Instruction/ maintenance manual of the product 100 Cabletron Systems
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Smar tSTAC K 100 ELS100-16TX USER GUIDE PWR CPU RESET COM PORT STA TUS MODE TX ACT FDX MON RX COL 100 USR STATUS ELS100-16TX EPIM100 EPIM100 10X 12X 14X 16X 9X 11X 13X 15X 2X 4X 6X 8x 1X 3X 5X 7X LINK.
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i NOTICE Cabletron Systems reserves the right to make changes in specifications and other information contained in this document without prior notice. The reader should in all cases consult Cabletron Systems to determine whether any such changes ha ve been made.
Notice ii DOC NOTICE This digital apparatus does not exceed the Class A limits for radio noise emissions from digital apparatus set out in the Radio Interference Regulations of the Canadian Department of Communications.
Notice iii CABLETRON SOFTWARE PROGRAM LICENSE 1. LICENSE . You have the right to use only the one (1) copy of the Program provided in this package subject to the terms and conditions of this License Agreement.
Notice iv DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY Application of Council Directiv e(s): 89/336/EEC 73/23/EEC Manufacturer’ s Name: Cabletron Systems, Inc. Manufacturer’ s Address: 35 Industrial Way PO Box 5005 Rochester, NH 03867 European Representativ e Name: Mr.
v CONTENTS CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 ABOUT THIS MANUAL ........................................................................ 1-1 1.2 GETTING HELP ....................................................................................... 1-2 1.3 DOCUMENT CONVENTIONS .
vi Contents 3.10 DISPLAYING MIRRORING STATUS .............................................. 3-14 3.11 DEFINING AND DELETING WORKGROUPS ..............................3-16 3.12 ASSIGNING A COMMUNITY NAME .............................................3-18 3.
Contents vii 5.2 RESPONSES TO FAILURES AT POWER-UP ...................................... 5-3 5.3 STATUS AND ACTIVITY INDICATORS ............................................ 5-3 5.4 TROUBLESHOOTING .....................................................
viii Contents.
1-1 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 ABOUT THIS MANUAL This manual is for system administrators responsible for configuring, monitoring, and maintaining the SmartST ACK 100 ELS100-16TX. Y ou should have a familiarity with networking concepts and principles.
1-2 Introduction • Chapter 5, ELS100-16TX Diagnostics and Troubleshooting , describes the SmartST ACK 100 ELS100-16TX diagnostics and provides information on tr oubleshooting common problems. • Appendix A, Technical Specifications , provides the SmartST ACK 100 ELS100-16TX specifications and basic cabling pin assignments.
Introduction 1-3 • A description of any action(s) already taken to r esolve the problem (e.g., changing mode switches, r ebooting the unit, etc.) • The serial and revision numbers of all involved Cabletr on Systems products in the network • A description of your network environment (layout, cable type, etc.
1-4 Introduction The following conventions are also used in this document: 1.4 RELATED DOCUMENTATION The following documentation may assist the user in using this product: • Getting Started with the SmartST ACK 100 ELS100-16TX - contains the basic information for using the SmartST ACK 100 ELS100-16TX.
Introduction 1-5 1.5 OVERVIEW The SmartST ACK 100 ELS100-16TX is an intelligent Ethernet-to- Ethernet switch that is configured with 16 IEEE 802.3 10/100BASE-T autosensing Ethernet ports. The SmartST ACK 100 ELS100-16TX provides the option of substituting RJ45 ports 15 and 16 (either or both) with two EPIM ports.
1-6 Introduction • Operates in either Half Duplex or Full Duplex modes on all ports. • Implements the Spanning T ree pr otocol (802.1d). • Configured with factory-set defaults for immediate plug-and- play capability (IP addr ess is not configured at factory).
Introduction 1-7 The SmartST ACK ELS100-16TX goes beyond switching basics incorporating unique management features, including, RMON statistics and Broadcast/multicast storm pr otection, proactive alarms, and both in-band and out-of-band SNMP management.
1-8 Introduction Access Control (MAC) sub-layer of the Data Link layer . Figur e 1-2 shows the OSI Reference Model. Figure 1-2. OSI Reference Model P or t T runking Another performance enhancing feature of the SmartST ACK ELS100-16TX is Port T runking.
