Instruction/ maintenance manual of the product 180 Degree Turn HP (Hewlett-Packard)
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1 2005/03/11 ( C) Herbe rt Haa s The Ethe rnet Ev olution The 180 Degree Turn.
2 “Use common s ense in r outing cable. Avoid wrappin g coax around source s of strong electric or m agnetic fields. Do not wrap the cable around flourescent light ballasts or cyclotrons, for exa mple.” E thernet Headsta rt Product, Information and Ins tallat ion Guide, Bell Technologies, pg.
3 3 (C) Herbe rt Haa s 2005/03/11 History : Initi al Idea Shared media CS MA/CD as access algorithm CO A X Ca bles Half duplex communication Low latency No networking nodes (ex.
4 4 (C) Herbe rt Haa s 2005/03/11 Histor y: Multi port Rep eaters Demand fo r structu red cabl ing (v oice-g rade twist ed- pair) 10BaseT (C at3, Cat 4, .
5 5 (C) Herbe rt Haa s 2005/03/11 Histor y: Bridges Store a nd forw ar ding accor ding des tinati on M AC address Separa ted c ollisio n domains Improved netw ork performan ce Still one broad cast domain Thre e collision domains in this example ! Bridg es were i nvent ed fo r perf orman ce r easo ns.
6 6 (C) Herbe rt Haa s 2005/03/11 Histor y: S w itches Switch = Multiport Br idges with HW acceleration Full duplex Collision-free Et hernet No CSM A/CD necessary any more Differen.
7 7 (C) Herbe rt Haa s 2005/03/11 Today No coll isions no d istance li mitation s ! Gigabi t Ethernet beco mes W A N technology ! Over 10 0 km link s pan alre ady Combine sev eral .
8 8 (C) Herbe rt Haa s 2005/03/11 What About Giga bit H ubs? Would limit network diameter to 20- 25 meters (Gigabit Ethernet) Solutio ns Fram e B ur sti ng Carri er E xten sio n No.
9 9 (C) Herbe rt Haa s 2005/03/11 MAC Cont rol Frames A dditional functiona lity easi ly integrated Curr en tly o nly Pause-Frame supported preamble FC S MAC-ct rl par amet ers MAC-ctrl op cod e 8808h SA DA 8 bytes 6 6 2 2 44 4 Al w ay s 64 bytes MAC-ctrl op cod e .
10 10 (C) Herbe rt Haa s 2005/03/11 Auto Ne gotia tion Enables each t wo Ethernet dev ices to exchange info rmation about the ir capabi lit ies Signal rate, CSM A /CD, half- or f ull-duplex .
11 11 (C) Herbe rt Haa s 2005/03/11 Fast Link Puls es Modern Ethernet NICs send bursts of Fast-Link-Pulses (FLP) consisting of 17-33 NLPs for Autonegotiation signa lling Each representing a 16 bit word GE sen ds se ver al "pa ge s" A series o f FLPs constitute an autonegotiation frame.
12 12 (C) Herbe rt Haa s 2005/03/11 100 Mbit Ethernet O verview Fast Eth ernet 100Base 4T+ Signaling Fast Eth ernet 100BaseX Signaling 100BaseTX 100BaseFX 100BaseT4 (half duplex) 100VG-A nyLA N "100Bas eT" HP and AT&T inventi on for real t ime applicat ions IEEE 80 2.
13 13 (C) Herbe rt Haa s 2005/03/11 4B/5B Codi ng 4B/5B Encoder/Decoder PM A PCS MII 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 16 code groups 32 code groups 4x 25 Mbit/s 125 MBaud The diagram abov e shows the basic principle of th e 4B5B block coding principl e, which is used by 802.
14 14 (C) Herbe rt Haa s 2005/03/11 Gigabit Ethe rnet Media A ccess Cont rol (MA C) Gigabit M edia Independe nt Interf ace ( GMII) 1000Bas e-X 8B/10B enco der/dec oder 1000Bas e-T encoder /decoder 1000Bas e-LX LWL Fiber Optic 1000Bas e-SX SWL Fiber Optic 1000Bas e-CX Shielded Balanced Copper 1000Bas e-T UTP Cat 5e IEEE 80 2.
15 15 (C) Herbe rt Haa s 2005/03/11 GE Signa ling PMA PCS 802.2 LLC 802.3 CSMA /CD 802.3 PHY FC-4 upper lay er mappin g FC-3 comm on servic es FC-2 signalling FC-0 interface and me dia FC-1 enco der/de coder IEEE 80 2.2 LLC CSMA/CD or full dupl ex MAC PMD IEEE 80 2.
16 16 (C) Herbe rt Haa s 2005/03/11 GE 8B/1 0B C oding 8B/10B Encoder/Decoder PM A PCS GMII 256 code groups 1024 code groups 8x 125 Mbit/s 125 million code groups per second 1250 Mbaud 1 Only used by 1000Bas eX 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 8B10B block coding is ver y similar to 4B5B bloc k coding but allows full y balanced 10-bit codewords.
17 17 (C) Herbe rt Haa s 2005/03/11 1000BaseX T wo different waveleng ths suppor ted Full duplex only 1000Ba se-SX: short w ave, 85 0 nm MMF 1000Ba se-LX: long wa ve, 1300 nm M M F or .
18 18 (C) Herbe rt Haa s 2005/03/11 1000BaseT Defined by 802.3ab t ask force UTP Uses all 4 line pair s simulta neousl y for duplex transmission ! (echo cancellation) 5 level PAM codin.
19 19 (C) Herbe rt Haa s 2005/03/11 Several Physical Media S upported Logical Link C ontrol LLC MAC Control (optio nal) Media Access Control M AC PLS AUI P MA (MA U ) MDI Medi um Reconciliation Reconc.
20 20 (C) Herbe rt Haa s 2005/03/11 10 Gigabit Ethernet / IEEE 802.3ae Only optical support 850nm (MM) / 1310nm /1550 n m (SM only ) No copper P HY anymore ! Different implementation s.
21 21 (C) Herbe rt Haa s 2005/03/11 Note GE and 10GE use synchronous physical sublay er !!! Recommendation: Don't use GE ov er copper w ires Radiation/ EMI Grounding p r oblems High BER Thick cab le bund les (especia lly C at-7) Both GE and 10GE are synchronous ph y sical t echnologies on fib er.
22 22 (C) Herbe rt Haa s 2005/03/11 Summar y Ethernet evolv ed in the opposite di rection: Collision free W A N qualified Switched Seve ral coding sty les Comp lex PH Y archite.
23 23 (C) Herbe rt Haa s 2005/03/11 Quizz Why tends high-spee d Ethernet to synchronous PHY? Can I attach a 100 Mbit/s port to a 1000 Mbit/s port vi a fiber? What is the idea of Etherchann.
24 24 (C) Herbe rt Haa s 2005/03/11 Hints Q1: On fiber its difficult to deal with asynchronous transmission, phot ons cannot be buffered easily, store and forward problems Q2: No, autonegotiat.
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