Instruction/ maintenance manual of the product VGN-C200 Sony
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N User Guide P ers onal Computer V GN-C200 Series.
2 nN Cont ents Before Use ................. ................... ................... .................... ................... ................... .... ......... .................... ................... ....6 Documenta tion ................. ...........
3 nN Using P eripheral Devic es . ................... .................... ................... ................... .................... ..... .............. .................... ........7 0 Connectin g a Docking Station . ................... .........
4 nN Precauti ons ................ ................... ................... .................... ................... ................... .......................... .................... ......12 0 On Handling the LCD Sc reen .............. .............
5 nN Touch Pad ............ ................... ................... .................... ................... ................... ............. .......................... ............. 165 Keyboard ....... ................... .................... .....
6 nN Befo re Use Bef ore Use Congrat ulations on your purchase o f this Sony VAIO ® comp uter, and wel come to th e on-screen U ser Guide . Sony ha s combin ed leadin g-edge te chnology i n audio, v ideo, compu ting, an d commun ications to provide s tate-of-the- art perso nal computi ng.
7 nN Befo re Use Non-printed Documentation ❑ User Guid e (this manual) — Contains features of your com puter . It also includes infor mation abou t the software programs includ ed with your comp uter , a s well as infor mation on solvin g common pr oblems.
8 nN Befo re Use ❑ SmartWi ™ Connection Utility Guide ( Select ed models on ly) — Provides inf or mation about setting up Blueto oth, wirele ss LAN, and w ireless WA N func tionalitie s. To acce ss this on-screen guide: 1 Click Start a nd Help and Support .
9 nN Befo re Use Ergonomic Considerations You wil l be using y our co mputer as a p ortable device in a variety o f enviro nments. When ever poss ible, you s hould atte mpt to take account o f the fol.
10 nN Befo re Use ❑ Viewing angle of the computer's displa y – Use the display's tilti ng f eature to find the best posi tion. Y ou can reduc e e ye strain and mus cle fatigue by adjusting the tilt of the display to the proper position. A djust the br ight ness settin g of the displ ay a s well.
11 nN Getting Started Getting Star ted This section describe s how to ge t started with using your VAIO com puter. ! Before starti ng your compute r for the first time, do not co nnect any new hardware that did not origin ally come with your comput er .
12 nN Getting Started Locating Cont rols and P or ts Take a moment to identify the control s and ports shown on t he following pages..
13 nN Getting Started F ront A Bluetoot h indicator * (pa ge 19) B WLAN (Wireless LA N) indicator (page 19) C WW AN (Wireless W AN) indicator * (page 19) D Num lock indicator (p age 19) E Caps loc k i.
14 nN Getting Started A WIREL ESS s witch (page 55) B Pow e r i n d i c a t o r (page 19 ) C Batt ery indica tor (page 19) D Hard disk drive indicator ( page 19) E Opti cal disc driv e i ndica tor (pa.
15 nN Getting Started Bac k A Batter y conn ector ( page 22).
16 nN Getting Started Right A Hi-Spee d USB (USB 2.0) po rt s *1 (page 93) B i.LINK (IEEE 1394) S400 por t (page 97) C S VIDEO OUT port (p age 86) D Mon ito r (V GA ) por t *2 (pag e 83) E Air vent F Secur ity slot G DC IN por t *2 (page 2 1) H Built- in speak er (ste reo) *1 Supp orts hi gh- /ful l-/lo w- spee ds.
17 nN Getting Started Left A Built- in speak er (ste reo) B Ne twor k (Eth er net ) por t *1 (pa ge 99) C Modem port (pag e 54) D Microp hone jack (page 92) E Headp hones jack (page 81 ) F Opti cal di.
18 nN Getting Started Bottom A Docking station connect or (page 74) B Air vents.
19 nN Getting Started About the Indicator Lights Your c omputer is equipped with the fol lowing i ndicator l ights. Indicat or Functions Po w e r 1 Illuminates when the power to the computer is on, blinks when t he computer is in Sleep m ode, and turns of f when the computer is in Hibernate mode or off.
20 nN Getting Started Wireless WAN * Illuminates when the wireles s W AN function is enab led. * On selecte d models only . Indicat or Functions.