Introduction 1-9 ports allowing the switch port and an attached device to negotiate for full or half-duplex modes of operation. The SmartST ACK 100 ELS100-16TX also supports auto-negotiation as defined by IEEE 802.3u and will automatically set the port to the proper mode (10 Mbps, half/full duplex or , 100 Mbps half/full duplex).
1-10 Introduction Figure 1-3. T ypical Switching Application By forwarding only packets addr essed to devices on other network segments, the SmartST ACK 100 ELS100-16TX reduces unnecessary traffic and ther eby enhances the overall performance of the network.
Introduction 1-11 packets to the LAN. If there is a cable br eak or a port failure, the network topology is automatically reconfigur ed by the Spanning T ree pr otocol to create an alternate path to the LAN.
1-12 Introduction Each dynamic entry includes: • An Ethernet MAC address • A single port number of the LAN on which the address r esides • The age of the entry The SmartST ACK 100 ELS100-16TX stores 8192 dynamic (learned) entries in its Bridge Address T able.
Introduction 1-13 SmartST A CK 100 ELS100-16TX T runking The SmartST ACK 100 ELS100-16TX allows two trunk groups with up to eight ports each to be connected between the SmartST ACK 100 ELS100-16TX and other devices in the FastNetwork and SmartST ACK families.
1-14 Introduction Figure 1-4 illustrates the tr unking of multiple SmartST ACK 100 ELS100-16TX ports to increase the bandwidth. Figure 1-4. Smar tST A CK 100 ELS100-16TX T runking with 100 Mbps Ports .
Introduction 1-15 Figure 1-5 shows two Ethernet segments, A and B, that do not include a SmartST ACK 100 ELS100-16TX. Figure 1-5. Multiple Ethernet Segments Sharing 100 Mbps Bandwidth Each host on segments A and B is limited to sharing a network bandwidth of 10 Mbps.
1-16 Introduction Figure 1-6 shows two Ethernet segments that take advantage of the virtual workgroup featur e of the SmartST ACK 100 ELS100-16TX and the increased bandwidth applied to each A and B host.
Introduction 1-17 As illustrated in the previous diagram, virtual workgr oups allow you to associate multiple ports and define a workgroup. In r eality , you are assigning workgr oup IDs to SmartST ACK 100 ELS100-16TX ports.
1-18 Introduction 1.6.1 Command Syntax Con ventions The following conventions apply as you use LCM commands: • Press the Enter key to execute a command after you type it in. •A port range is either a single port number , or a list of port numbers separated by commas or hyphens.
Introduction 1-19 1.6.2 Basic LCM Commands If you are going to manage the SmartST ACK 100 ELS100-16TX using LCM, you first must connect the SmartST ACK 100 ELS100-16TX to an ASCII terminal or terminal emulator . See Section 2.5, Connecting the Local Console Manager , for instructions.
1-20 Introduction ELS100-16 > help ELS100-16TX Local Console Manager help or ? this menu status [PORT-RANGE] to display unit or port status baud [BAUD-RATE] to change the console baud rate exit or .
Introduction 1-21 Erase Entering erase to erase the current SmartST ACK 100 ELS100-16TX configuration returns all parameters to the default values. Exit or Logout Logs you out of LCM. (The exit command is functionally equivalent to the logout command.
1-22 Introduction.
2-1 CHAPTER 2 UNPACKING AND INSTALLING Y OUR ELS100-16TX Carefully unpack the ELS100-16TX fr om the shipping carton and inspect it for possible damage.
2-2 Unpacking and Installing Y our ELS100-16TX Figure 2-1. ELS100-16TX Front P anel PWR CPU RESET COM PORT STA TUS MODE TX ACT FDX MON RX COL 100 USR STATUS ELS100-16TX EPIM100 EPIM100 10X 12X 14X 16X.
Unpacking and Installing Y our ELS100-16TX 2-3 T able 2-1. Meaning of ELS100-16TX LEDs LED State Meaning Port Status Mode TX RX ACT COL FDX 100 MON USR On On On On On Off On Off On Blink On Indicates port is transmitting a packet. Indicates port is receiving a packet.
