Instruction/ maintenance manual of the product GS-4012 ZyXEL Communications
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www .zyxel.com GS-4012F/4024 Intelligent Layer 3+ Switch User ’ s Guide Ve r s i o n 3 . 8 4/2007 Edition 1 DEFAULT LOGIN IP Address http://1 92 .168.
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About This User's Guide GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 3 About This User's Guide Intended Audience This manual is intended for people who wa nt to configu re the ES-4124 using the web configurator or via commands. Y ou should have at least a basic knowledg e of TCP/IP networking conce pts and topology .
Document Conventions GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 4 Document Conventions W arnings and Notes These are how warnings and notes are shown in this User ’ s Guide.
Document Conventions GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 5 Icons Used in Figures Figures in this User ’ s Guide may use the followi ng generic icons. The Switch icon is n ot an exact representation of your device.
Safety Warnings GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 6 Safety Warnings 1 For your safety , be sure to read and follow all warni ng notices and instructions. • Do NOT use this product near water , for example, in a wet basement or near a swimming pool. • Do NOT expose your device to dampness, dust or corrosive liquids.
Safety Warnings GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 7.
Safety Warnings GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 8.
Contents Overview GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 9 Contents Overview Introduction and Hardware ................................................ ................................................... 35 Getting to Know Y our Sw itch ........... ...........
Contents Overview GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 10 IP Multicast ..... ................ ............. ................ ................. ................ ................ ............. .. ............ 249 Differentiated Services ................. .....
Table of Contents GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 11 Table of Contents About This User's Guide ...................... .................................................................................. .. 3 Document Conventions......................
Table of Contents GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 12 3.2.1 Power Connector ... ................ ................ ................ ................ ................. ................ ... 49 3.2.2 External Backup Power Supply Connector ........... .......
Table of Contents GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 13 7.6 IP Setup ........ ................ ............. ................ ................ ................ ................ .......... ............. 83 7.6.1 IP Interfaces ................ ..............
Table of Contents GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 14 1 1.1.5 Mult iple STP ...... ................ ................ ................ ................ ................ ................ ..... .1 12 1 1.2 Sp anning Tree Protocol S tatus Screen ............
Table of Contents GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 15 Chapter 17 Port Security............................................................... ................................................... .. ...... 147 17.1 About Port Security ............. .......
Table of Contents GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 16 22.1.4 IGMP Snooping and VLANs ........... ................ ................ ................ ................ ........ 172 22.2 Multicast S tatus ............ ................ ................ ......
Table of Contents GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 17 24.7.2 ARP Inspection VLAN Configure ......... .......... ................ ................ ............. ........... 217 Chapter 25 Loop Guard............................................ ............
Table of Contents GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 18 30.1 DVMRP Overview .......... ................ ................ ................ ................ ................. ................ .2 4 5 30.2 How DVMRP Works ......................... ............
Table of Contents GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 19 34.3 VRRP Configuration ..................... ................ ................ ................ ................. ................ .2 6 9 34.3.1 IP Interface Setup .. ................... ............
Table of Contents GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 20 36.7 Introduction to HTTPS ...................... ................ ................. ................ ................ ............. .2 9 7 36.8 HTTPS Example ............ ................ ...........
Table of Contents GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 21 43.1 Overview ................. ............. ................ ................. ................ ................ ................ .. ......... 321 43.2 Viewing the Routing T able ...................
Table of Contents GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 22 46.4 traceroute ............... ................. ................ ................ ................ ................ ............... ........ . 380 46.5 Copy Port Attributes ............ ............
Table of Contents GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 23 48.3.1 no bandwidth-limit ... ................ ................ ................. ................ ................ .............. 401 Chapter 49 IEEE 802.1Q T agged VLAN Commands ................... .
Table of Contents GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 24 Appendix C Common Services ...................... ...................................................................... 441 Appendix D Legal Information ........................ .....................
List of Figures GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 25 List of Figures Figure 1 Backbone Application ....................... ................ ................ ................ .................... ..... .............. 38 Figure 2 Bridging Application ......
List of Figure s GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 26 Figure 39 Subnet Based VLAN App lication Example .................. ................ ................ ................ .......... 98 Figure 40 Advanced Application > VL AN > VLAN Port Setting > Subnet Based VLAN .
List of Figures GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 27 Figure 82 Advanced Application > Mu lticast > Multicast Setting ........................... ................ .............. 173 Figure 83 Advanced Application > Multicast > Multicast Setting > IGMP Snooping VLAN .
List of Figure s GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 28 Figure 125 OSPF Virtual Link ............... ................ ................ ................. ................ ................ . ............. 238 Figure 126 IP Multicast ............... ..........
List of Figures GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 29 Figure 168 Load Factory Default: S tart ........... ... ............. ................ ................ ................ ............ ........ . 280 Figure 169 Reboot System: Conf irmation ............ .
List of Figure s GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 30 Figure 21 1 Network Number and Ho st ID .............. ................ ................. ............ ................. ............. .... 432 Figure 212 Subnetting Example: Be fore Subnetting .......
List of Tables GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 31 List of Tables T able 1 Front Panel .................... ................. ................ ................ ................... ................ .. ..................... 45 T able 2 LEDs ...............
List of Tables GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 32 T able 39 Advanced Applicati on > Port Authenticat ion > 802.1x ..... ................ ................ ................ ..... 144 T able 40 Advanced Applicat ion > Port Authentication > MAC Authentication .
List of Tables GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 33 T able 82 RIP ............ ................ ................ ................ ............. ................. ................ ....... ...................... . 228 T able 83 OSP F vs. RIP ...... ........
List of Tables GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 34 T able 125 Syslog ........ ................ ................. ................ ................ ................ ................ .... ................... . 306 T able 126 Syslog: Server Setup ..... ....
35 P ART I Introduction and Hardware Getting to Know Y our Switch (37) Hardware Installation and Connectio n (41) Hardware Overview (45).
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GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 37 C HAPTER 1 Getting to Know Your Switch This chapter introduces the main features and applications of the Switch. 1.1 Introduction Y our Switch is a stand-alone layer-3 Gigabit Et hernet switch. By integrating router functions, the Switch performs wire-speed layer -3 r outing in addition to layer-2 switching.
Chapter 1 Getting to Know Your Switch GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 38 Figure 1 Backbone Application 1.1.2 Bridging Example In this example application the Switch co nnects dif ferent company de partments ( RD and Sales ) to the corpora te backbone. It can al levi ate bandwidth contention and eliminate server and network bottlenecks.
Chapter 1 Getting to Kn ow Your Switch GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 39 Switching to higher-speed LANs such as A T M (Async hronous T ransmission Mode ) is not feasible for most people due to the expense of replacing all existing Ethernet cables and adapter cards, restructuring y our network and complex maintenance.
Chapter 1 Getting to Know Your Switch GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 40 Figure 4 Shared Server Using VLAN Example.
GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 41 C HAPTER 2 Hardware Installation and Connection This chapter shows you how to install th e hardware and make port connections. " Example graphics are shown. 2.1 Freest anding Inst allation 1 Make sure the Switch is clean and dry .
Chapter 2 Hardware Installation and Connection GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 42 " Do NOT block the ventilation holes. Leave space between devices when stacking. " For proper ventilation, allow at least 4 inches (10 cm) of clearance at the front and 3.
Chapter 2 Hard ware Installation an d Connection GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 43 Figure 6 Attaching the Mounting Brackets 2 Using a #2 Philips screwdriver , install the M3 flat head screws through the mounting bracket holes into the Switch. 3 Repeat steps 1 and 2 to install the second mounting br acket on the other side of the Switch.
Chapter 2 Hardware Installation and Connection GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 44.
GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 45 C HAPTER 3 Hardware Overview This chapter describes the front panel and rear panel of the Switc h and shows you how to make the hardware conn ections. 3.1 Front Panel Connection The figure below shows the fro nt panel of the Switch.
Chapter 3 Hard ware Overview GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 46 3.1.1 Console Port For local management, you can use a computer w ith terminal emulation software configured to the following parameters: .
Chapter 3 Hardware Overview GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 47 • Flow control: on 3.1.3 SFP Slot s The Switch comes with SFP (Smal l Form-fact or Pluggable) slots for mini-GBIC (Gigabit Interface Converter) transceivers. A transceiver is a single unit that houses a transmitter and a receiver .
Chapter 3 Hard ware Overview GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 48 Figure 1 1 Insta lled Transce iver 3.1.3.2 T ransceiver Removal Use the following steps to remove a mini-GBIC transceiver (SFP modul e). 1 Open the transceiver ’ s latch (latch styles vary).
Chapter 3 Hardware Overview GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 49 Figure 14 Rear Panel: GS- 4012F Figure 15 Rear Panel: GS- 4024 Figure 16 Rear Panel: GS-4012F (DC Mod el) Figure 17 Rear Panel: GS-4024 (DC Mode l) 3.2.1 Power Connector Make sure you are using the correct power source as shown on the panel.
Chapter 3 Hard ware Overview GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 50 3.3 LEDs The following table describes the LEDs. T able 2 LEDs LED COLOR ST A TUS DESCRIPTION BPS Green Blinking The system is receivi ng power from the backup power s u pply . On The backup power supply is connected and active.
Chapter 3 Hardware Overview GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 51 ACT Green Blinking The po rt is sending or receiving data. Off The port is not sending or receiving data or there is no connection. Gigabit Ethernet Ports (Part of Dual Personality Interface ) 1000 Green Blinking The port is se nding/receiving data.
Chapter 3 Hard ware Overview GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 52.
53 P ART II Basic Configuration The W eb Configurator (55 ) Initial Setup Example (65) System Status and Port S tatistics (71) Basic Setting (77).
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GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 55 C HAPTER 4 The Web Configurator This section introduces the con figuration and functions of the web config urator . 4.1 Introduction The web configurator is an HTML-based mana ge ment interface that a llows easy Switch setup and management via Interne t browser .
Chapter 4 The Web Configurator GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 56 Figure 18 Web Configura t or: Login 4 Click OK to view the first w eb configurator screen. 4.3 The St atus Screen The St a t u s screen is the firs t screen that displa ys when you acces s the web configurator .
Chapter 4 The Web Configurator GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 57 C - Click this link to go to the status page of the Switch. D - Click this link to logout of the web configurator . E - Click this link to display web help pages. Th e help pages provide d escriptions for all of the configuration screens.
Chapter 4 The Web Configurator GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 58 The following table lists the various web configurator screens within the sub-links. T able 4 W eb Configurat or Screen Sub -links Detai.
Chapter 4 The Web Configurator GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 59 The following table describes the links in the navigation panel. T able 5 Navigation Panel Links LINK DESCRIPTION Basic Settings System Info This link takes you to a scr een that displays general system and hardware monitoring information.
Chapter 4 The Web Configurator GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 60 Auth and Acct This link takes you to a scr een where yo u can configure authentica tion and accounting services via external servers.
Chapter 4 The Web Configurator GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 61 4.3.1 Change Y our Password After you log in for the first time, it is reco mmended y ou change the default administrator password. Click Management , Access Control and then Logins to display the next screen.
Chapter 4 The Web Configurator GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 62 6 Forget the password and/or IP address. 7 Prevent all services from accessing the Switch. 8 Change a service port nu mber but forget it. " Be careful not to lock y ourself and others out of the Switch.
Chapter 4 The Web Configurator GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 63 Figure 21 Resetting the Switch: V ia the Console Port The Switch is now reinitialized wi th a defau lt configuration file including the default password of “1234”. 4.7 Logging Out of the W eb Configurator Click Logout in a screen to exit the web configurator .
Chapter 4 The Web Configurator GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 64.
GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 65 C HAPTER 5 Initial Setup Example This chapter shows how to set up the Switch for an example network. 5.1 Overview The following lists the configura tion steps for the example network: • Configure an IP interface • Configure DHCP server settings • Create a V LAN • Set port VLAN ID • Enable RIP 5.
Chapter 5 Initial Set up Example GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 66 2 Open your web browser and enter 19 2.168.0.1 (the default MGMT port IP address) in the address bar to access the web configurat or . See Section 4.2 on page 55 for more information. 3 Click Basic Setting and IP Setup in the navigation panel.
Chapter 5 Initial Set up Example GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 67 5.1.3 Creating a VLAN VLANs confine broadcast frames to the VLAN gr oup in which the port(s) belongs. Y ou can do this with port-based VLAN or tagged static VLAN with fixed port members.
Chapter 5 Initial Set up Example GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 68 " The VLAN Group ID field in this screen and the VID field in the IP Se tup screen refer to t he same VLAN ID. 3 Since the VLAN2 network is connected to port 1 on the Switch, select Fixed to configure port 1 to be a permanent member of the VLAN only .