21 nN Getting Started Connecting a P ower Source You ca n use eith er an AC ada pter or a r echargeabl e battery pa ck as a powe r source for your comp uter. Using the A C Adapter ✍ Use your co mputer only with th e supplied A C adapter . To use t he AC adap ter 1 Plug on e end of the pow er cord (1) int o the AC adapter (3) .
22 nN Getting Started Using the Batter y P ack The ba ttery pack supplied wi th your co mputer is n ot fully c harged a t the time o f purchase . Installing the Battery P ac k To install th e batter y pack 1 T ur n off t he compute r and clos e the LCD s creen lid.
23 nN Getting Started ✍ When you r computer is directly con nected to AC power and has a batter y pack in stalled, it uses power from t he AC outlet.
24 nN Getting Started Charging the Batter y P ack The ba ttery pack supplied wi th your co mputer is n ot fully c harged a t the time o f purchase . To charge th e battery pack 1 Install the batter y pack. 2 Connect t he A C ada pter to the co mputer .
25 nN Getting Started ✍ When th e batter y pack is run ning out of power , both the b atter y and power in dicato r lights bli nk. Keep the bat tery pac k in your comp uter while it is direc tly connected to AC power . The battery p ack continues t o charge while y ou are us ing the comput er .
26 nN Getting Started Removing t he Battery P ac k ! Y ou may lose dat a if you remove t he batter y pack while your computer i s on and not con nected to the A C adapter or if you remove the batter y pack while the co mputer is in S leep mode. To remove the b attery pack 1 T ur n off t he compute r and clos e the LCD s creen lid.
27 nN Getting Started Shutting Down Y our Computer Saf ely To av oid losi ng unsaved data, be su re to sh ut down you r computer properly , as descr ibed belo w. To shut dow n your com puter 1 T ur n off a ny peri pherals connec ted to the c omputer .
28 nN Using Y our V AIO Computer Using Y our V AIO C omput er This se ction desc ribes how to get the mo st out of usin g your VAI O computer. ❑ Using the K eyboar d (page 29) ❑ Using the T ouch P.
29 nN Using Y our V AIO Computer Using the K eyboard Your k eyboard i s very simi lar to a des ktop co mputer keyb oard, but has addi tional keys that per form model- specific tasks. Combinations and Fun ctions with the Fn K ey ✍ Some funct ions are not available bef ore Windows i s launched .
30 nN Using Y our V AIO Computer Fn + (F 10) : zoom Changes the sc reen resolution to magnify/r esto re y our computer's sc reen vie w . ✍ The magn ified view is not as clear a s the stan dard view, as it is implem ented by a pplying a lowe r resoluti on to the co mputer screen wi th a higher resolu tion.
31 nN Using Y our V AIO Computer Using the T ouch P ad You ca n poin t to, select, d rag, and scroll ob jects on the screen using th e touch pad . Action Description P oint Slide one finger on the touch pad (1) to place the pointer (2) on an it em or object.
32 nN Using Y our V AIO Computer Using the Optical Disc Dr iv e Your c omputer is equipped with an opt ical disc drive. To insert a disc 1 T ur n on t he compute r .
33 nN Using Y our V AIO Computer 4 Close th e tra y by pushin g it in gen tly . ! Do not remov e the optical di sc when your com puter is in a power savi ng mode (Sleep or Hibernate).
34 nN Using Y our V AIO Computer Reading and Writing Optical Discs Your co mputer play s and record s CDs and DVD s, dependi ng on the mode l you purch ased. Check y our speci fications fo r the type of optical dis c drive ins talled on your model . Use the ta ble below to see which types of med ia your optical dis c drive supports .
35 nN Using Y our V AIO Computer ! This p roduct is d esigned t o playback discs that c onform to the Compact Disc Digi tal Audio standard sp ecificatio ns (CD Stand ard) . A Dual Disc is a t wo sided di sc product whi ch mates DVD reco rded materi al on one side wi th digital au dio material on the othe r side.