2-4 Unpacking and Installing Y our ELS100-16TX T able 2-2 describes the ELS100-16TX buttons. 2.2 INSTALLING AN EPIM The ELS100-16TX provides two slots for a Cabletr on EPIM-100FX (Ethernet Port Interface Module). The ELS100-16TX is shipped without EPIMs.
Unpacking and Installing Y our ELS100-16TX 2-5 Figure 2-2. Installing an EPIM 10X 12X 14X 16X 9X 11X 13X 15X EPIM100 EPIM100 EPIM-100FX LNK EPIM-100FX LNK.
2-6 Unpacking and Installing Y our ELS100-16TX 2.3 INSTALLING THE ELS100-16TX Rack-Mounting an ELS100-16TX T able 2-3 describes some general considerations you should be aware of befor e mounting an ELS100-16TX in a rack assembly . The ELS100-16TX can be rack-mounted in a standard 19-inch equipment cabinet.
Unpacking and Installing Y our ELS100-16TX 2-7 . Figure 2-3. Attaching Rackmount Brackets 2. Place the ELS100-16TX chassis in the cabinet. 3. Secure the ELS100-16TX with the rackmount fasteners by inserting and securing a fastener through each of the four slots in the rackmount brackets, as shown in Figure 2-4.
2-8 Unpacking and Installing Y our ELS100-16TX 4. Once the ELS100-16TX is installed, plug the AC power cord into the AC power connector on the rear of the ELS100-16TX chassis. Plug the other end of the power cord into a thr ee- prong gr ounded outlet.
Unpacking and Installing Y our ELS100-16TX 2-9 T o connect the LCM: 1. Connect your ASCII terminal or terminal emulator to the out- of-band management RS232C port on the front panel of the ELS100-16TX using the standard RJ-45 twisted pair cable shipped with the unit.
2-10 Unpacking and Installing Y our ELS100-16TX 2.6.1 Connecting UTP Cables Before connecting a segment to the ELS100-16TX, check each end of the segment to verify wire cr ossover . Connect a twisted pair segment to the ELS100-16TX as follows: 1. Ensure that the device at the other end of the segment is connected to the segment and is powered ON.
Unpacking and Installing Y our ELS100-16TX 2-11 b. Verify that the RJ45 connectors on the twisted pair segment have the proper pinouts (Figure 2-6) and check the cable for continuity. Figure 2-6. Cable Pinouts - (RJ45) Cr ossover Cable c. Check that the twisted pair connection meets the dB loss and cable specifications.
2-12 Unpacking and Installing Y our ELS100-16TX Fiber Optic Network Connection 1. Remove the protective plastic covers fr om the fiber optic ports on the applicable port on the module and from the ends of the connectors. 2. Insert one end of the SC connector into the EPIM-100FX installed in the ELS100-16TX.
Unpacking and Installing Y our ELS100-16TX 2-13 Figure 2-7. EPIM-100FX P ort 4. V erify that a Link exists by checking that the port LINK LED is solid green. If the LINK LED is of f, perform the following steps until it is on: a. Check that the power is turned on for the device at the other end of the Link.
2-14 Unpacking and Installing Y our ELS100-16TX.
3-1 CHAPTER 3 CONFIGURING Y OUR ELS100-16TX The ELS100-16TX does not requir e any additional configuration to operate as a standard, transpar ent switch.
3-2 Configuring Y our ELS100-16TX The following sections describe how to configure the optional parameters of the ELS100-16TX using LCM commands, including: • Assigning IP addr esses • Enabling .
Configuring Y our ELS100-16TX 3-3 • Class B addresses ar e used for medium sized networks. The first two bytes identify the network and the last two identify the node. The first byte of a class B address must be in the range 128–191. The address 128.
3-4 Configuring Y our ELS100-16TX 3.1.1 Displaying IP Ad dresses T o display IP addresses, subnet masks, and MAC addr esses of all ports on the ELS100-16TX you are configuring, at the LCM pr ompt: 1. T ype ipaddr LCM displays the current IP address table, for example: 3.