Chapter 5 Initial Set up Example GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 69 5.1.5 Enabling RIP T o exchange routing information with other ro uting devices across different routing domains , enable RIP (Routing Inform ation Protocol) in the RIP screen. 1 Click IP Application > RIP in the navigation panel.
Chapter 5 Initial Set up Example GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 70.
GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 71 C HAPTER 6 System Status and Port Statistics This chapter describes the system status (web configurator ho me page) and port details screens. 6.1 Overview The home screen of the web configurato r displays a port statistical summary with links to each port showing statistical details.
Chapter 6 S ystem Status and Port Statist ics GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 72 6.2.1 St atus: Port Det ails Click a number in the Port column in the St a t u s screen to display indivi dual port statistics. Use this screen to check status and detailed performance data about an individual port on the Switch.
Chapter 6 System Status and Port Statistics GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 73 Figure 27 S tatus > Port Det ails The following table describes the labels in this screen. T able 7 S tatus: Port Details LABEL DESCRIPTION Port Info Port NO. T his field displays the port number you a re viewing.
Chapter 6 S ystem Status and Port Statist ics GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 74 Up T ime This field shows the total amount of time the connection has been up. Tx Packet The following fields display detailed information about packets transmitted. TX Packet This field shows the number of good packet s (unicast, mu lticast and broadcast) transmitted.
Chapter 6 System Status and Port Statistics GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 75 512-1023 This field shows the number of packets (including bad packets) received that were between 512 and 1023 octets in length . 1024- 1518 This field shows the number of packets (including bad packet s) received tha t were between 1024 and 1518 octe ts in length.
Chapter 6 S ystem Status and Port Statist ics GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 76.
GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 77 C HAPTER 7 Basic Setting This chapter describes how to configure the System Info, General Setup , Switch Setup , IP Setup and Port Setup screens. 7.1 Overview The System Info screen displays general Switch inform ation (such as firmware version number) and hardware polling inform ation (such as fan speeds).
Chapter 7 Basic Setting GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 78 Figure 28 System Info The following table describes the labels in this screen. T able 8 S ystem Info LABEL DESCRIPTION System Name This field displays th e descriptive name of the Switch for identification purp oses.
Chapter 7 Basic Setting GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 79 7.3 General Setup Use this screen to configure general settings such as the system name and time. Cl ick Basic Setting > General Setup in the navigation panel to di splay the screen as shown.
Chapter 7 Basic Setting GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 80 The following table describes the labels in this screen. T able 9 B asic Setting > General Setup LABEL DESCRIPTION System Name Choose a descriptive name fo r identifi cati on purposes. This name consists of up to 64 printable characters; spaces are allowed.
Chapter 7 Basic Setting GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 81 7.4 Introduction to VLANs A VLAN (V irtual Local Area Network) allows a physical network to be partitioned into multiple logical networks. Device s on a logical network belong to one group. A device can belong to more than one group.
Chapter 7 Basic Setting GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 82 Figure 30 Basic Setting > Switch Setup The following table describes the labels in this screen. T able 10 Basic Setting > Switch Setup LABEL DESCRIPTION VLAN T ype Choose 802.1Q or Por t Based .
Chapter 7 Basic Setting GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 83 7.6 IP Setup Use the IP Setup screen to configure the default gate way device, the default domain name server and add IP domains. 7.6.1 IP Interfaces The Switch needs an IP address for it to be mana ged over the network.
Chapter 7 Basic Setting GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 84 Figure 31 Basic Setting > IP Setup The following table describes the labels in this screen. Ta b l e 1 1 Basic Setting > IP Setup LABEL DESCRIPTION Default Gateway Enter the IP address of the default outgoi ng gateway in dotted decimal notation, for example 192.
Chapter 7 Basic Setting GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 85 7.7 Port Setup Use this screen to configure Switch port settings.Click Basic Setting and then Port Setup in the navigation panel to display the configuration screen. Apply Click Apply to save your changes to the Switch ’s run-time memory .
Chapter 7 Basic Setting GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 86 Figure 32 Basic Setting > Port Setup The following table describes the labels in this screen. T able 12 Basic Setting > Port Setup LABEL DESCRIPTION Port This is the port index numbe r . * Settings in this row apply to all port s.
Chapter 7 Basic Setting GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 87 Flow Control A concentration of traffic on a port decreases port bandwidth and overflows buffer memory causing packet discards and frame losses. Flow Control is used to regul ate transmission of signals to match the bandwidth of the receiving port.
Chapter 7 Basic Setting GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 88.
89 P ART III Advanced VLAN (91) Stat ic MAC Forward Setup (105) Filtering (107) Spanning T ree Protocol (109) Bandwidth Control (127) Broadcast Storm Control (129) Mirroring (131) Link Aggregation (13.
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GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 91 C HAPTER 8 VLAN The type of screen you see here depends o n the VLAN T ype you selected in the Switch Setup screen. This chapter shows you how to conf igure 802.1Q tagge d and port-based VLANs. 8.1 Introduction to IEEE 802.
Chapter 8 VLAN GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 92 8.2 Automatic VLAN Registration GARP and GVRP are the protocols used to auto matically register VLAN membership acros s switches.
Chapter 8 VLAN GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 93 8.3 Port VLAN T runking Enable VLAN T runking on a port to allow frames belong ing to unknown VLAN groups to pass through that port. This is useful if yo u want to set up VLAN groups on end devices without having to configure the same VLAN groups on intermediary devices.
Chapter 8 VLAN GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 94 8.5.1 St atic VLAN S tatus See Section 8.1 on page 9 1 for more information on Stat ic VLAN. Click Advanced Application > VLAN from the navigation panel to display the VLAN S tatus screen as shown next.
Chapter 8 VLAN GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 95 The following table describes the labels in this screen. 8.5.3 Configure a St atic VLAN Use this screen to configure and view 80 2.1Q VLAN parameters for the Switch. See Section 8.1 on page 91 for more information on static VLAN.
Chapter 8 VLAN GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 96 The following table describes the rela ted labels in this screen. 8.5.4 Configure VLAN Port Settings Use the VLAN Port Setting screen to configure the static VLAN (IEEE 802.1Q) settings on a port. See Section 8.
Chapter 8 VLAN GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 97 Figure 38 Advanced Application > VL AN > VLAN Port Setting The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Chapter 8 VLAN GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 98 8.6 Subnet Based VLANs Subnet based VLANs allow yo u to group traffi c into logical VLANs based on the source IP subnet you specify . When a frame is received on a port, the Switch checks if a tag is added already and the IP subnet it came from.
Chapter 8 VLAN GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 99 8.7 Configuring Subnet Based VLAN Click Subnet Based VLAN in the VLAN Port Setting screen to display the configuration screen as shown. " Subnet based VLAN applie s to un-tagged p ackets and is applicable only when you use IEEE 802.
Chapter 8 VLAN GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 100 8.8 Port-based VLAN Setup Port-based VLANs are VLANs where the packet forwarding de cision is based on the destination MAC address and its associated port. Port-based VLANs require allowed outgoing ports to be defined for each port.
Chapter 8 VLAN GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 101 " In screens (such as IP Setup and Filtering ) that require a VID, you must enter 1 as the VID. The port-based VLAN setup sc reen is shown next. The CPU management port forms a VLAN with all Ethernet ports.
Chapter 8 VLAN GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 102 Figure 42 Port Based VLAN Setu p (Port Isolation) The following table describes the labels in this screen. T able 19 Port Based VLAN Setup label Description Setting Wizard Choo se All connected or Po rt isolation .
Chapter 8 VLAN GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 103 Outgoing These are the egress ports; an egress port is an outgoing port, that is, a port through which a data packet leaves. If you wish to allow two subscriber p orts to talk to each other , you must define the eg ress port for both ports.
Chapter 8 VLAN GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 104.
GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 105 C HAPTER 9 Static MAC Forward Setup Use these screens to configure static MAC address forwarding. 9.1 Overview This chapter discusses how to configure forwarding rules based on MAC addresses of device s on your network.
Chapter 9 Static MAC Forward Setup GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 106 The following table describes the labels in this screen. T able 20 Advanced Application > S tatic MAC Forwardin g LABEL DESCRIPTION Active Select this check box to activate your rule.
GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 107 C HAPTER 10 Filtering This chapter discusses MAC address port filtering. 10.1 Configure a Filtering Rule Filtering means sifting traffic going through the Switch based on the sour ce and/or destination MAC addresses and VLAN group (ID).
Chapter 10 Filtering GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 108 Action Select Discard source to drop frame from the source MAC address (sp ecified in the MAC field). The Switch can still send frames to the MAC address. Select Discard destination to drop frames to the destination MAC address (specified in the MAC address).
GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 109 C HAPTER 11 Spanning Tree Protocol The Switch supports Spanning T ree Protocol (STP), Rapid Spanning T ree Protocol (RSTP) and Multiple Spanning T ree Protocol (MSTP) as defined in the followi ng standards. • IEEE 802.
Chapter 11 Spanning T ree Protoc ol GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 11 0 Path cost is the cost of tr ansmitting a frame onto a LAN thro ugh that port. The recommended cost is assigned according to the speed of the link to which a port is attached. The slower the media, the higher the cost.
Chapter 11 Spanning T ree Protoc ol GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 111 1 1.1.3 STP Port St ates STP assigns five port states to eliminate packet looping. A bridge port is not allowed to go directly from blocking state to forwarding st ate so as to eliminate transient loops.
Chapter 11 Spanning T ree Protoc ol GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 11 2 1 1.1.5 Multiple STP Multiple Spanning T ree Protocol (IEEE 802.1s ) is backward compatible with STP/RSTP and addresses the limit.
Chapter 11 Spanning T ree Protoc ol GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 11 3 Figure 47 MSTP Network Example 1 1.1.5.2 MST Regio n An MST region is a logical grouping of multiple network devices that appears as a single device to the rest of the network. Each MS TP-enabled device can only belong to one MST region.
Chapter 11 Spanning T ree Protoc ol GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 11 4 Figure 48 MSTIs in Different Regions 1 1.1.5.4 Co mmon and Internal Sp anning T ree (CIST) A CIST represents the connectivity of the entire ne twork and it is equivalent to a spanning tree in an STP/RSTP .
Chapter 11 Spanning T ree Protoc ol GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 11 5 Figure 50 Advanced Application > S pa n ning T ree Protocol This screen differs depending on which STP mode (RSTP , MRSTP or MSTP) y ou configure on the Switch. This screen is described in detail in the sectio n that follows the configuration section for each STP mode.
Chapter 11 Spanning T ree Protoc ol GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 11 6 1 1.4 Configure Rapid Sp a nning T ree Protocol Use this screen to configure RSTP settings, see Section 11.1 on page 109 for more information on RSTP . Click RSTP in the Advanced Application > Spanning T ree Pr otocol screen.
Chapter 11 Spanning T ree Protoc ol GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 11 7 1 1.5 Rapid Sp anning T r ee Protocol St atus Click Advanced App lication > Spanning T ree Protocol in the navigation panel to display the status screen as shown next. See Section 1 1.
Chapter 11 Spanning T ree Protoc ol GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 11 8 " This screen is only available afte r you activate RS TP on the Switch. Figure 53 Advanced Application > S pann ing Tree Protocol > S t atus: RSTP The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Chapter 11 Spanning T ree Protoc ol GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 11 9 1 1.6 Configure Multiple Rapid Sp anning T ree Protocol T o configure MRSTP , click MRSTP in the Advanced Application > Spanning T ree Pro tocol screen. Se e Section 1 1.1 on page 109 for more information on MRSTP .
Chapter 11 Spanning T ree Protoc ol GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 120 1 1.7 Multiple Rapid Sp anning T r ee Protocol St atus Click Advanced App lication > Spanning T ree Protocol in the navigation panel t o display the status screen as shown next. See Section 1 1.
Chapter 11 Spanning T ree Protoc ol GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 121 " This screen is only available afte r you activate MR STP on the Switch. Figure 55 Advanced Application > S pa n ning T ree Protocol > S tatus: MRSTP The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Chapter 11 Spanning T ree Protoc ol GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 122 1 1.8 Configure Multiple Sp anning T ree Protocol T o configure MSTP , click MSTP in the Advanced Application > Spanning T ree Pr otocol screen. See Section 1 1.1.5 on page 1 12 for mor e information on MSTP .
Chapter 11 Spanning T ree Protoc ol GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 123 The following table describes the labels in this screen. T able 29 Advanc ed Application > S panning T r ee Protocol > MSTP LABEL DESCRIPTION S tatus Click St a tu s to display the MSTP St atus screen (see Figure 57 on page 125 ).
Chapter 11 Spanning T ree Protoc ol GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 124 1 1.9 Multiple Sp anning T ree Protocol St atus Click Advanced App lication > Spanning T ree Protocol in the navigation panel t o display the status screen as shown next. See Section 1 1.