36 nN Using Y our V AIO Computer ! T o pla y copyright prot ected Blu-ray Di scs continuall y , you need to up date the AACS key . Note t hat the AACS key up date requires Internet access. As with ot her optical med ia device s, circumstances m ay limit compa tibility or preve nt Blu-ray D isc playback .
37 nN Using Y our V AIO Computer Notes on writing data to a disc ❑ Use only Sony V alue-add ed software wh en writi ng to CD/D VD media. (e.g. Click to D VD ) Other software pro gr ams m a y not b e fully c ompatible and errors m a y resul t.
38 nN Using Y our V AIO Computer Notes on pla y ing discs To achie ve optim um performa nce when p laying DVDs, y ou should fol low these r ecommend ations.
39 nN Using Y our V AIO Computer ❑ When you are pl a ying a D VD (vide o or audio) an d you want to remove a USB device, such as U SB-compat ible speakers, make sure you stop the D VD fir st. Removing a USB-compa tible device durin g D VD (v ideo or audi o) playback ma y cause a malfuncti on.
40 nN Using Y our V AIO Computer Pla ying CDs To pl ay an aud io CD 1 Inser t a disc into the op tical disc dr ive . 2 If nothing appears on the desk top , then cli c k Start , All Programs , and the desired CD software to play the CD . If the Audi o CD wi ndow appear s, click to select an option.
41 nN Using Y our V AIO Computer Pla y ing D VDs To play a DVD 1 Close al l runn ing software a pplication s. 2 Inser t a D VD into the opt ical disc drive. 3 If nothing appears on the desk top , then cli c k Start , All Programs , and the desired D VD software to play the D VD .
42 nN Using Y our V AIO Computer Using the ExpressCard Module Your c omputer is equipped with eithe r a Univ ersal Ex pressCard slot * o r an Expr essC ard ™ /34 sl ot * for transferring data among digital cameras, camcor ders, musi c players, a nd othe r audio/video devices.
43 nN Using Y our V AIO Computer Inser ting an ExpressCard Module ! Y our computer is delivered with a slot protector in the Ex pressCard sl ot. Remove the slo t protector bef ore you use the slo t for the first time. Use care when inserting or rem oving the Expr essCard module f rom the slot.
44 nN Using Y our V AIO Computer ! Insert th e ExpressC ard slot pro tector to protect agai nst debri s en terin g the slot when not usi ng an Express Card module. Befo re moving you r computer , make sure to insert the Express Card slot prot ector into t he slot.
45 nN Using Y our V AIO Computer Removing an ExpressCard Module Foll ow the steps b elow to re move the Ex pressCard mo dule whil e your com puter is on. If it is n ot removed p roperly, you r system m ay not work properly. To remov e an Expr essCar d module ✍ T o remove an ExpressCa rd module whe n your computer i s off, skip steps 1 to 7.
46 nN Using Y our V AIO Computer Using the Memor y Stic k Media Your c omputer su pports th e Memory S tick med ia. Memory Stick m edia is a co mpact, por table, and versatile IC recording media e specially design ed for exchan ging a nd sharing digital data with com patible products, s uch as di gital ca meras, m obile phones and other devices.
47 nN Using Y our V AIO Computer Inser ting a Memor y Stic k Media To insert a Memory Stick media 1 Hold t he Memor y St ick media with the arrow facing upward and po inting toward the M emor y Stick PRO/Duo media slot. 2 Careful ly slide th e Memor y Sti ck media into the slot unti l it clicks into pl ace.
48 nN Using Y our V AIO Computer ! Be sure to hold th e Memor y Stick me dia with the arrow poi nting in the correct d irection a s you in sert it int o the slot . T o avoi d dam aging your comput er or the Memo ry Sti ck media, do not force the Memor y Stick med ia into th e slot if you can not insert i t smoothly.
49 nN Using Y our V AIO Computer To format a Memo ry Stick media The Me mory Stic k media has been f ormatted in th e factor y default setting an d is ready for use.
50 nN Using Y our V AIO Computer 6 At the c onfir mation promp t, click OK . The for matting proc ess sta r ts. ! It may ta ke time to format the Memory St ick media d ependin g on th e media.