Configuring Y our ELS100-16TX 3-5 T o change the subnet mask, at the LCM pr ompt: 1. T ype ipaddr <PORT-NUMBER> <IP ADDRESS> <SUBNET MASK> For example, ipaddr 6 192.138.217.40 255.255.240.0 would set the subnet mask for port 6 to 255.
3-6 Configuring Y our ELS100-16TX Using LCM to enable bridging for a port or port range, at the LCM prompt: 1. T ype bridge [PORT-RANGE [{off|on|noBPDU}]] For example, bridge 2 on would enable bridging on port 2. LCM responds: 3.3 DISABLING BRIDGING T o turn of f the bridging function for a port or port range, at the LCM prompt: 1.
Configuring Y our ELS100-16TX 3-7 Y ou could also type bridge [PORT-RANGE] to look at a specific range of ports. For example bridge 2-4 would display bridging functions for ports 2, 3, and 4.
3-8 Configuring Y our ELS100-16TX Figure 3-1. T runk Connections T runk Gr oups Each set of connections between two ELS100-16TXs is called a T runk Group . Y ou can create up to eight trunk gr oups, each with up to eight ports, to interconnect your ELS100-16TXs.
Configuring Y our ELS100-16TX 3-9 Figure 3-2. T runk Groups T o enable trunking for the example shown, perform the following: 1. Connect the desired ports of the ELS100-16TXs together using 100BASE-T crossover cables. If ELS100-16TX A is handling only a small number of users, the A to B T runk Gr oup could have just two ports per ELS100- 16TX.
3-10 Configuring Y our ELS100-16TX For ELS100-16TX B, at the LCM prompt: b. Type trunk 3-10,14-15 on For ELS100-16TX C, at the LCM prompt: c. Type trunk 3-10 on Each ELS100-16TX determines which ports are part of which T runk Gr oup. After T runk Group configuration, the ELS100- 16TXs complete the standard 802.
Configuring Y our ELS100-16TX 3-11 3.7 DISPLAYING T RUNKING STATUS T o check the status of your curr ent trunking configuration, at the LCM prompt: 1. T ype trunk <PORT-RANGE> The display could look like the following: Note: IP Addresses are not required for trunking to function.
3-12 Configuring Y our ELS100-16TX The display could look like the following: The following conditions can be displayed: • Broken — T runking is enabled, but the port in non-operational. • Closed (or Oneway) — T runking is enabled, and the T runking Protocol is attempting to establish a tr unk connection.
Configuring Y our ELS100-16TX 3-13 • Perturbed — T runking is enabled, and a good trunk connection has been established. However , the forwarding of data packets is temporarily suspended to allow for a change in the membership of the T runk Gr oup.
3-14 Configuring Y our ELS100-16TX 3.10 DISPLAYING MIRR ORING STATUS T o check the status of your curr ent mirroring configuration, at the LCM prompt: 1.
Configuring Y our ELS100-16TX 3-15 T o check the status for ports configur ed for mirroring: 1. T ype status <PORT> The display could look like the following: The following conditions can be displayed: • Rx only — mirroring is enabled, but mirr oring only packets received by the port.
3-16 Configuring Y our ELS100-16TX 3.11 DEFINING AND DELETING W ORKGROUPS The ELS100-16TX allows you to define logical groups of associated ports (virtual workgroups) to pr ovide a more efficient flow of traffic acr oss your Ethernet network. V irtual workgroups of fer you the ability to limit broadcasts to logical domains within the network.
Configuring Y our ELS100-16TX 3-17 The LCM commands used to create the pr evious configuration are as follows: 1. T o cr eate workgroup A on ports 3, 4, 5, 13, and 16: ESL10-26 > workgroup A 3-5,13,16 LCM responds with the following display: Name: a Ports: 3, 4, 5, 13, 16 Info: All 2.
3-18 Configuring Y our ELS100-16TX T o display information about a specific workgr oup, at the LCM prompt: 1. T ype workgroup NAME T o cr eate or modify a workgroup, at the LCM pr ompt: 1. T ype workgroup NAME PORT-RANGE INFO T o delete a workgr oup, at the LCM prompt: 1.