Chapter 11 Spanning T ree Protoc ol GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 125 " This screen is only available afte r you activate MSTP on the Switch. Figure 57 Advanced Application > S pa n ning T ree Protocol > S tatus: MSTP The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Chapter 11 Spanning T ree Protoc ol GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 126 Forwarding Delay (secon d) This is the time (in seconds) the root swit ch will wait before changing states (that is, listening to learning to forwarding ). Cost to Bridge This is the p ath cost from the root port on this Switch to the root switch.
GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 127 C HAPTER 12 Bandwidth Control This chapter shows you h ow you can cap the maximum bandwi dth using the Bandwidth Control screen. 12.1 Bandwid th Control Overview Bandwidth control mean s defining a maximum allowable bandwidth for incoming and/or out- going traf fic flows on a port.
Chapter 12 Bandwidth Control GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 128 Figure 58 Advanced Application > Bandwidth Control The following table describes the re lated labels in this screen. T able 31 Advanc ed Application > Bandwidth Control LABEL DESCRIPTION Active Select this check box to enable bandwidth control on th e Switch.
GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 129 C HAPTER 13 Broadcast Storm Control This chapter introduces and sh ows you how to configure the broadcast storm co ntrol feature.
Chapter 13 Broadcast Storm Control GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 130 The following table describes the labels in this screen. T able 32 Advanc ed Application > Broadcast Storm Control LABEL DESCRIPTION Active Select this check box to enable traf fic storm control on the Switch.
GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 131 C HAPTER 14 Mirroring This chapter discusses port mirroring setup screens. 14.1 Port Mirroring Setup Port mirroring allows you to copy a traffic flow to a monitor port (the port you copy the traffi c to) in order that you can examine the traffi c from the monitor port without interference.
Chapter 14 Mirr oring GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 132 The following table describes the labels in this screen. T able 33 Advanc ed Application > Mirroring LABEL DESCRIPTION Active Select this chec k box to activate port mirroring on the Switch. Clear this check box to disable the featu re.
GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 133 C HAPTER 15 Link Aggregation This chapter shows you how to logically aggreg ate physical links to form one logical, high er- bandwidth link. 15.1 Link Aggregation Overview Link aggregation (trunking) is the grouping of physical ports into one logical higher -c apacity link.
Chapter 15 Link Aggregation GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 134 • Y ou must connect all ports point-to-point to the same Ethernet sw itch and configure the ports for LACP trunking. • LACP only works on full-duplex links. • All ports in the same trunk group must have the same media type, speed, duplex mode and flow control settings.
Chapter 15 Link Aggregation GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 135 15.4 Link Aggregation Setting Click Advanced App lication > Link Aggregation > Link Aggr egation Setting to display the screen shown next. See Section 15.1 on p age 133 for more information on link aggregation.
Chapter 15 Link Aggregation GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 136 The following table describes the labels in this screen. 15.5 Link Aggregation Control Protocol Click Advanced App lication > Link Aggregation > Link Aggr egation Setting > LACP to display the screen shown next.
Chapter 15 Link Aggregation GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 137 Figure 63 Advanced Application > Link Aggregatio n > Link Aggre gation Setting > LACP The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Chapter 15 Link Aggregation GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 138 15.6 S t atic T runking Example This example shows you how to create a static port trunk group for ports 2-5. 1 Make your physi cal conn ections - make sure that the ports that you want to belong to the trunk group are connected to the same de stination.
Chapter 15 Link Aggregation GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 139 Figure 65 T runking Example - Configuration Screen Y our trunk group 1 ( T1 ) configuration is now complete; you do not need to go to any additional screens.
Chapter 15 Link Aggregation GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 140.
GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 141 C HAPTER 16 Port Authentication This chapter describes the IEEE 802. 1x and MAC authentication methods. 16.1 Port Authentication Overview Port authentication is a way to validate access to ports on the Switch to clients based on an external server (authentication server).
Chapter 16 Port Authentication GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 142 Figure 66 IEEE 802.1x Authentic ation Process 16.1.2 MAC Authentication MAC authentication works in a very similar wa y to IEEE 802.1x authentication. The main difference is that the Switch does not prompt the client for login credentials.
Chapter 16 Port Au thentication GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 143 16.2 Port Authentication Configuration T o enable port authentication, first activate the port authentica tion method(s) you want to use (both on the Switch and the port(s)) then co nfigure the RADIUS server settings in the Auth and Acct > Radius Server Setup screen.
Chapter 16 Port Authentication GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 144 The following table describes the labels in this screen. 16.2.2 Activate MAC Authentication Use this screen to activate MAC authentication. In the Port Authentication screen click MAC Authentication to display the configuratio n screen as shown.
Chapter 16 Port Au thentication GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 145 Figure 70 Advanced Application > Port Au thentication > MAC Authentication The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Chapter 16 Port Authentication GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 146 * Use this row to make the setting the same for al l ports. Use this row first a nd then make adjustments on a port-by-port basis. Note: Changes in this row are copied to all the port s as soon as you make them.
GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 147 C HAPTER 17 Port Security This chapter shows you how to set up port security . 17.1 About Port Security Port security allows only packets w ith dynami cally learned MAC addresses and/or configured static MAC addresses to pass through a port on the Switch.
Chapter 17 Port Secu rity GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 148 Figure 71 Advanced Application > Port Security The following table describes the labels in this screen. T able 41 Advanced Application > Port Security LABEL DESCRIPTION Active Select this option to enable port security on the Switch.
Chapter 17 Port Security GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 149 Apply Click Apply to save your changes to the Switch’s run-time memory . The Switch loses these changes if it i s turned off or loses powe r , so use the Save link on th e top navigation panel to save your changes to the non-volatile memory whe n you are done configuring.
Chapter 17 Port Secu rity GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 150.
GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 151 C HAPTER 18 Classifier This chapter introduces and shows you how to configure the packet cl assifier on the Switch. 18.
Chapter 18 Classifier GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 152 Figure 72 Advanced Application > Classifier The following table describes the labels in this screen. T able 42 Advanc ed Applicat ion > Classifier LABEL DESCRIPTION Active Select this optio n to enable this rule.
Chapter 18 Classifier GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 153 Ethernet Ty p e Select an Ethernet type or select Other and enter the Ethernet type number in hexadecimal value. Refer to T able 44 on page 154 for information. Source MAC Address Select Any to apply the rule to all MAC addresses.
Chapter 18 Classifier GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 154 18.3 V iewing and Editing Classifier Configuration T o view a summary of the classifier configuration, scroll down to th e summar y table at the bottom of the Clas sifier screen. T o change the settings of a rule, click a number in the Index field.
Chapter 18 Classifier GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 155 Some of the most common IP ports are: 18.4 Classifier Example The following screen shows an example where yo u configure a classifier that identifies all traffic from MAC address 00:50:ba:ad:4f:81 on port 2.
Chapter 18 Classifier GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 156 Figure 74 Classifier: Example.
GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 157 C HAPTER 19 Policy Rule This chapter shows you how to configure policy rules. 19.1 Policy Rules Overview A classifier distinguishes traffic into flows based on the configured criteria (refer to Chapter 18 on page 151 for more information).
Chapter 19 Policy Rule GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 158 19.2 Configuring Policy Rules Y ou must first configure a classifier in the Classifier screen. Refer to Section 18.2 on page 151 for more information. Click Advanced App lications > Policy Rule in the navigation panel to display the screen as shown.
Chapter 19 Policy Rule GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 159 The following table describes the labels in this screen. T able 46 Advanc ed Applicat ion > Policy Rule LABEL DESCRIPTION Active Select this option to enable the policy . Name Enter a descriptive name for identification purposes.
Chapter 19 Policy Rule GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 160 19.3 V iewing and Editing Policy Configuration T o view a summary of the classifier configuration, scroll down to th e summar y table at the bottom of the Policy screen. T o change the settings of a rule, click a number in the Index field.
Chapter 19 Policy Rule GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 161 19.4 Policy Example The figure below shows an example Policy screen where you configure a policy to limit bandwidth and discard out-of-profile traffi c on a traf fic flow cla ssified using the Example classifier (refer to Section 18.
Chapter 19 Policy Rule GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 162.
GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 163 C HAPTER 20 Queuing Method This chapter introduces th e queuing methods sup ported. 20.1 Queuing Method Overview Queuing is used to help solve performance degradation when there is network congestion. Use the Queuing Method screen to configure queuing algorithms for outgoing traf fic.
Chapter 20 Que uing Method GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 164 20.2 Configuring Queuing Click Advanced App lication , Queuing Method in the navigation panel. Figure 78 Queuing M ethod The following table describes the labels in this screen. T able 48 Queuing Method LABEL DESCRIPTION Port This label shows the port you are co nfiguring.
GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 165 C HAPTER 21 VLAN Stacking This chapter shows you h o w to configure VLAN stacking on your Switch. See the chapter on VLANs for more background informatio n on V irtual LAN 21.
Chapter 21 VLAN Stacking GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 166 Figure 79 VLAN S tacking Exam ple 21.2 VLAN S tacking Port Roles Each port can have three VLAN stacking “roles”, Normal , Access Port and T unnel (the latter is for Gigabit ports only). • Select Normal for “regular” (non-VLAN stacking) IEEE 802.
Chapter 21 VLAN Stacking GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 167 21.3 VLAN T ag Format A VLAN tag (service provider VLAN stacking or customer IEEE 802.1Q) consists of the following three fields. Ty p e is a standard Ethernet type code identifyi ng the frame and indicates that whether the frame carries IEEE 802.
Chapter 21 VLAN Stacking GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 168 21.4 Configuring VLAN S t acking Click Advanced App lications > VLAN S tacking to display the screen as show n. Figure 80 Advanced Application > VLAN S tacking The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Chapter 21 VLAN Stacking GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 169 Role Select Normal to have th e Switch ignore frames received (or transmitted) on this port with VLAN stacking tags. Anything you configure in SPVID and Priority are ignored. Note: The Normal option is only sup ported on the GS-4012F model.
Chapter 21 VLAN Stacking GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 170.
GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 171 C HAPTER 22 Multicast This chapter shows you how to conf igure various multicast features. 22.1 Multicast Overview T raditionally , IP packets are transmitted in one of either two ways - Unicast (1 sender to 1 recipient) or Broadcast (1 sender to everybod y on the network).
Chapter 22 Multicast GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 172 The Switch forwards multicast tr affic destined for multicast gr oups (that it has learned from IGMP snooping or that you have manually configured) to ports that are members of that group.
Chapter 22 Multicast GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 173 Figure 82 Advanced Application > Mult icast > Multicast Setting The following table describes the labels in this screen. T able 54 Advanced Application > Mult icast > Multicast S etting LABEL DESCRIPTION IGMP Snooping Use these settings to configure IGMP Snooping.
Chapter 22 Multicast GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 174 22.4 IGMP Snooping VLAN Click Advanced Applications > Multicast in the navigation panel. Click the Multicast Setting link and then the IGMP Snooping VLAN link to display the screen as shown. See Section 22.
Chapter 22 Multicast GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 175 Figure 83 Advanced Application > Multicast > Mult icast Setting > IGMP Snooping VLAN The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Chapter 22 Multicast GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 176 22.5 IGMP Filtering Profile An IGMP filtering profile specif ies a range of multicas t groups that clients connected to the Switch are able to join. A profile contains a range of multicast IP addresses which you want clients to be able to join.
Chapter 22 Multicast GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 177 22.6 MVR Overview Multicast VLAN Registration (MVR) is designed for applications (such as M e dia-on-Demand (MoD)) that use multicast traffi c across an Ethe rnet ring-based servic e provider network.
Chapter 22 Multicast GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 178 22.6.2 MVR Modes Y ou can set your Switch to operate in either dynamic or compatible mode. In dynamic mo de, the Switch send s IGMP leave and join reports to the other multicas t devices (such as multicast routers or servers) in the mu lticast VLAN.
Chapter 22 Multicast GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 179 " Y our Switch automatically creates a st atic VLAN (with th e same VID) when you create a multicast VLAN in this screen. Figure 87 Advanced Application > Multic ast > Multicast Setting > MVR The following table describes the re lated labels in this screen.
Chapter 22 Multicast GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 180 22.8 MVR Group Configuration All source ports and receiver ports belonging to a multicast group can receive multicast data sent to this multicast group. Configure MVR IP multicast group address(es) in the Group Configuration screen.
Chapter 22 Multicast GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 181 Figure 88 Advanced Application > Multicast > Multic ast Setting > MVR: Group Configuration The following table describes the labels in this screen. 22.8.1 MVR Conf iguration Example The following figure shows a n e twork example where ports 1, 2 and 3 on the Switch belong to VLAN 1.
Chapter 22 Multicast GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 182 Figure 89 MVR Configuration Example T o configure the MVR settings on the Switch, create a multic ast group in the MVR screen and set the receiver and source ports.