51 nN Using Y our V AIO Computer Removing a Memor y Stic k Media To remove a Me mory Stick media 1 Check that the Memor y St ic k P R O/Duo me dia in dicator is off . 2 Push th e Memor y Stick media i n tow ard the computer. The Mem ory Stick media ej ects.
52 nN Using Y our V AIO Computer Using Other Memor y Cards Your com puter is delive red with the m emory card a dapter for th e Express Card slot t o suppor t the followin g memory cards beside s the .
53 nN Using Y our V AIO Computer Inser ting a Memor y Card To insert a memory card to the memory card adapter 1 Inser t any one of the memor y c ards (2) to t he memor y ca rd adapte r (1). ! Make sure to insert a memor y card into t he memor y card adapter in the correct directi on to avoid possible dama ge to the memo ry card adapter .
54 nN Using Y our V AIO Computer Using the Inter net Setting Up a Dial-up In ter net Connect ion Before you can co nnect to th e Internet , you need to c onnect your computer to a teleph one line w ith a telephon e cable (no t suppli ed). Once you have set up y our telephon e cable con nection, y ou're ready to connect to the In ternet.
55 nN Using Y our V AIO Computer Using Wireless LAN (WLAN ) Using the Sony Wireless LAN (WLAN), all yo ur digital devi ces with built -in WLAN function ality com municate freel y with each other th rough a ne twork. A WLA N is a network in which a us er can conn ect to a loc al area netwo rk (LAN) thr ough a wirele ss (radio) connectio n.
56 nN Using Y our V AIO Computer ✍ In som e countries, u sing WLAN products m ay be restrict ed by the local regul ations (e.g. l imited numb er of channel s). Therefo re, before activ ating the WLAN fu nctional ity , read the Safet y Informat ion carefully .
57 nN Using Y our V AIO Computer The commu nication range varies depending o n the actua l distance between co mmunicati on devices, existence of obstacle s between s uch devi ces, th e radio con ditions, t he ambient envi ronment that includes ex istence of wall s and material s of such walls, an d the software in use .
58 nN Using Y our V AIO Computer Communicati ng without an Access P oint (Ad-hoc) An ad- hoc network is a netw ork in whic h a loca l network is created o nly by th e wireless devic es themse lves, with n o other centr al controll er or acce ss point.
59 nN Using Y our V AIO Computer To commu nicate witho ut an acce ss point (a d-hoc) ! Y ou cannot selec t the 5 GHz band width, which is used for the IEEE 80 2.11 a stan dard, on ad-hoc networ ks. 1 T ur n on the WIRELESS or WIRELESS LAN swi t c h . The Wi reless LA N indicator lights up.
60 nN Using Y our V AIO Computer Communicati ng with an Access P oint (Infrastructure) An infr astructure n etwork is a n etwork that ex tends an e xisting wir ed local ne twork to wire less devi ces by provi ding an ac cess poin t (not supplied ), for example the Sony Acces s Point.
61 nN Using Y our V AIO Computer To conne ct to a wir eless ne twork 1 Make sure an ac cess poi nt is set up. See the m anual that c ame with your acces s point for more informa tion. 2 T ur n on the WIRELESS or WIRELESS LAN swi t c h . The Wi reless LA N indicator lights up.
62 nN Using Y our V AIO Computer Using the Bluetooth Functionality The B luetooth fu nctionality is avail able on sele cted mode ls only. Se e the on line Specificat ions t o see whether your model suppor ts the Blue tooth function ality.
63 nN Using Y our V AIO Computer Notes on using the Blue tooth funct ionality ❑ The dat a transfer rate varies, depending o n the following condi tions: ❑ Obsta cles , such as walls , located b et.
64 nN Using Y our V AIO Computer ❑ The 2 .4 GHz band, with which Bluet ooth de vices or wi rele ss LAN de vices wo rk, is us ed b y v arious de vic es . Blue toot h devices use the tec hnology to minimize the interference from other de vice s that use t he same wav e length.
65 nN Using Y our V AIO Computer Bluetooth Security The B luetooth wire less techn ology has an authentic ation functio n, which a llows you to determine wi th whom you ch oose to commun icate. W ith the auth entication fu nction, you can avoid a ny anony mous Blueto oth device t o acces s your comput er.