Configuring Y our ELS100-16TX 3-19 5. LCM prompts you to verify the new community name by retyping it. 6. Retype the new community name. 3.13 CONFIGURING BROADCAST/MULTICAST STORM PROTECTION The ELS100-16TX provides automatic pr otection against broadcast/multicast storms.
3-20 Configuring Y our ELS100-16TX The two Management Information Base (MIB) variables for configuring multicast storm protection ar e: • kxifTxStormCnt – specifies the maximum number of multicasts that can be broadcast within the given time.
Configuring Y our ELS100-16TX 3-21 3.16 SYSTEM NAME The system name is a name assigned to the ELS100-16TX by the network administrator . By convention, the system name is the fully qualified domain name. (This name then becomes the LCM prompt.) sysName - {system 5} DisplayString (SIZE (0.
3-22 Configuring Y our ELS100-16TX Set Community Name The set community name variable ( kxadminAnyPass ) and get community name variable ( kxadminGetPass ) must be set to the value of the community name used by the SNMP manager for performing either set or get operations.
4-1 CHAPTER 4 MONITORING AND MANAGING Y OUR ELS100-16TX Monitoring the ELS100-16TX consists of collecting and analyzing statistics and system status information. Y ou can use the Select button on the fr ont panel of the ELS100- 16TX to monitor segment status on any of the Ethernet ports.
4-2 Monitoring and Managing Y our ELS100-16TX ELS100-16TX statistics are divided into four gr oups: • System statistics • Ethernet port statistics • T raffic analysis statistics • SNMP statistics Y ou can use this information to analyze your overall network performance and to make configuration changes as necessary .
Monitoring and Managing Y our ELS100-16TX 4-3 • The number of spanning tree topology changes that have occurred since the ELS100-16TX was last r eset. • The time since a topology change was last initiated. • The physical location of the ELS100-16TX.
4-4 Monitoring and Managing Y our ELS100-16TX 4.3 USING LCM TO CHECK ELS100-16TX STATUS The LCM commands that enable you to quickly check on the status of the ELS100-16TX include: • Status • Address display • Ipaddr • Ident These LCM commands are described in the sections that follow .
Monitoring and Managing Y our ELS100-16TX 4-5 If you do not want to view the status of each Ethernet port, use the Ctrl-C keys to return to the LCM pr ompt. Software Currently Running: version xx.xx.xx software, Tue 08/23/94 15:0 Next Bootstrap (1st bank): version xx.
4-6 Monitoring and Managing Y our ELS100-16TX If you do not want to view the status of port 2, use the Ctrl-C keys to return to the LCM pr ompt. Y ou can view the status for multiple of ports by typing status and indicating the range of port numbers, for example status 2-6 .
Monitoring and Managing Y our ELS100-16TX 4-7 T o display all MAC addr esses, at the LCM prompt: 1. T ype addresses display any LCM responds with a list of all MAC addr esses, their associated ports, the type, age, and number of frames from and to that address.
4-8 Monitoring and Managing Y our ELS100-16TX LCM would display: The ipaddr command displays the IP addr esses, subnet masks, and MAC addresses of all ELS100-16TX ports. At the LCM prompt: 1. T ype ipaddr LCM displays the current IP address table, for example.
Monitoring and Managing Y our ELS100-16TX 4-9 4.4 MANAGING THE ELS100-16TX Managing the ELS100-16TX consists of: • Disabling and enabling Ethernet ports • Changing a subnet mask • Changing a com.
4-10 Monitoring and Managing Y our ELS100-16TX 4.5.1 Disabling a P ort There can be times when you need to disable a specific Ethernet port, for example, after you have determined that there is faulty equipment. Disabling a port effectively stops all bridging functions for that port.
Monitoring and Managing Y our ELS100-16TX 4-11 For example, enable 7-9 would enable ports 7, 8, and 9. LCM responds: noRIP Option The Routing Information Protocol (RIP) is one of the pr otocols that allows the ELS100-16TX to build an accurate, current r outing table.
4-12 Monitoring and Managing Y our ELS100-16TX LCM displays the current IP address table, for example: T o change the subnet mask, at the LCM pr ompt: 1. T ype ipaddr <PORT-NUMBER> <IP ADDRESS> <SUBNET MASK> For example, ipaddr 6 192.