Chapter 22 Multicast GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 183 Figure 92 MVR Group Configuration Exampl e.
Chapter 22 Multicast GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 184.
GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 185 C HAPTER 23 Authentication & Accounting This chapter describes how to configure authen tication and accounting settings on the Switch. 23.1 Authentication, Auth orization and Accounting Authentication is the process of determining who a user is and validating access to the Switch.
Chapter 23 Authen tication & Accounting GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 186 23.1.2 RADIUS and T ACACS+ RADIUS and T ACACS+ are security protocols used to authenticate users by means of an external server instead of (or in addition to) an internal device user data base that is limited to the memory capacity of the device.
Chapter 23 Authentication & Accounting GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 187 Figure 95 Advanced Application > Auth an d Acct > RADIUS Server Setup The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Chapter 23 Authen tication & Accounting GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 188 23.2.2 T ACACS+ Server Setup Use this screen to configure your T ACACS+ server settings.
Chapter 23 Authentication & Accounting GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 189 Figure 96 Advanced Application > Auth an d Acct > T ACACS+ Server Setup The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Chapter 23 Authen tication & Accounting GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 190 23.2.3 Authentication an d Accounting Setup Use this screen to configure authentication a nd accounting settings on th e Switch. Click on the Auth and Acct Setup link in the Authentication and Accounting screen to view the screen as shown.
Chapter 23 Authentication & Accounting GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 191 Figure 97 Advanced Application > Auth and Acct > Auth and Acct Setup The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Chapter 23 Authen tication & Accounting GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 192 Login The se fields specify which database the S witch sho uld use (first, second and th ird) to authenticate administrator accounts (users for Switch management). Configure the local user accounts in the Access Control > Logins screen .
Chapter 23 Authentication & Accounting GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 193 23.2.4 V endor Specific Attribute RFC 2865 standard specifies a method for sending vendor -sp ecific information between a RADIUS server and a network acce ss device (for example, the Switch).
Chapter 23 Authen tication & Accounting GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 194 23.2.4.1 T unnel Protocol Attribute Y ou can configure tunnel protocol attributes on the RADIUS server (refer to your RADIUS server documentation) to assign a port on the Switch to a VLAN based on IEEE 802.
Chapter 23 Authentication & Accounting GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 195 23.3.1 Attributes U sed for Authentication The following sections list the attributes sent from the Switch to the RADIUS server when performing authentication.
Chapter 23 Authen tication & Accounting GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 196 23.3.2.2 Attributes Used for Acc ounting Exec Events The attributes are listed in th e following table along with the time.
Chapter 23 Authentication & Accounting GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 197 Calling-S tation-Id DD D NAS-Identifier DD D NAS-Port-T ype DD D Acct-S tatus-T ype DD D Acct-Delay-T ime DD D Acct-Session.
Chapter 23 Authen tication & Accounting GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 198.
GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 199 C HAPTER 24 IP Source Guard Use IP source guard to filter unauthorized DHCP and ARP packets in your network. 24.1 IP Source Guard Overview IP source guard u s es a binding tabl e to distinguish between authorized and unauthorized DHCP and ARP packets in your network.
Chapter 24 IP Source G uard GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 200 T rusted ports are connected to DHCP servers or other switches. The Switch discards DHCP packets from trusted ports only if the rate at which DHCP packets arrive is too high. The Switch learns dynamic bindings from trusted ports.
Chapter 24 IP Source Guard GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 201 24.1.1.3 DHCP Relay Option 82 Informa tion The Switch can add information to DHCP requests that it does not discard. This provides the DHCP server more information about the source of the requests.
Chapter 24 IP Source G uard GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 202 24.1.2.1 ARP Inspection and MAC Address Filters When the Switch identifies an unauthorized ARP packet, it automatically creates a MAC address filter to block traffic from the source MAC address and source VLAN ID of the unauthorized ARP packet.
Chapter 24 IP Source Guard GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 203 24.2 IP Source Guard Use this screen to look at the current bi ndings for DHCP snooping and ARP inspection. Bindings are used by DHCP snoo ping and ARP inspection to distinguis h between authorized and unauthorized packets in the network.
Chapter 24 IP Source G uard GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 204 Figure 101 IP Source Guard S tatic Binding The following table describes the labels in this screen. T able 69 IP Source Guard Static Binding LABEL DESCRIPTION MAC Address Enter the source MAC add ress in the binding.
Chapter 24 IP Source Guard GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 205 24.4 DHCP Snooping Use this screen to look at various statistics ab ou t the DHCP snooping da tabase. T o open this screen, click Advanced Application > IP Sour ce Guard > DHCP Snooping .
Chapter 24 IP Source G uard GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 206 The following table describes the labels in this screen. T able 70 DHCP Snooping LABEL DESCRIPTION Dat abase S tatus This section displays the current settings for the DHCP snoo ping database.
Chapter 24 IP Source Guard GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 207 Successful writes Thi s field displays the nu mber of times the Switch updated the bindings in the DHCP snooping da tabase successfully . Failed writes This field displays the numb er of times the Sw itch was unable to update the bindings in the DHCP snooping database.
Chapter 24 IP Source G uard GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 208 24.5 DHCP Snooping Configure Use this scr een to enable DHCP snoo ping on the Switch (not on specific VLAN), specify the VLAN where the default DHCP server is located, and configure the DHCP snooping database.
Chapter 24 IP Source Guard GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 209 24.5.1 DHCP Snoopi ng Port Configure Use this screen to specify whether ports are tr usted or untrusted ports for DHCP snoopin g . " The Switch will drop al l DHCP requests if you enable DHCP sn ooping and there are no trusted ports.
Chapter 24 IP Source G uard GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 210 Figure 104 DHCP Snooping Port Configure The following table describes the labels in this screen. T able 72 DHCP Snooping Port Configure LABEL DESCRIPTION Port This field displays the port number .
Chapter 24 IP Source Guard GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 21 1 24.5.2 DHCP Snoo ping VLAN Configure Use this scr een to enable DHCP snoo ping on each VLAN and to specify whether or not the Switch adds DHCP relay agen t option 82 informat ion ( Chap ter 33 on page 259 ) to DHCP requests that the Switch relays to a DHCP serve r for each VLAN.
Chapter 24 IP Source G uard GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 212 24.6 ARP Inspection St atus Use this screen to look at the current list of MAC address f ilters that were cr eated because the Switch identified an unauthoriz ed A RP packet.
Chapter 24 IP Source Guard GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 213 Figure 107 ARP Inspection VLAN S tatus The following table describes the labels in this screen. 24.6.2 ARP Inspection Log St atus Use this screen to look at log messages that we re generated by ARP packets and th at have not been sent to the syslog server ye t.
Chapter 24 IP Source G uard GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 214 Figure 108 ARP Inspection Log S tatus The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Chapter 24 IP Source Guard GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 215 24.7 ARP Inspection Configure Use this screen to enable ARP in spection on the Switch. Y ou can also configure the length of time the Switch stores records of discarded AR P packets and global settings for the ARP inspection log.
Chapter 24 IP Source G uard GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 216 24.7.1 ARP Inspection Port Configure Use this screen to specify whether ports are trus ted or untrusted ports for ARP inspection. Y ou can also specify the maximum rate at whic h the Switch receives ARP packets on each untrusted port.
Chapter 24 IP Source Guard GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 217 The following table describes the labels in this screen. 24.7.2 ARP Inspection VLAN Configure Use this screen to enable ARP inspection on each VLAN and to specify when the Switch generates log messages for receiving ARP packet s from each VLAN.
Chapter 24 IP Source G uard GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 218 The following table describes the labels in this screen. T able 79 ARP Inspec tion VLAN Configure LABEL DESCRIPTION VLAN Use this section to specify the VLANs you want to manage in the section below .
GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 219 C HAPTER 25 Loop Guard This chapter shows you how to configure the Switch to guard against loops on the edge of your network. 25.1 Loop Guard Overview Loop guard allows you to config ure the Switch to shut down a port if it detects that packets sent out on that port loop back to the Switch.
Chapter 25 Lo op Guard GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 220 The following figure shows port N on switch A connected to switch B . Switch B is in loop state. When broadcast or multicast packets leave port N and reach switch B , they are sent back to port N on A as they are rebroadcast from B.
Chapter 25 Loop Guar d GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 221 " After resolving the loop problem on your network you can re-activate the disabled port via the w eb configurator (see Section 7.7 on page 85 ) or via commands (see Section 45.12.4 on p age 368 ) .
Chapter 25 Lo op Guard GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 222 Active Select this check box to enable the loop guard feature on this port. The Switch sends probe packets from this port to check if the sw itch it is conn ected to is in loop state. If the switch that th is port is connected is in loop state the Switch will shut down this port.
223 P ART IV IP Application S tatic Route (225) RIP (227) OSPF (229) IGMP (241) DVMRP (245) IP Multicast (249) Differentiated Services (251) DHCP (259) VRRP (267).
224.
GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 225 C HAPTER 26 Static Route This chapter shows you how to configure static routes. 26.1 Configuring S tatic Routing Stat ic routes tell the Switch how to forward IP traffic when yo u configure the TCP/IP parameters manually .
Chapter 26 Static Rou te GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 226 Metric The metric represen ts the “cost” of transmission for rout ing purposes. IP ro uting uses hop count as the measurement of cost, wi th a minimum o f 1 for directly connected networks.
GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 227 C HAPTER 27 RIP This chapter shows you h o w to configure RIP (Routi ng Information Protocol). 27.1 RIP Overview RIP (Routing Information Protocol) allows a rou ting device to exchange routing information with other routers.
Chapter 27 RIP GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 228 Figure 1 18 RIP The following table describes the labels in this screen. T able 82 RIP LABEL DESCRIPTION Active Select this check box to enabl e RIP on the Switch. Index This field disp lays the index number of an IP interface.
GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 229 C HAPTER 28 OSPF This chapter describes the OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) routing protocol and shows you how to configure OSPF . 28.1 OSPF Overview OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) i s a link-state protocol designed to distribut e routing information within an autonomo us system (AS).
Chapter 28 OSPF GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 230 The following figure depicts an OSPF networ k example. The backbone is area 0 with a backbone router . The internal routers are in ar ea 1 and 2. The area border routers connect area 1 and 2 to the backbone.
Chapter 28 OSPF GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 231 Figure 120 OSPF Router Election Example Y ou can assign a priority to an interface which determines whether this router will be elected to be a DR or BDR. The router with the highes t priority becomes the DR , while a router with a priority of 0 does not particip ate in router elections.
Chapter 28 OSPF GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 232 Figure 121 OSPF S tatus The following table describes the labels in this screen. The following table describes some common output fields. T able 85 OSPF S tatus LABEL DESCRIPTION OSPF This field displays whether OSPF is activate d ( Running ) or not ( Down ).
Chapter 28 OSPF GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 233 28.3 OSPF Configuration Use this scree n to activate OSPF and set general setting s. Click IP Application , OSPF and the Configuration link to display the OSPF Configuration screen. S e e Section 28.1 on page 229 for more information on OSPF .
Chapter 28 OSPF GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 234 OSPF Configuration: Activ at ing and General Settings The follow table describes the related labels in this screen. T able 87 OSPF Configuration: Activating and General Settings LABEL DESCRIPTION Active OSPF is disabled by default.
Chapter 28 OSPF GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 235 28.4 Configure OSPF Areas T o ensure that the Switch receives only routin g information from a trusted layer 3 devices, activate authentication. The OSPF sup ports three authentication methods: • None – no authentication is used.
Chapter 28 OSPF GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 236 28.4.1 V iew OSPF Area Information T able The bottom of the OSPF Configuration screen displays a summary table of all the OSPF areas you have configured. Figure 123 OSPF Configuration: Summary T able The following table describes the re lated labels in this screen.
Chapter 28 OSPF GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 237 In the OSPF Configuration screen, click Interface to display the OSPF Interface screen. Figure 124 OSPF Interface The following table describes the labels in this screen. T able 90 OSPF Interfac e LABEL DESCRIPTION Network Select an IP interface.
Chapter 28 OSPF GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 238 28.6 OSPF V irtual-Links Configure and view virtual link settings in this screen. See Section 28.1 on page 229 for more information on OSPF . In the OSPF Configuration screen, click V irtual-Link to display the sc reen as shown next.
Chapter 28 OSPF GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 239 The following table describes the re lated labels in this screen. T able 91 OSPF Virtual-Link LABEL DESCRIPTION Name Enter a descriptive name (up to 32 prin table ASCII characters) for identification purposes.
Chapter 28 OSPF GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 240.
GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 241 C HAPTER 29 IGMP This chapter shows you how to conf igure the Switch as a multicast router . 29.1 IGMP Overview IP multicast is an IETF standard for distributi ng data to multiple recipients.