66 nN Using Y our V AIO Computer Communicati ng with Another Bluetooth De vice You ca n connec t your compute r to a Bl uetooth devic e such as another com puter, a m obile phone, a PDA, a headset, a mouse, or a digital camera wit hout the use o f any cab les.
67 nN Using Y our V AIO Computer To commu nicate wit h another Blueto oth device To com municate with another B luetooth devi ce, you nee d first to set up the Bluet ooth functiona lity. For s etting up an d using the Blu etooth func tionality , see the hel p file on the Blueto oth utili ty software.
68 nN Using Y our V AIO Computer Using the Bluetooth Headset The Bl uetooth headset (not suppli ed) will come in ha ndy during a v ideo conferen ce over th e Internet using instant mess aging software. For details on using th e Bluetooth he adset, se e the manua l that cam e with you r Bluetooth headset.
69 nN Using Y our V AIO Computer To disconn ect the he adset fro m your compu ter 1 Right-cli ck the Bluetooth icon on the taskbar and select Bluetooth Settings from the me nu. The Bluetooth S ettings window appear s. 2 Right-cli ck the headse t icon and s elect Disconnect from the menu.
70 nN Using P eripheral De vices Using P er ipher al De vices You ca n add fu nctionality to your VA IO comp uter by usi ng the va rious por ts on the c omputer.
71 nN Using P eripheral De vices Connecting a Docking Station Attachi ng a docking station en ables yo u to connect add itional pe ripherals to your com puter, such a s a printer a nd an externa l displa y. A dock ing stat ion is no t supplied wi th your computer an d is ava ilable as a n optional accessory .
72 nN Using P eripheral De vices Locating P or ts on the Doc king Station To p A DC IN indicato r Illumin ates when the docking station is powered . B Cor ner guid e symbols (pa ge 74) C IN USE indica.
73 nN Using P eripheral De vices Bac k ! The dock ing station can be powe red only thro ugh the AC ada pter suppli ed with you r computer . Do not unp lug the AC ad apter from t he docki ng st ation and the AC outlet while us ing the docking stati on; this may cause data damag e or hardware ma lfunction s.
74 nN Using P eripheral De vices Attaching Y our Compute r to the Dock ing Station ! When you r computer ha s no batter y pack instal led, do not att ach the compu ter to the docki ng station .
75 nN Using P eripheral De vices 4 Slide o pen the docking s tation co nnector cover on the bottom of th e compute r . 5 Align t he rear bott om cor ners of the computer with the cor ne r guide sy mbols on the docking station .
76 nN Using P eripheral De vices 6 Gently push down the computer to fix it in to place. 7 Lift open the LCD scre en lid an d turn on the com puter . ! Use the AC adap ter supplied wit h your computer . Do not move your comput er while attache d to the docki ng station; this may det ach the docki ng station and cause damage to both u ni ts.
77 nN Using P eripheral De vices Disconnect ing Y o ur Computer from the Dock ing Station ! T o preven t loss of un saved data, be sure to turn off your co mputer befo re disconne cting it from the docking station. Be sure th at no devices conn ected to the do cking stat ion are in use bef ore disconne cting yo ur computer .
78 nN Using P eripheral De vices To disconn ect your c omputer from the do cking statio n 1 Pres s the UNDOCK b utton (1 ) and wait unt il the IN USE indica tor (2) turns off . ✍ If the IN USE indicato r is unlit, you do not have t o press the UNDOCK butto n.
79 nN Using P eripheral De vices 2 Lift the c omputer awa y from the d ocking station. 3 Close th e docking statio n connector cov er on the bo ttom of the c omputer .
80 nN Using P eripheral De vices Alter natively, yo u can dis connect the c omputer from the doc king statio n as foll ows: 1 Click St art and Undo ck Compu ter . 2 Make sure tha t a mess age balloon appears and the IN USE indicato r tur ns off; and then l ift the comp uter awa y from the docking statio n.
81 nN Using P eripheral De vices Connecting Exter nal Speakers You ca n enhan ce the so und quali ty of your c omputer by connecti ng exter nal speake rs. To connect e xternal speakers 1 Plug the speaker cable (1) i nto the head phones j ac k (2) i . 2 Plug the other end of the speaker cable to the exter nal speaker (3).