Monitoring and Managing Y our ELS100-16TX 4-13 3. Enter the new community name. LCM prompts you to verify the new community name by retyping it. 4. Retype the new community name. 4.5.5 Setting the Baud Rate Y ou can set the baud rate for your LCM console connection.
4-14 Monitoring and Managing Y our ELS100-16TX T o change the baud rate setting, at the LCM pr ompt: 1. T ype baud <baud rate> For example, baud 9600 would set the baud rate to 9600. LCM responds: 4.5.6 Setting a Reboot Time Y ou can enter the number of seconds the ELS100-16TX waits befor e rebooting.
5-1 CHAPTER 5 ELS100-16TX DIAGNOSTICS AND T R OUBLESHOOTING The ELS100-16TX incorporates built-in diagnostic and testing capabilities which are convenient to use and cause minimal or no disruption to the r est of the operational network. These capabilities are ef fective for isolating problems within the ELS100-16TX unit.
5-2 ELS100-16TX Diagnostics and T roubleshooting 5.1.2 Specific P ower -up T ests The power-up diagnostic tests performed on the ELS100-16TX include: • ROM checksum test • Instruction/Data memory test • FLASH checksum test • NVRAM checksum test 5.
ELS100-16TX Diagnostics and T roubleshooting 5-3 5.1.4 P ower -up Diagnostics Results After completion of the power-up diagnostic sequence, both the Power (Pwr) and CPU LEDs located on the front panel of the ELS100-16TX should be on.
5-4 ELS100-16TX Diagnostics and T roubleshooting Figure 5-1. ELS100-16TX Front P anel LEDs PWR CPU RESET COM PORT STA TUS MODE TX ACT FDX MON RX COL 100 USR STATUS ELS100-16TX EPIM100 EPIM100 10X 12X .
ELS100-16TX Diagnostics and T roubleshooting 5-5 T able 5-1. Meaning of ELS100-16TX LEDs LED State Meaning Port Status Mode TX RX ACT COL FDX 100 MON USR On On On On On Off On Off On Blink On Indicates port is transmitting a packet. Indicates port is receiving a packet.
5-6 ELS100-16TX Diagnostics and T roubleshooting T able 5-2 describes the ELS100-16TX buttons. 5.4 T ROUB LESHOOTING This section lists several situations that could happen while using the ELS100-16TX, and suggests appropriate action.
ELS100-16TX Diagnostics and T roubleshooting 5-7 5.5.1 Connectivity Prob lems • Check for LED abnormalities. • Check port status using LCM. • Check for loose port connections. • Check to see if the number of carrier losses is increasing using LCM.
5-8 ELS100-16TX Diagnostics and T roubleshooting.
A-1 APPENDIX A T ECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS A.1 ELS100-16TX SPECIFICATIONS Physical Height 2.55 in (6.48 cm) W idth 17 in (43.18 cm) Depth 15.5 in (39.4 cm) W eight 9 lb (4.
A-2 T echnical Specifications Diagnostic LEDs Individual port link status Individual port segment status Segment status, specifying one of the following: - T ransmit activity - Receive activity - Both T ransmit and Receive activity - Collision - 100 (Mbps) - Duplex - MON (monitor) - User-defined CPU Power (PWR) Standard Support • IEEE 802.
T echnical Specifications A-3 Address T able Size 8,192 dynamic entries Management Support • MIB II, 802.1d, 802.3, and Cabletron Enterprise MIB • Cabletron Systems Local Console Manager (LCM) • Any SNMP-based network management system Regulatory Compliance Safety UL 1950, CSA C22.
A-4 T echnical Specifications T able A-2. DB9 Pin Assignments A.3 100B ASE-T PIN ASSIGNMENTS An Ethernet twisted-pair link segment requir es two pairs of wires. Each wire pair is identified by solid and striped color ed wires. For example, one wire in the pair might be r ed and the other wire, red with white stripes.
T echnical Specifications A-5 a. The “+” and “-” signs are used to r epresent the polarity of the two wires that make up each wir e pair . A.4 STRAIGHT-THROUGH WIRING If the twisted-pair link.