Chapter 29 IGM P GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 242 The Switch supports IGMP version 1 ( IGMP-v1 ), version 2 ( IGMP-v2 ) and IGMP version 3 ( IGMP-v3 ). Refer to RFC 1 1 12, RFC 2236 and RFC 3376 for informa tion on IGMP versions 1, 2 and 3 respectively .
Chapter 29 IGMP GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 243 IGMP version 3 allows a multicast host to join a multicast group and specify from which source (multicast server) it wants to receive multi cast packets. Alternatively , a multicast host can specify from which multicast servers it does not want to receive multic ast packets.
Chapter 29 IGM P GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 244 The following table describes the labels in this screen. T able 92 IP Application > IGMP LABEL DESCRIPTION Active Select this check box to enable IGMP on the Switch. Note: Y ou cannot enable both IGMP snooping and IGMP at the same time.
GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 245 C HAPTER 30 DVMRP This chapter introduces DVMRP an d tells you how to configure it. 30.1 DVMRP Overview DVMRP (Distance V ector Multicast Routing Protoc ol) is a protocol used for routing multicast data within an autonomous system (AS).
Chapter 30 DVMR P GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 246 Figure 131 How DVMRP Works 30.2.1 DVMRP T erminology DVMRP probes are used to discover other DVMRP Neighbors on a network.
Chapter 30 DVMRP GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 247 30.3.1 DVMRP Configuration Error Messages Y ou must have IGMP/RIP enabled when you en able DVMRP; otherwise you see the scre en as in the next figure. Figure 133 DVMRP: IGMP/RIP Not Set Error When you disable IGMP , but DVMRP is still active you also see another warning screen.
Chapter 30 DVMR P GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 248 30.4 Default DVMRP T imer V alues The following are some default DVMRP timer values. T able 94 DVMRP: Default Timer Values DVMRP FIELD DEFAULT V ALU.
GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 249 C HAPTER 31 IP Multicast This chapter shows you how to configure the IP Multicast screen. 31.1 IP Multicast Overview T raditionally , IP pack ets are transmitted in one of either tw o ways - Unicast (one sender to one recipient) or Broadcast (one sender to every body on the network).
Chapter 31 IP Multicast GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 250 The following table describes the labels in this screen. T able 95 IP Mult icast LABEL DESCRIPTION Port This read-only field displays the port number . * S ettings in this row apply to all ports.
GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 251 C HAPTER 32 Differentiated Services This chapter shows you how to configure Dif fe rentiated Services (DiffServ) on the Switch. 32.1 DiffServ Overview Quality of Service (QoS) is used to prioritize so urce-to-destination traffic flows.
Chapter 32 Differe ntiated Services GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 252 32.1.2 DiffServ Network Example The following figure depicts a DiffServ networ k consisting of a group of directly connected DiffServ-compliant network devices.
Chapter 32 Differentiated Se rvices GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 253 • Green (low loss priority level) packets are forwarded. TR TCM operates in one of two modes: color-bl ind or color-aware. In color-blind mode, packets are marked based on evaluating against the PIR and CIR regardless of if they have previously been marked or not.
Chapter 32 Differe ntiated Services GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 254 32.3 Activating DiffServ Activate DiffServ to apply marking rules or I EEE 802.1p pri o rity mapping on the selected port(s). Click IP Application > DiffServ in th e navigation panel to display the screen as sho w n.
Chapter 32 Differentiated Se rvices GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 255 " Y ou cannot enable both TRTCM and Bandwid th Control at the same time. Figure 142 IP Application > Dif fServ > 2-rate 3 Co lor Marker The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Chapter 32 Differe ntiated Services GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 256 32.4 DSCP-to-IEEE 802.1p Priority Settings Y ou can configure the DSCP to IEEE 80 2.1p ma pping to allow the Switch to prioritize all traffic based on the in coming DSCP value according to th e DiffServ to IEEE 802.
Chapter 32 Differentiated Se rvices GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 257 The following table describes the labels in this screen. T able 99 IP Application > DiffServ > DSCP Setting LABEL DESCRIPTION 0 … 63 This is the DSCP classification identification nu mber .
Chapter 32 Differe ntiated Services GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 258.
GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 259 C HAPTER 33 DHCP This chapter shows you how to configure the DHCP feature. 33.1 DHCP Overview DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol RFC 2131 and RFC 2132) allows individual computers to obtain TCP/IP configuration at start-up from a server .
Chapter 33 DHCP GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 260 33.2 DHCP S tatus Click IP Application > DHCP in the navigation panel. The DHCP S tatus screen displays. Figure 144 IP Application > DHCP S tatus The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Chapter 33 DHCP GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 261 The following table describes the labels in this screen. 33.4 DHCP Relay Configure DHCP relay on the Switch if the DH CP clients and the DHCP server are not in the same broadcast domain.
Chapter 33 DHCP GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 262 The DHCP Relay Agent Information feature adds an Agent Information field to the Option 82 field. The Option 82 field is in the DHCP headers of client DHCP request frames that the Switch relays to a DHCP server .
Chapter 33 DHCP GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 263 33.4.3 Global DHCP Re lay Configuration Example The follow figure shows a network exam ple where the Switch is us ed to relay DHCP reque sts for the VLAN1 and VLAN2 domains. There is only one DHCP server that s ervices the DHCP clients in both domains.
Chapter 33 DHCP GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 264 33.5 Configuring DHCP VLAN Settings Use this screen to configure your DHCP settin gs based on the VLAN domain of the DHCP clients. Click IP Application > DHCP in the navigation panel, then click the VLAN link In the DHCP S tatus screen that displays.
Chapter 33 DHCP GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 265 The following table describes the labels in this screen. T able 104 IP Application > DH CP > VLAN LABEL DESCRIPTION VID Enter the ID number of the VLAN to which these DHCP setting s apply .
Chapter 33 DHCP GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 266 33.5.1 Example: DHCP Relay for T wo VLANs The following examp le displays two VLANs (VIDs 1 and 2) for a campus network . T wo DHCP servers are installed to serve each VLAN. The system is set up to forward DHCP requests from the dormitory rooms (VLAN 1) to the DHCP server with an IP address of 192.
GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 267 C HAPTER 34 VRRP This chapter shows you how to configure and monitor the V irtual Router Redundan c y Protocol (VRRP) on the Switch. 34.1 VRRP Overview Each host on a network is configur ed to send pa ckets to a statically co nfigured default gateway (this Switch).
Chapter 34 VRRP GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 268 If switch A (the master router) is unavailable, switch B takes over . T raffic is then processed by switch B . 34.2 VRRP S tatus Click IP Application , VRRP in the navigation panel to display the VRRP S tatus screen as shown next.
Chapter 34 VR RP GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 269 34.3 VRRP Configuration The following sections describe the differen t parts of the VRR P Configuration screen. 34.3.1 IP Interface Setup Before configuring VRRP , first create an IP interface (or routing domain) in the IP Setup screen (see the Sectio n 7.
Chapter 34 VRRP GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 270 34.3.2 VRRP Parameters This section describes the VRRP parameters. 34.3.2.1 Advertisement Interval The master router sends out Hello messages to le t the other backup routers know that it is still up and running.
Chapter 34 VR RP GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 271 34.3.3 Configuring VRRP Parameters After you set up an IP interface, co nfigure the VRRP parameters in the VRRP Configuration screen. Figure 155 VRRP Configuration: VRRP Parameters The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Chapter 34 VRRP GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 272 34.4 VRRP Configuration Summary T o view a summary of all VRRP configurations on the Switch, scroll down to the bottom of the VRRP Configuration screen. Figure 156 VRRP Configuration: Summary The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Chapter 34 VR RP GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 273 Figure 157 VRRP Configuration Example: One V irtual Router Network Y ou want to set switch A as the master r outer . Configure the VRRP parameters in t h e VRRP Configuration screens on the switches as shown in the figures below .
Chapter 34 VRRP GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 274 Figure 161 VRRP Example 1: VRRP S tatus on Switch B 34.5.2 T wo Subn et s Example The following figure depicts an example in which two switches share the network traffic. Hosts in the two network g roups use different de faul t gateways.
Chapter 34 VR RP GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 275 Figure 164 VRRP Example 2: VRRP Parameter Settings for VR2 on Switch B After configuring and saving the VRRP config uration, the VRRP S tatus screens for both switches are shown next.
Chapter 34 VRRP GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 276.
277 P ART V Management, CLI, T roubleshooting Maintenance (279) Access Control (285) Diagnostic (303) Syslog (305) Cluster Managemen t (309) MAC T able (315) IP T able (317) ARP T able (319) Routing T.
278.
GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 279 C HAPTER 35 Maintenance This chapter explains how to configure the sc reens that let you maintain the firmware and configuration files. 35.1 The Maintenance Screen Use this screen to manage firmware and you r configuration files.
Chapter 35 Maintenance GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 280 35.2 Load Factory Default Follow the steps below to reset the Switch back to the factory defaults. 1 In the Maintenance screen, click the Click Here button next to Load Fact ory Default to clear all Switch configuration informatio n y ou configured and return t o the factory defaults.
Chapter 35 Maintenance GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 281 35.4 Reboot System Reboot System allows you to restart the Switch withou t physically turning the power off. It also allows you to lo ad configuration o ne ( Config 1 ) or configuration two ( Config 2 ) when you reboot.
Chapter 35 Maintenance GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 282 35.6 Restore a Configuration File Restore a previously saved configuration fro m your computer to the Switc h using the Restore Configuration screen.
Chapter 35 Maintenance GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 283 35.8 FTP Command Line This section shows some examples of uploadin g to or downloading files from the Switch using FTP commands.
Chapter 35 Maintenance GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 284 5 Enter bin to set transfer mode to binary . 6 Use put to transfer files from the comput er to the Switch, for example, put firmware.bin ras transfers the firmware on your computer (firmware.bin) to the Switch and renames it to “ras”.
GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 285 C HAPTER 36 Access Control This chapter describes how to control access to the Switch. 36.1 Access Control Overview A console port and FTP are allowe d one session ea.
Chapter 36 Access Control GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 286 36.3 About SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) is an application layer protocol us ed to manage and monitor TCP/IP-based devices. SNMP is used to exchange management information between th e network manageme nt system (NMS) and a network element (NE).
Chapter 36 Access Control GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 287 36.3.1 SNMP v3 and Security SNMP v3 enhances security for SNMP manage ment. SNMP managers can be required to authenticate with agents before co nducting SNMP mana gement sessions. Security can be further enhanced by encryp ting the SNMP mes sages sent from the managers.
Chapter 36 Access Control GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 288 temperature T emperatu reEventOn GS-4012F: 1.3.6.1.4.1.890. 1.5.8.20.37.2.1 GS-4024: 1.3.6.1.4.1.890. 1.5.8.13.37.2.1 This trap is sent when the temperature goes above or below the normal operating rang e.
Chapter 36 Access Control GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 289 T able 1 14 SNMP InterfaceTraps OPTION OBJECT LABEL OBJECT ID DESCRIPTION linkup linkU p 1.3.6.1.6 .3.1.1.5. 4 This trap is sent when the Ethernet link is up. LinkDownEventClear GS-4012F: 1.3.
Chapter 36 Access Control GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 290 accounting RADIUSAccountingNo tReach ableEventOn GS-4012F: 1.3.6.1.4.1. 890.1.5.8. 20.37.2.1 GS-4024: 1.3.6.1.4.1. 890.1.5.8. 13.37.2.1 This trap is sent when there is no response message from the RADIUS accounting server .
Chapter 36 Access Control GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 291 36.3.4 Configuring SNMP From the Access Control screen, display the SNMP screen. Y ou can click Acce ss Control to go back to the Access C ontro l screen. Use this screen to configure your SNMP settings.
Chapter 36 Access Control GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 292 Figure 175 Access Cont rol: SNMP The following table describes the labels in this screen. T able 1 18 Access Control: SNMP LABEL DESCRIPTION General Setting Use this s e ction to specify the SNMP version and community (password) values.
Chapter 36 Access Control GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 293 36.3.5 Configuring SNMP T rap Group From the SNMP sc reen, click Tr a p G r o u p to view the screen as shown. Use the Tr a p Gr oup screen to specify the types of SNMP traps that should be sent to each SNMP manager .
Chapter 36 Access Control GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 294 Figure 176 Access Control: SNMP: T r ap Group The following table describes the labels in this screen. 36.3.6 Setting Up Login Account s Up to five people (one ad ministrator and four non-administrators) may access the Switch via web configurator at any one time.
Chapter 36 Access Control GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 295 • A non-administrato r (username is something o ther than admin ) is some one who can view but not configure Switch settings. Click Access Control from the navigation panel and then click Logins from this screen.