82 nN Using P eripheral De vices Connecting an Exter nal Displa y You ca n connec t an external display ( not supp lied) to yo ur comp uter. For exa mple, you can use the compu ter with a co mputer displa y or a projec tor . ✍ Connec t the power cord after co nnecting al l other cable s.
83 nN Using P eripheral De vices Connecting a Computer Disp la y You ca n connec t a comput er display (monitor ) either di rectly to y our co mputer or v ia the option al docki ng statio n. To connect a compute r display ! The moni tor (VGA) port on your co mputer is not acc essible whe n the computer is attached to the do cking stat ion.
84 nN Using P eripheral De vices Connecting a Multimedia Computer Displa y You ca n connec t a multime dia comp uter displa y that inc ludes bu ilt-in spe akers and a micro phone direc tly to yo ur comput er or vi a the optio nal dock ing station.
85 nN Using P eripheral De vices.
86 nN Using P eripheral De vices Connecting a TV You ca n connec t a TV to yo ur compu ter. To connect a TV to your co mputer 1 Plug the power cord of your TV int o an AC outlet. 2 Plug one end of an S Vid eo cable (not supplied ) into the S VIDEO OUT por t on the com puter an d the other end to the TV .
87 nN Using P eripheral De vices Connecting a Projector You ca n connec t a projecto r (for examp le, the So ny LCD proje ctor) direc tly to your computer o r via the op tional dock ing stati on. To connect a projecto r ! The moni tor (VGA) port on the com puter is not accessible when the compute r is attached to the docking stati on.
88 nN Using P eripheral De vices.
89 nN Using P eripheral De vices Selecting Displa y Modes You can se lect which display to be used as the primary mon itor when an ext ernal displa y (desktop mon itor, etc.
90 nN Using P eripheral De vices Using the Multiple Monitors Function The M ultiple Monitors f unction allows you to dis tribute por tions of your des ktop ac ross sep arate disp lays.
91 nN Using P eripheral De vices To sele ct the Mul tiple Mo nitors mode 1 Right-cli ck on t he desktop an d select Per sonaliz e from the sh or tcut menu. 2 Click D ispla y Sett ings . The Display Settings window app ears. 3 F ollow th e on-screen instruc tions to change th e settings.
92 nN Using P eripheral De vices Connecting an Exter nal Microphone If yo u need to u se a sound i nput devi ce (for exam ple, to chat over th e Internet ) you need t o plug in an external microphon e (not s upplied). To con nect an ex ternal micropho ne Plug th e micropho ne cable (1 ) into the mi crophon e jack (2) m .
93 nN Using P eripheral De vices Connecting a Universal Se rial Bus (U SB) De vice To prev ent your computer an d/or USB devices fro m damage, o bserve the following : ❑ When movin g the compute r with USB de vices c onnected, a void any shock or force to the US B por ts.
94 nN Using P eripheral De vices Connecting a USB Flopp y Disk Dr iv e You ca n purcha se a USB flo ppy disk d rive and c onnect it to y our comput er. To connect a USB floppy d isk drive 1 Choose th e USB por t (1) you pref er to us e. 2 Plug the USB floppy disk dr ive cable (2) into th e USB por t.
95 nN Using P eripheral De vices Disconnect ing a USB flopp y disk driv e You c an disconn ect a US B floppy disk dri ve when your comp uter is o n or off . Discon necting the drive whe n the co mputer i s in a pow er savi ng mode ( Sleep or Hi bernate) ma y cause the comp uter to malfun ction .
96 nN Using P eripheral De vices Connecting a Prin ter You ca n connec t a Window s-compati ble prin ter to yo ur computer to prin t document s. Connecting a Printer Using the USB P or t You ca n connec t a USB prin ter compati ble with your version of Windo ws to the comp uter.
97 nN Using P eripheral De vices Connecting an i.LIN K De vice Notes on connecting i.LI NK de vices ❑ Y our co mputer is equipped with an i. LINK por t, wh ich you can us e to con nect to an i. LINK device su ch as a di gital vi deo camcorde r or to con nect two V A IO computer s in order to copy , d elete or edi t files.