A-6 T echnical Specifications A.6 THE 5 - 4 - 3 RULE Between any two nodes (i.e., PCs or other stations) on the network, there can be: • Up to five segments in series • Up to four repeaters or multi-port hubs • Up to three populated segments (that is, segments attached to two or more PCs).
T echnical Specifications A-7 Figure A-2. EPIM-100FX Specifications for the EPIM-100FX are listed in T able A-6. The transmitter power levels and receive sensitivity levels listed ar e peak power levels after optical overshoot. A peak power meter must be used to correctly compar e the values given above to those measured on any particular port.
A-8 T echnical Specifications.
B-1 APPENDIX B GLOSSARY address A set of characters that uniquely identifies a station, peripheral device, node, or other unit in a network. address table A database of device addresses and their associated ports maintained by a switch or bridge for use in making data packet forwarding and filtering decisions.
B-2 Glossar y backbone The major , central transmission path for a network. A backbone usually handles high-volume, high-density traffic. T ypically a backbone connects various LANs into an integrated network.
Glossar y B-3 congestion A condition where a portion of the network is overloaded with more data than can be transmitted in the desir ed time period. CSMA/CD (carrier-sense multiple access with collision detection) A channel access (contention) method that requir es each station to wait for an idle channel before transmitting.
B-4 Glossar y encapsulation A method for moving messages across networks that use dif ferent types of protocols. The message is encapsulated (rather than translated), so it can move across a network that otherwise could not understand its protocol. Encapsulating bridges and switches generally use proprietary encapsulation schemes.
Glossar y B-5 ICMP (Internet control message protocol) An auxiliary protocol of IP used to convey advice and error messages about events in the IP layer . IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers) International professional society which issues networking and other standards.
B-6 Glossar y internetworking The linking of one or more networks to facilitate communication across networks. interoperability The ability of equipment from multiple vendors to exchange information using standardized pr otocols. IP (Internet protocol) IP is the basic datagram pr otocol used at the network layer of the TCP/IP stack.
Glossar y B-7 MAC (media access control) The data link layer sublayer responsible for scheduling, transmitting, and receiving data on a shar ed medium local area network. mask Specified a subset of a larger set of data to be included for comparison and analysis.
B-8 Glossar y OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) Refers to the OSI refer ence model, a logical structure for network operations. OSI is the internationally accepted framework of standards for internetwork communication.
Glossar y B-9 protocol A set of rules used by computers and r elated devices to communicate with each other . protocol suite A group of pr otocols related to a common framework. RARP (reverse address resolution protocol) A protocol that binds MAC addr esses to specific IP addresses.
B-10 Glossar y switch An intelligent, protocol independent device used to connect similar or dissimilar LANs. symbol The smallest signaling element used by the MAC sublayer . Each symbol corresponds to a specific sequence of code bits to be transmitted by the physical layer .
Glossar y B-11 upstream Refers to the relative position of a station in a network to another station in the same network. A station is upstream from its neighbor if it receives data befor e its neighbor receives the data. W AN (wide area network) A communication network that spans a large geographic ar ea.
B-12 Glossar y.
An important point after buying a device Cabletron Systems 100 (or even before the purchase) is to read its user manual. We should do this for several simple reasons:
If you have not bought Cabletron Systems 100 yet, this is a good time to familiarize yourself with the basic data on the product. First of all view first pages of the manual, you can find above. You should find there the most important technical data Cabletron Systems 100 - thus you can check whether the hardware meets your expectations. When delving into next pages of the user manual, Cabletron Systems 100 you will learn all the available features of the product, as well as information on its operation. The information that you get Cabletron Systems 100 will certainly help you make a decision on the purchase.
If you already are a holder of Cabletron Systems 100, but have not read the manual yet, you should do it for the reasons described above. You will learn then if you properly used the available features, and whether you have not made any mistakes, which can shorten the lifetime Cabletron Systems 100.
However, one of the most important roles played by the user manual is to help in solving problems with Cabletron Systems 100. Almost always you will find there Troubleshooting, which are the most frequently occurring failures and malfunctions of the device Cabletron Systems 100 along with tips on how to solve them. Even if you fail to solve the problem, the manual will show you a further procedure – contact to the customer service center or the nearest service center