Chapter 36 Access Control GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 296 36.4 SSH Overview Unlike T elnet or FTP , which transmit data in clear text, SSH (Secure Shell) is a secure communication protoc ol that combines authenticatio n and data encryption to provide secure encrypted communication bet w een two hosts over an un secured network.
Chapter 36 Access Control GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 297 2 Encryption Method Once the identification is verified, both the c lient and server must agree on the type of encryption method to use.
Chapter 36 Access Control GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 298 Figure 180 HTTPS Implement ation " If you disable HTTP in the Service Access Control screen, then the Switch blocks all HTTP connection attempts.
Chapter 36 Access Control GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 299 36.8.2 Net scape Navigator W arning Messages When you attempt to access the Switch HTTPS server , a W ebsite Certified by an Unknown Authority screen pops up asking if you trus t the server certificate.
Chapter 36 Access Control GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 300 Figure 184 Example: Lock Denotin g a Secure Connectio n 36.9 Service Port Access Control Service Access Control allows you to decide wh at service s you may use to access the Switch.
Chapter 36 Access Control GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 301 The following table describes th e fields in this screen. 36.10 Remote Management From the Access Control screen, display the Remote Management screen as shown next.
Chapter 36 Access Control GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 302 Te l n e t / F T P / HTTP/ICMP/ SNMP/SSH/ HTTPS Select services that may be used for managi ng the Switch from the specified tru sted computers. Apply Click Apply to save your changes to the Switch ’s run-time memory .
GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 303 C HAPTER 37 Diagnostic This chapter explains the Diagnostic screen. 37.1 Diagnostic Click Management , Diagnostic in the naviga tion panel to open th is screen. U se this screen to check system logs, ping IP addresses or perform port tests.
Chapter 37 Diagnostic GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 304.
GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 305 C HAPTER 38 Syslog This chapter explains the syslog screens. 38.1 Syslog Overview The syslog protocol allows devices to send event notification messages across an IP network to syslog servers that collect the event mes sages.
Chapter 38 Syslog GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 306 Figure 188 Syslog The following table describes the labels in this screen. 38.3 Syslog Server Setup Click Management and then Syslog in the navigation panel to display the Syslog Setup screen. Click the Syslog Server Setup link to open the following screen.
Chapter 38 Sy slog GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 307 Figure 189 Syslog: Server Se tup The following table describes the labels in this screen. T able 126 Syslog: Server Setup LABEL DESCRIPTION Active Select this check box to have the devic e send logs to this syslog server .
Chapter 38 Syslog GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 308.
GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 309 C HAPTER 39 Cluster Management This chapter introduces cluster management. 39.1 Cluster Management S tatus Overview Cluster Managemen t allows you to manage s w itches through one Switch, called the cluster manager .
Chapter 39 Cluster Management GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 310 Figure 190 Clustering Application Example 39.2 Cluster Management S tatus Click Management , Cluster Management in the navigation panel to display the following screen. " A cluster can only have one manager .
Chapter 39 Cluster Management GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 31 1 The following table describes the labels in this screen. 39.2.1 Cluster Member Switch Management Go to the Clustering Management S tatu.
Chapter 39 Cluster Management GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 312 Figure 193 Example: Uploading Firmware to a Clu ster Member Switch The following table explains some of the FTP parameters. 39.3 Clustering Management Configuration Use this screen to configure clustering management.
Chapter 39 Cluster Management GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 313 Figure 194 Clustering Manageme nt Configuration The following table describes the labels in this screen. T able 130 Clustering Management Configuration LABEL DESCRIPTION Clustering Manager Active Select Active to have this Switch b ecome the cluster manager switch.
Chapter 39 Cluster Management GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 314 Apply Click Apply to save your changes to the Switch’s run-ti me memory . The Swi tch loses these changes if it is turned off or loses power , so use the Save link on the top navigation panel to save your changes to the non-volatile memory when you are done configuring.
GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 315 C HAPTER 40 MAC Table This chapter introduces the MAC T able screen. 40.1 MAC T able Overview The MAC T able screen (a MAC table is also known as a filtering database) shows how frames are forwarded or filtered ac ross the Switch’ s ports.
Chapter 40 MAC Ta ble GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 316 40.2 V iewing the MAC T able Click Management , MAC T able in the navigation panel to di splay the following screen. Figure 196 MAC T able The following table describes the labels in this screen.
GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 317 C HAPTER 41 IP Table This chapter introduces the IP table. 41.1 IP T able Overview The IP T able screen shows how packets are forwarded or filtered across the Switch’ s port s .
Chapter 41 IP Table GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 318 41.2 V iewing the IP T able Click Management , IP T able in the navigation panel to display the following screen.
GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 319 C HAPTER 42 ARP Table This chapter introduces ARP T able. 42.1 ARP T able Overview Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) is a prot ocol for mapping an Internet Protocol address (IP address) to a physical machine address, al so known as a Media Access Control or MAC address, on the local area network.
Chapter 42 ARP Table GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 320 Figure 199 ARP T able The following table describes the labels in this screen. T able 133 ARP Table LABEL DESCRIPTION Index This is the ARP T able entry number . IP Address This is the learned IP address of a device connected to a Switch port with corresponding MAC address below .
GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 321 C HAPTER 43 Routing Table This chapter introduces the routing table. 43.1 Overview The routing table contains the route information to the networ k(s) that the Switch can reach. The Switch automatically updates the routing table with the RIP information received from other Ethernet devices.
Chapter 43 Routin g Table GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 322.
GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 323 C HAPTER 44 Configure Clone This chapter shows you how you can copy the settings of one port onto other ports. 44.1 Configure Clone Cloning allows you to co py the basic and advanced settings fro m a sour ce port to a destination port or ports.
Chapter 44 Config ure Clone GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 324 The following table describes the labels in this screen. T able 135 Configure Clone LABEL DESCRIPTION Source/ Destination Port Enter the source port under the Source label. This port’s attributes are copied.
GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 325 C HAPTER 45 Introducing Commands This chapter introduces commands and gives a summary of commands available. 45.1 Overview In addition to the web con figurator, you can use commands to conf igure the Switch. Use commands for advanced Switch diagnosis and troubleshooting.
Chapter 45 Intro ducing Comma nds GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 326 • 9600 bps • No parity • 8 data bits • 1 stop bit • No flow control 45.2.1.1 Initial Screen When you turn on your Switch, it performs severa l internal tests as well as line initialization.
Chapter 45 Introdu cing Command s GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 327 • The required fields in a command are enclose d in angle brackets <>, for instance, ping <ip> means that you must specify an IP number for this command.
Chapter 45 Intro ducing Comma nds GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 328 45.7 Privilege Levels Y ou can use a command whose privilege level is equal to or less than that of your login account. For example, if you r login account has a privilege level of 12, you can use all commands with privilege levels from 0 to 12.
Chapter 45 Introdu cing Command s GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 329 The following table describ es command interpreter mode s and how to access them. Enter exit to quit from the current mo de or enter logout to exit the comm and interpreter .
Chapter 45 Intro ducing Comma nds GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 330 45.9.1 List of A vailable Commands Enter “ help ” to displa y a list of available comma nds and the correspon ding sub commands. Enter “ ? ” to display a list of comman ds you can use.
Chapter 45 Introdu cing Command s GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 331 Enter <command> help to display detaile d sub commands and para meters. Enter <command> ? to display detailed help inform ation about the sub commands and parameters.
Chapter 45 Intro ducing Comma nds GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 332 " Y ou must save your changes after each CLI session. All unsaved configuration changes are lost once you restart the Switch.
Chapter 45 Introdu cing Command s GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 333 45.12.1 User Mode The following table describes the co mmands available for User mode. T able 137 Command Summary: User Mode COMMAND DESCRIPTION PRIVILEG E help Displays help information.
Chapter 45 Intro ducing Comma nds GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 334 45.12.2 Enable Mode The following table describes the co mmands available for Enable mode. T able 138 Command Summary: Enable Mode COMMAND DESCRIPTION PRIVILEGE baudrate <1|2|3|4|5> Changes the console port speed.
Chapter 45 Introdu cing Command s GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 335 <0-14> Accesses Enable mode commands up to the pri vilege level specified. 0 erase running-config Reset s to th e factory default settings. 13 help Displays help information for this command.
Chapter 45 Intro ducing Comma nds GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 336 renew dhcp snooping database <tftp://host/ filename> Loads dynamic bindings from the specified DHCP snoopin g database. 13 show aaa authentication Displays whether authentication and privilege checki ng is enabled on the Switch and what methods are used fo r authentication.
Chapter 45 Introdu cing Command s GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 337 statistics Displays statistics regarding the total number of ARP packet s received on the Switch. 3 statistics vlan <vlan-list> Displays statistics regarding the total number of ARP packet s received on the Switch based on the VLAN(s) specified.
Chapter 45 Intro ducing Comma nds GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 338 ethernet oam summary Di splays the configuration details of each OAM activa ted port. 3 garp Di splays GARP information. 3 hardware-monitor <C|F> Displays current hardware monitor information with th e specified temperature unit (Celsius C or Fahrenheit F).
Chapter 45 Introdu cing Command s GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 339 dvmrp neighbor Displays DVMRP neighbor informat ion. 3 dvmrp prune Displays the DVMRP prune informat ion. 3 dvmrp route Displays the DVMRP routes. 3 igmp group Displays multicast group details for each port(s).
Chapter 45 Intro ducing Comma nds GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 340 logins Displays login account informat ion. 3 loopguard Displays which port s have loopguard enabled as well as their status. 3 mac address-table <all [mac|vid|port]> Displays MAC address table.
Chapter 45 Introdu cing Command s GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 341 <vlan-id> Displays the specified MVR group settings. 3 policy Displays all policy related informat ion. 3 [name] Displays the specified policy related information. 3 port-access- authenticator Displays all port authentication settings.
Chapter 45 Intro ducing Comma nds GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 342 known-hosts Displays known SSH hosts informat ion. 3 key <rsa1|rsa|dsa> Displays internal SSH public and private key informa tion. 3 session Displays current SSH session(s). 3 subnet-vlan Displays subnet based VLAN settings on the Switch.
Chapter 45 Introdu cing Command s GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 343 45.12.3 General Configuration Mode The following table lists the commands in Configuration (or Config) mode. write memory Saves current configuration to the configuration file the Switch is currently using.
Chapter 45 Intro ducing Comma nds GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 344 update periodic <1-2147483647> Sets the update period for accounting sessions. This is the time the Switch waits to send an update to an accounting server after a session st arts.
Chapter 45 Introdu cing Command s GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 345 logging [all|none|permi t|deny] Enables logging of ARP inspection events on the specified VLAN(s). Optionally specifies which types of events to log. 13 bandwidth- control Enables bandwidth control.
Chapter 45 Intro ducing Comma nds GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 346 member <mac- address> password <password-str> Sets the cluster member . 13 name <cluster name> Sets a descriptive name for the cluster . 13 rcommand <mac- address> Logs into the CLI of the specified cluster member .
Chapter 45 Introdu cing Command s GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 347 helper-address <remote-dhcp- server1> [<remote-dhcp- server2>] [<remote-dhcp- server3>] Sets the IP addresses of up to 3 DHCP servers. 13 information Allows the Switch to add system name to agent information.
Chapter 45 Intro ducing Comma nds GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 348 help Displays he lp information. 0 history Displays a list of previous command(s) that you have executed. 0 hostname <name_string> Se ts the Switch’s name for identification purposes.
Chapter 45 Introdu cing Command s GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 349 default-gateway <ip> Sets the default gateway’s IP address for the ou t-of-band management port. 13 name-server <ip> Sets the IP address of a domain name server . 13 route <ip> <mask> <next-hop-ip> Creates a static route.
Chapter 45 Intro ducing Comma nds GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 350 mac-filter name <name> mac <mac-addr> vlan <vlan-id> drop <src/dst/both> Configures a static MAC address port filtering rule. 13 inactive Disables a static MAC address port filtering rule.
Chapter 45 Introdu cing Command s GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 351 interface port- channel <port- list> path-cost <1-65535> Assigns the path cost to the specified ports. 13 interface port- channel <port- list> priority <1-255> Assigns priority to the specified ports.
Chapter 45 Intro ducing Comma nds GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 352 log-buffer logs Resets the maximum number of syslog messages the Switch can send to the syslog server in one batch to the default value (4). 13 vlan <vlan- list> Disables ARP inspection on the specified VLAN(s).
Chapter 45 Introdu cing Command s GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 353 vlan <vlan- list> S pecifies th e VLAN IDs for VLANs you want to di sable DHCP snooping on . 13 vlan <vlan- list> information Sets the Switch to not add the system name to DHCP requests that it broadcasts t o the DHCP VLAN, if specified, or VLAN.