98 nN Using P eripheral De vices Connecting a Digital Video Camcorder To connect a digital vi deo cam corder 1 Plug on e end of an i.LINK ca b le (1) (not supp lied) into the i.LINK por t (2) on the compu ter and th e other e nd into the D V In/Out po r ts (3) on t he digital v ideo camco rder .
99 nN Using P eripheral De vices Connecting to a Networ k (LAN) You ca n connec t your comp uter to 1000B ASE-T* /100BASE- TX/10BASE -T-type networks with an Ethern et network c able.
100 nN Using P eripheral De vices ! T elep hone lines canno t be connect ed to the network (L AN) connector on your computer . If the netwo rk (LAN) connect or is connected t o the telephone l ines mentione d below, high electric current to the connector may cause d amage, overhe ating, or fire.
101 nN Customizi ng Y our V AIO Computer Customizing Y our V AIO Computer This section briefly de scribes how to cha nge the main s ettings o f your VAIO computer . Among oth er things, y ou will learn how to us e and custom ize the l ook of your S ony software and utiliti es, etc.
102 nN Customizi ng Y our V AIO Computer Setting the P ass word Use one of the BIOS f unctions to set the pas sword. Once you have set the pa ssword, yo u will have to enter th e password after the V AIO logo ap pears to s tart your c omputer. The po wer-on passwo rd will all ow you to protect the c omputer fro m unauthori zed access.
103 nN Customizi ng Y our V AIO Computer To add the power- on pas sword 1 T ur n on t he compute r . 2 Pres s the F2 k ey when the V AI O logo appea rs. The BIOS setup scree n appears. If not, restar t the c omputer and p ress the F2 key se ver al times when the V AIO logo appears.
104 nN Customizi ng Y our V AIO Computer Changing/Remo ving the P ower- on P ass wo rd To change or remove th e power- on password 1 T ur n on t he compute r . 2 Pres s the F2 k ey when the V AI O logo appea rs. The BIOS setup scree n appears. If not, restar t the c omputer and p ress the F2 key se ver al times when the V AIO logo appears.
105 nN Customizi ng Y our V AIO Computer Setting Up Y our Computer with V AIO Central The VAIO Centra l utility allow s you to con sult syste m informati on and spe cify prefere nces for sys tem behavio r. To use V AIO Cent ral 1 Click St art , All Pro grams , and V A IO Central .
106 nN Customizi ng Y our V AIO Computer Using the P ow er Sa ving Modes When y ou use a bat tery pack as t he power sour ce for your c omputer, you can take advantage of power ma nagement setti ngs to conse rve battery life.
107 nN Customizi ng Y our V AIO Computer Using Sleep Mode Sleep mode turns off the LCD screen and pla ces the ha rd disk and the CPU into a l ow power consumptio n mode. T he umbe r power l ight flashes i n this mode. To activate Sle ep mode Click Start , the arrow n ext to the Lock button, and Sl eep .
108 nN Customizi ng Y our V AIO Computer If the computer i s not use d for 25 minu tes, it will enter Sleep mode. To avoid this , you can change the Sleep mode settin gs. To change the Slee p mode settings 1 Right-cli ck the power status ic on on the t askbar and select Po wer Opt ions .
109 nN Customizi ng Y our V AIO Computer Using Hibernate Mode In Hiber nate mode , the state o f the system is saved on t he hard di sk and powe r is turned off . Even whe n the battery runs down, no data will be lost. The power in dicator li ght is off in this mode .
110 nN Customizi ng Y our V AIO Computer ✍ If you do not use your comput er for a long period of t ime, place the computer into Hib ernate mode. Thi s power saving mod e saves you t he time of shuttin g dow n or r esuming . When you r computer is in Hibernate mode , you cannot i nsert a disc.
111 nN Customizi ng Y our V AIO Computer Managing P ow er with V AIO P ow er Management Power management helps you set up powe r schemes for r unning on AC power or batteries t o suit yo ur requirem ents for powe r cons umptio n. VAIO Power Management is a software ap plication d eveloped exclusivel y for VAIO c omputers.