Chapter 45 Intro ducing Comma nds GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 354 route <ip> <mask> inactive Enables a specified IP static route. 13 lacp Disables the link aggregation control protocol (dynamic trunking) on the Switch. 13 logins <name> Disables login a ccess to the specified name.
Chapter 45 Introdu cing Command s GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 355 instance <0-16> interface port- channel <port- list> Disables the assignmen t of specific ports from an MST instance. 13 multi-login Disables another ad ministrator from logging into T e lnet or the CLI.
Chapter 45 Intro ducing Comma nds GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 356 service-control ftp Disables FTP access to the Switch. 13 http Disables web browser control to the Switch. 13 https Disables secure web browser access to the Switch. 13 icmp Disables ICMP access to the Switch such as pi nging and tracerouting.
Chapter 45 Introdu cing Command s GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 357 spanning-tree Disables STP . 13 <port-list> Disables STP on listed ports. 13 ssh key <rsa1|rsa|dsa> Disables the secure shell server encryption key . Y our Switch supports SSH versions 1 and 2 using RSA and DSA authentication.
Chapter 45 Intro ducing Comma nds GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 358 <T1|T2|T3|T4|T5 |T6> interface <port-list> Removes ports from the specified trunk group. 13 <T1|T2|T3|T4|T5 |T6> lacp Disables LACP in the specified trunk group. 13 vlan < vlan-id> Deletes the static VLAN entry .
Chapter 45 Introdu cing Command s GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 359 policy <name> classifier <classifier-list> < [vlan<vlan-id>] [egress-port <port-num>] [priority <0-7&g.
Chapter 45 Intro ducing Comma nds GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 360 port- security Enables port security on the device. 13 <port-list> Enables port security on the specified port(s). 13 learn inactive Disables MAC address l earning on the spec ified port(s).
Chapter 45 Introdu cing Command s GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 361 igmp Enables and enters the IGMP configuration mode. 13 exit Leaves the IGMP configuration mode. 13 non-querier Sets the Switch to Non-Querier mode. (If a multic ast ro uter with a lower IP address, it wil l stop sending Query messages on that network.
Chapter 45 Intro ducing Comma nds GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 362 area <area-id> virtual-link <router-id> message-digest- key <keyid> md5 <key> Enables MD5 authentication and sets the key ID and key for the virtual link in the area.
Chapter 45 Introdu cing Command s GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 363 no network <ip- addr/bits> Deletes the OSPF network. 13 no redistribute rip Sets the Switch not to learn RIP routing information. 13 no redistribute static Sets the Switch not to learn static routing information.
Chapter 45 Intro ducing Comma nds GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 364 priority <1- 254> Sets the priority of the uplink- gateway . 13 secondary- virtual-ip < ip> Sets the secondary VRRP virtual gateway IP address. 13 service- control ftp <socket- number> Allows FTP access on the specified service port.
Chapter 45 Introdu cing Command s GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 365 interface Enables sending all interface type traps to a manager . 13 interface <options> Enables sending all interface type traps to a manager . The options are “linkup”, “l inkdown” and “autonegotiati on”.
Chapter 45 Intro ducing Comma nds GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 366 priority <0-61440> Sets the bridge priority of the Switch. 13 ssh known-hosts <host- ip> <1024|ssh- rsa|ssh-dsa> <key> Adds a remote host to which the Switch can access using SSH service.
Chapter 45 Introdu cing Command s GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 367 mode <index- priority|round- robin> S pecifies the mo de for T ACACS+ server selection. 13 time <Hour:Min:Sec> Sets the time in hour , minute and second format. 13 date <month/day/ year> Sets the date in year , month and day format.
Chapter 45 Intro ducing Comma nds GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 368 45.12.4 interface port-channel Commands The following table lists the interface port-channel commands in configuration mode. Use these commands to configure the ports. <SPTPID> Sets the SP TPID (Service Provider T ag Protocol Iden tifier).
Chapter 45 Introdu cing Command s GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 369 egress <Kbps> Sets the maxi mum bandwidth allowed for outgoin g traffic on the port(s). 13 bpdu-control <peer|tunnel|disc ard|network> Sets h ow Bridge Protoc ol Data Units (BPDUs) are used in STP port st ates.
Chapter 45 Intro ducing Comma nds GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 370 ge-spq <q0|q1|...|q7> Enables strict priority queuin g starting with the specified queue and subsequent higher queu es on the Gigabit ports. 13 gvrp Enables this function to permit VLAN groups beyond the local Switch.
Chapter 45 Introdu cing Command s GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 371 name <port-name- string> Sets a name for th e port(s). Enter a descriptive name (up to nine printa ble ASCII characters). 13 no arp inspection trust Disables this port from being a trusted port for ARP inspection.
Chapter 45 Intro ducing Comma nds GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 372 ingress-check Disables ingress checking o n the port(s). 13 intrusion-lock Disables intrusion-lock on a port so that a port can be connected again after you disconnected the cable.
Chapter 45 Introdu cing Command s GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 373 45.12.5 interface route-domain Commands The following table lists the interface route-domain commands in configuration mo de. Use these comm ands to config ure the IP routing domains.
Chapter 45 Intro ducing Comma nds GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 374 igmp query-max- response-time <1-25> Sets the maximum time that the router waits for a response to an general query message.
Chapter 45 Introdu cing Command s GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 375 45.12.6 config-vlan Commands The following table lists the vlan commands in configuration mode. T able 142 Command Summary: config-vlan Commands COMMAND DESCRIPTION PRIVILEGE vlan <vlan-id> Creates a new VLAN group.
Chapter 45 Intro ducing Comma nds GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 376 45.13 mvr Commands The following table lists the mvr commands in configuration mode. T able 143 Command Summary: mvr Commands COMMAND DESCRIPTION PRIVILEG E mvr <vlan- id> Enters the MVR (Multicast VLAN Registration) configuration mode.
GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 377 C HAPTER 46 User and Enable Mode Commands This chapter describes some commands which yo u can perform in the User and Ena ble modes. 46.1 Overview The following command examples show how you can use User and Enab le mode s to diagnose and manage your Switch .
Chapter 46 User and Enable Mode Comma nds GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 378 46.2.2 show ip Syntax: show ip This command displays the IP re lated information (such as IP address and subnet mask) on all Switch interfaces. The following figure shows th e default interface settings.
Chapter 46 User and Enable Mode Commands GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 379 This command displays statistics of a port. The following ex ample shows that port 2 is up and the related information.
Chapter 46 User and Enable Mode Comma nds GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 380 46.3 ping Syntax: ping <ip|host-name> < [in-band|out-o f-band|vlan <vlan-id> ] [size -> <0-1472>] [-t]> where This command sends Ping packets to an Ethe rnet device.
Chapter 46 User and Enable Mode Commands GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 381 This command displays information about the route to an Ethernet device. The following example displays route information to an Ethernet device with an IP address of 192.168.1.
Chapter 46 User and Enable Mode Comma nds GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 382 46.6.1 Using a Different Configuration File Y ou can store up to two configuration files on th e Switch. Only one configuration file is used at a time. By default the Switch uses the first co nfiguration file (with an index number of 1).
GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 383 C HAPTER 47 Configuration Mode Commands This chapter describes how to enable and conf igure your Switch’ s features using commands. For more background information, see the f eature specific chapters which proceed the commands chapters.
Chapter 47 Configurat ion Mode Com mands GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 384 Syntax: igmp-snooping igmp-snooping 8021p-priority <0-7> igmp-snooping host-timeout <1-167114 50> igmp-snooping l.
Chapter 47 Conf iguration Mode Commands GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 385 where An example is shown next. • Enable IGMP filtering on the Switch. • Create an IGMP filtering profile filter1 and specify the mu lticast IP addresses in the range 224.255.
Chapter 47 Configurat ion Mode Com mands GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 386 where An exampl e using spanning-tree command is shown next. • Enable STP on the Switch. • Set the bridge priority of the Switch to 0. • Set the Hello T ime to 4, Maximum Age to 20 and Forward Delay to 15 on the Switch.
Chapter 47 Conf iguration Mode Commands GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 387 • Enable STP on port 5 with a path cost of 150. • Set the priority for port 5 to 20. 47.5 no Command Examples These are the commonly used comm and examples that belong to the no group of co mmands.
Chapter 47 Configurat ion Mode Com mands GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 388 where An example is shown next. • Enable the IP route with the IP addres s of 192.168.1 1.1 and subn et mask of 255.255.255.0. This ip route must have alread y been created an d made inactive prior to re- enable command being applied.
Chapter 47 Conf iguration Mode Commands GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 389 where An example is shown next. • Disable authentication on the Switch. • Disable re-authentication on port s one, three, four and five. • Disable authentication on ports one, six and seven.
Chapter 47 Configurat ion Mode Com mands GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 390 47.6 S t atic Route Commands Y ou can create and configure static routes on the Switch by using the ip route command.
Chapter 47 Conf iguration Mode Commands GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 391 where An example is shown next. • Create a filtering rule cal led “filter1”.
Chapter 47 Configurat ion Mode Com mands GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 392 • Enable dynamic l ink aggregation (LACP) on trunk 1. 47.9 Enabling Port Authentication T o enable a port authentication, you need to specify yo ur RADIUS server details and select the ports which require external authentication.
Chapter 47 Conf iguration Mode Commands GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 393 See Section 47.9.2 on page 3 93 for an example. 47.9.2 Port Authentication Settings Use the port-access-authenticator command to configure po rt security on the Switch.
Chapter 47 Configurat ion Mode Com mands GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 394 • Specify RADIUS server 1 with IP address 10.10.10.1, port 1890 an d the string secretKey as the password. See Section 47.9.1 on page 392 for more information on RADIUS server commands.
GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 395 C HAPTER 48 Interface Commands These are some commonly used configur ation commands that belong to the interface group of commands . 48.1 Overview The interface commands allow you to configure the Switch on a port by port basis.
Chapter 48 Inter face Comma nds GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 396 where An example is shown next. • Enable ports 1, 3, 4 and 5 for configuration. • Set the BPDU control to tunnel , to forward BPDUs received on ports one, three, four and five. 48.2.
Chapter 48 Inte rface Comma nds GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 397 where An example is shown next. • Enable port one for config uration. • Enable bandwidth contro l. • Set the outgoing traffic bandwidth limit to 5000Kbps. • Set the guaranteed bandwidth allowe d for incoming traffic to 4000Kbps.
Chapter 48 Inter face Comma nds GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 398 • Enable port mirroring for outgoing traffic. T raffic is copied from ports 1, 4, 5 and 6 to port three in order to examine it in more detail without interfering with the traf fic flow on the original ports.
Chapter 48 Inte rface Comma nds GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 399 where An example is shown next. • Enable ports one, three, four an d five for configuration. • Enable ingress checking on the ports. • Enable tagged frame-types on the interface. 48.
Chapter 48 Inter face Comma nds GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 400 • Set the outgoing traffic ports as th e CPU (0), seven (7) and eight (8). 48.2.1 1 qos priority Syntax: qos priority <0 .. 7> where An example is shown next. • Enable ports one, three, four an d five for configuration.
Chapter 48 Inte rface Comma nds GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 401 where An example is shown next. • Enable ports one, three, four an d five for configuration. • Set the speed to 100 Mbps i n half duplex mode. 48.2.14 test Y ou can perform an interface loopback test on specified ports.
Chapter 48 Inter face Comma nds GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 402 Syntax: no bandwidth-limit An example is shown next: • Disable bandwidth limit on po rt1 sysname(config)# interface port-chan nel 1 .
GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 403 C HAPTER 49 IEEE 802.1Q Tagged VLAN Commands This chapter describes the IEEE 802.1Q T agged VLAN and associated commands. 49.1 Configuring T agged VLAN The following procedur e shows you how to configure tagged VLAN. 1 Use the IEEE 802.
Chapter 49 IEEE 802.1Q Tagged VLAN Co mmands GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 404 49.2 Global VLAN1Q T agged VLAN Configuration Commands This section shows you how to configure and monitor the IEEE 802.
Chapter 49 IEEE 802.1Q Tagged VLAN Commands GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 405 The following example sets th e Join T imer to 300 millisecon ds, the Leave T imer to 800 milliseconds and the Leave All T imer to 1 1000 milliseconds. 49.2.3 GVRP T imer Syntax: show vlan1q gvrp This command shows the Switch’ s GVRP settings.
Chapter 49 IEEE 802.1Q Tagged VLAN Co mmands GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 406 The following ex ample sets the default VID to 200 on port s 1 to 5. 49.3.2 Set Accept able Frame T ype Syntax: frame-type <all|tagged|untagged> where This command sets the specified port to accept all Ethernet frames or only those with an IEEE 802.
Chapter 49 IEEE 802.1Q Tagged VLAN Commands GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 407 where •E n t e r fixed to register the <port-list> to the static VLAN table with <vlan-id> . •E n t e r normal to confirm registration of the <port-list> to the static VLAN table with <vlan-id> .
Chapter 49 IEEE 802.1Q Tagged VLAN Co mmands GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 408 49.3.5 Delete VLAN ID Syntax: no vlan <vlan-id> where This command deletes the specified VLAN ID entry from the static VLAN table. The following example deletes entry 2 in the static VLAN table.
Chapter 49 IEEE 802.1Q Tagged VLAN Commands GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 409 •T h e TagCtl section of the last column shows wh ich ports are tagged and which are untagged.
Chapter 49 IEEE 802.1Q Tagged VLAN Co mmands GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 410.
GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 41 1 C HAPTER 50 Multicast VLAN Registration Commands This chapter shows you how to use Mu lticast VLAN Registration (mvr) commands. 50.1 Overview Use the mvr commands in the co nfiguration mode to create and configure multicast VLANs.
Chapter 50 Multicast VLAN Registration Commands GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 412 • Enter MVR mode. Create a multicast VLAN with the name multiV lan and the VLAN ID of 3. • Specify source ports 2, 3, 5 and receiver ports 6-8. • Specify dynamic mode for the multicast group.
GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 413 C HAPTER 51 Routing Domain Command Examples 51.0.1 interface route-domain Syntax: interface route-domain <ip-address>/ <mask-bits> where Use this command to enable/create the spec ified routing domain for configuration.
Chapter 51 Routing Doma in Command Examples GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 414.
GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 415 C HAPTER 52 Troubleshooting This chapter covers potential problems and possible remedies. 52.1 Problems St arting Up the Switch 52.2 Problems Accessing the Switch T able 144 Troubleshooting the Start-Up of Your Switch PROBLEM CORRECTIVE ACTION None of the LEDs turn on when you turn on the Switch.
Chapter 52 Trou bleshooting GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 416 52.2.1 Pop-up Windows, Ja vaScript s and Java Permissions In order to use the web configurator you need to allow: • W eb browser pop-up windows fro m your device. • JavaScripts (enabled by default).
Chapter 52 Trou bleshooting GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 417 Figure 204 Intern et Options 3 Click Apply to save this setting. 52.2.1.1.2 Enable pop-up Blockers with Exceptions Alternatively , if you only want to allow pop-up windows from your device, see the following steps.
Chapter 52 Trou bleshooting GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 418 Figure 205 Internet Options 3 T ype the IP address of your device (the web page that you do not want to have blocked) with the prefix “http://”. For example, http://192.168.1.1. 4 Click Add to move the IP address to the list of Allowed sites .
Chapter 52 Trou bleshooting GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 419 6 Click Apply to save this setting. 52.2.1.2 JavaScript s If pages of the web configura tor do not display properly in Internet Explorer , ch eck that JavaScripts are allowed. 1 In Internet Explorer , click T ools , Internet Options and then the Security tab.
Chapter 52 Trou bleshooting GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 420 Figure 208 Security Settings - Java Scripting 52.2.1.3 Java Permissions 1 From Internet Explorer , click To o l s , Internet Options and then the Security tab. 2 Click the Custom Level... button.
Chapter 52 Trou bleshooting GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 421 52.2.1.3.1 JA V A (Sun) 1 From Internet Explorer , click To o l s , Internet Options and then the Advanced tab. 2 Make sure that Use Java 2 for <applet> under Java (Sun) is sele cted.
Chapter 52 Trou bleshooting GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 422.
423 P ART VI Appendices and Index Product Specification s (425) IP Addresses and Subnetting (431) Common Services (441) Legal Information (445) Customer Support (449) Index (453).
424.
GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 425 A PPENDIX A Product S pecifications The following tables summarize the Switc h’ s hardware and firmware features. T able 147 Hardware Specifications SPECIFICATIO N DESCRIPTION Dimensions S tandard 19” rack mountable GS-4012F : 438 mm (W) x 225 mm (D) x 44.
Appendix A Product Specifications GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 426 Power Wire Gauge 18 AWG or larger Fuse S pe cification 250 V AC, T2A T able 148 Firmware Specifications FEATURE DESCRIPTION Default IP Address In band: 192.168.1.1 Out of band (Management port): 192.
Appendix A Product Specifications GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 427 Multicast VLAN Registration (MVR) Multicast VLAN Registration (MVR) is designed fo r applications (such as Media-on-Demand (MoD)) using multicast traffic across a network. MVR allows one single multi cast VLAN to be shared among different subscriber VLANs on the network.
Appendix A Product Specifications GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 428 Firmware Upgrade Download new firmware (when available) from the ZyXEL web site and use the web configu rator , CLI or an FTP/TFTP tool to put it on the Switch.
Appendix A Product Specifications GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 429 The following list, which is not exhaustive, i llustrates the standards su pported in the Switch.
Appendix A Product Specifications GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 430 RFC 3164 Syslog RFC 3376 Internet Group Man agement Protocol, Ve rsion 3 RFC 3414 User-ba sed Security Model (USM) for version 3 of the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP v3) RFC 3580 RADIUS - T unnel Protocol Attribute IEEE 802.
GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 431 A PPENDIX B IP Addresses and Subnetting This appendix introduces IP addresses and subnet masks. IP addresses identify ind ividual devices on a network. Every networking device (includin g computers, servers, routers, printe rs, etc.
Appendix B IP Addre sses and Subnetting GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 432 Figure 21 1 Network Number and Host ID How much of the IP address is the network number and how much is the host ID varies according to the s ubnet mask.
Appendix B IP Addresses and Subnetting GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 433 Subnet masks are expressed in dotted decimal no tation just like IP addresses. The follow ing examples show the binary and decimal not ation for 8-bit, 16-bit, 24-bit an d 29-bit subnet masks.
Appendix B IP Addre sses and Subnetting GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 434 Subnetting Y ou can use subnetting to divide one network into multiple sub-networks. In the following example a network administrator creates two sub-networks to isolate a group of servers from the rest of the c ompany network for security reasons.
Appendix B IP Addresses and Subnetting GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 435 Figure 213 Subnetting Example: Af ter Subnetting In a 25-bit subnet the host ID has 7 bits , so each sub-network has a maximum of 2 7 – 2 or 126 possible hosts (a host ID of all zeroes is the subnet’ s address itself, all ones is the subnet’ s broadcast address).
Appendix B IP Addre sses and Subnetting GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 436 Example: Eight Subnet s Similarly , use a 27-bit mask to create eight subnets (000, 001, 010, 01 1, 100, 101, 1 10 and 111 ) . The following table shows IP address last octet values for each subnet.
Appendix B IP Addresses and Subnetting GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 437 Subnet Planning The following table is a summary for su bnet planning on a network with a 24-bit network number . The following table is a summary for su bnet planning on a network with a 16-bit network number .
Appendix B IP Addre sses and Subnetting GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 438 Configuring IP Addresses Where you obtain your netwo rk number depends on yo ur particular situation. If the ISP or your network administrator assigns yo u a bloc k of registered IP addresses, follow their instructions in selecting the IP addresses and the subnet mask.
Appendix B IP Addresses and Subnetting GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 439 IP Address Conflict s Each device on a network must have a unique IP address. Devices with duplicate IP addresses on the same network will not be ab le to access the Internet or ot her resources.
Appendix B IP Addre sses and Subnetting GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 440 Conflicting Computer and R outer IP Addresses Example More than one device can not use the same IP addr ess. In the following example, the computer and the router ’ s LAN port both use 192.
GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 441 A PPENDIX C Common Services The following table l ists some commonly-used se rvices and their associated protocols and port numbers. For a comprehensive list of port numbers, ICMP type/code numbers and services, visit the IANA (Internet Assigned Number Authority) web site.
Appendix C Common Services GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 442 FTP TCP TCP 20 21 File Tr a nsfer Program, a program to enable fast transfer of files, including large fil es that may not be possible by e-mail. H.323 TCP 1720 NetMeeting uses this protocol.
Appendix C Common Services GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 443 RTE L NE T TCP 10 7 Remote T elnet. RTS P TCP/UDP 554 The Real T i me S treaming (med ia control) Protocol (RTSP) is a remote control for multimedia on the Internet. SFTP TCP 11 5 Simple File T ransfe r Protocol.
Appendix C Common Services GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 444.
GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 445 A PPENDIX D Legal Information Copyright Copyright © 2007 by ZyXEL Communications Corporation. The contents of this publication may not be reprod uced in any part or .
Appendix D Legal Info rmation GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 446 FCC W arning This device has been tested and foun d to comply with the limits for a Class A digital switch, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Thes e limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a co mmercial environment.
Appendix D Legal Infor mation GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 447 condition. Any replacement will consist of a ne w or re-manufactured f unctionally equivalent product of equal or higher value, and will be so lely at the discretion of ZyXEL.
Appendix D Legal Info rmation GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 448.
GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 449 A PPENDIX E Customer Support Please have the following information r eady when you contact customer support. Required Information • Product model and serial number . • W arranty Information. • Date that you received your de vice.
Appendix E Customer Support GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 450 Denmark • Support E-mail: support@zyxel.dk • Sales E-mail: sales@zyxel.dk • T elephone: +45-39-55-07-00 • Fax: +45-39-55-07-07 • W eb Site: www .
Appendix E Customer Support GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 451 • T elephone: +7-3272-590-698 • Fax: +7-327 2-590-689 • W eb Site: www .zyxel.kz • Re g u l ar M ai l : ZyXEL Kaza khstan, 43, Dostyk ave.,Office 414, Dost yk Business Centre, 050010, Almaty , Republic of Kazakhstan North America • Support E-mail: support@zyxel.
Appendix E Customer Support GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 452 • W eb Site: www .zyxel.es • Re g ul a r M a i l: ZyXEL Communications, Arte, 21 5ª planta, 28033 Madr id, Spain Sweden • Support E-mail: support@zyxel.se • Sales E-mail: sales@zyxel.
Index GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 453 Index Numerics 802.1P priority 87 A AAA 185 AAA (Authentication, Author ization and Accounting) 185 access control limitations 285 login account 294 remote mana.
Index GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 454 classifier 151 , 153 and QoS 151 editing 154 example 155 overview 151 setup 151 , 153 , 154 viewing 154 CLI syntax conventions 326 cloning a port See port cloni.
Index GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 455 disclaimer 445 double-tagged frames 165 DR (Designated Router) 230 DS (Differentiated Services) 251 DSCP DSCP-to-IEEE802.
Index GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 456 humidity 425 I IANA 438 IEEE 802.1p, priority 83 IEEE 802.1x activate 143 , 144 , 18 8 , 190 reauthentication 144 IEEE 802.
Index GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 457 maintanence configuration backup 282 firmware 281 restoring configuration 282 maintenance 279 current configuration 279 main screen 279 Management Information B.
Index GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 458 router types 229 status 231 stub area 229 , 236 virtual link 230 virtual links 238 vs RIP 229 OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) 229 P passwor d 61 administrator 2.
Index GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 459 Rapid S panning Tree Protocol, See RSTP . 109 rear panel 48 reboot load c onfiguration 281 reboot system 281 redistribute route 234 registration product 447 rel.
Index GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 460 port priority 11 7 , 120 port state 111 root port 11 0 status 11 7 , 120 terminology 109 vs loop guard 219 stub area 229 , 236 stub area, See also OSPF 236 subn.
Index GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 461 and DHCP 264 automatic registration 92 ID 91 IGMP snooping 172 ingress filtering 97 introduction 81 number of VLANs 94 port isolation 97 port number 95 port set.
Index GS-4012F/4024 User ’s Guide 462.
An important point after buying a device ZyXEL Communications GS-4012 (or even before the purchase) is to read its user manual. We should do this for several simple reasons:
If you have not bought ZyXEL Communications GS-4012 yet, this is a good time to familiarize yourself with the basic data on the product. First of all view first pages of the manual, you can find above. You should find there the most important technical data ZyXEL Communications GS-4012 - thus you can check whether the hardware meets your expectations. When delving into next pages of the user manual, ZyXEL Communications GS-4012 you will learn all the available features of the product, as well as information on its operation. The information that you get ZyXEL Communications GS-4012 will certainly help you make a decision on the purchase.
If you already are a holder of ZyXEL Communications GS-4012, but have not read the manual yet, you should do it for the reasons described above. You will learn then if you properly used the available features, and whether you have not made any mistakes, which can shorten the lifetime ZyXEL Communications GS-4012.
However, one of the most important roles played by the user manual is to help in solving problems with ZyXEL Communications GS-4012. Almost always you will find there Troubleshooting, which are the most frequently occurring failures and malfunctions of the device ZyXEL Communications GS-4012 along with tips on how to solve them. Even if you fail to solve the problem, the manual will show you a further procedure – contact to the customer service center or the nearest service center