112 nN Customizi ng Y our V AIO Computer Activ ating V AIO P ow er Management P ower Schemes VAIO Power Management provid es sever al predefin ed power schemes.
113 nN Upgrading Y our V AIO Computer Upgrading Y our V A IO Computer Your V AIO compu ter and m emory modu les use high preci sion co mponents and electroni c connec tors tech nology. To avoid inval idation of the warranty du ring your product war ranty per iod, we reco mmend that : ❑ Y ou contac t your dealer to install a new memor y module.
114 nN Upgrading Y our V AIO Computer Adding and Removing Memor y If you want to expan d the functional ity of you r computer, y ou can incr ease the memor y by instal ling optio nal memory m odules. Before you upgrade y our computer 's memory, rea d the notes an d procedures in the following pages.
115 nN Upgrading Y our V AIO Computer ❑ Use the special b ag delivered wi th the mem or y module or wrap t he module in aluminum f oil to protect i t from elec trostatic dischar ge.
116 nN Upgrading Y our V AIO Computer Removing and Installing a Memor y Module To change or add a memory m odule 1 Shut down the c omputer and discon nect all periphe ral devices. 2 Unplug th e computer a nd remov e the batter y pack. 3 W ait unti l the com puter co ols down.
117 nN Upgrading Y our V AIO Computer 6 Remove the memor y modu le: ❑ Pull the latches in the dire ction of th e arrows (1). The mem ory module i s released. ❑ Make sure that th e memor y mod ule tilts up and the n pull it out i n the direc tion of the arrow (2).
118 nN Upgrading Y our V AIO Computer 8 Slide t he memor y mod ule into t he memor y mod ule slot and push it i n until it clicks into pla ce. ! Do not to uch any other compone nts on the moth erboard. Make su re to i nsert th e memor y modu le edge with a notch i nto the memor y module slot.
119 nN Upgrading Y our V AIO Computer Viewin g the Amount of Memor y To view the amount of me mory 1 T ur n on t he compute r . 2 Click St art , All Pro grams , and V A IO Central . The V AIO Cent ral window appear s . 3 Click the System Informat ion tab .
120 nN Precau tions Precautions This section describe s safety gui delines an d precautio ns to help you pro tect your VAI O comput er from pote ntial dam age.
121 nN Precau tions On Handling the LCD Screen ❑ Do not leave the LCD screen facing the su n. This could da mage the LCD scree n. Be careful when using your comp uter near a w indow . ❑ Do not sc ratch the LCD s creen or ex er t pres sure on it . This could cause a mal function.
122 nN Precau tions On Using the P ow er Source ❑ See the o nline Sp ecification s to check the power operati on of your model. ❑ Do not sh are the AC outlet with o ther power-consum ing equip ment, suc h as a photoc opier or shr edder . ❑ Y ou can p urchase a power strip wi th a surge protector .
123 nN Precau tions On Handling Y our Comput er ❑ Clean the cabinet w ith a soft cloth, which is dr y or lightly moi stened with a mild dete rgent so lution. Do not use any type of abrasi v e pad, s courin g powder , or solvent such as a lcohol o r benzine, as these may damage t he finish of your compu ter .
124 nN Precau tions ❑ Use only specifie d periph eral equipmen t and inter f ace cables; othe rwise, problems may occur . ❑ Do not us e cut or dam aged conne ction c ab les. ❑ If your computer is broug ht directly from a col d location t o a war m one, moistur e may condense inside the comput er .
125 nN Precau tions On Handling Flopp y Disks ❑ Do not ope n the shutt er manually o r touch t he surface of the flo pp y disk. ❑ K eep flop p y disks awa y from magne ts. ❑ K eep flop p y disks awa y from di rect sunl ight and ot her sourc es of heat.
126 nN Precau tions On Handling Discs ❑ Do not touc h the surface of the disc. ❑ Do not dr op or bend th e disc. ❑ Finger pr ints and dust on t he surface of a disc may cause read erro rs. Alwa ys hold the di sc by its edges and central hole, as shown below: ❑ Proper c are of the disc is e ssentia l to its c ontinuous rel iability .
127 nN Precau tions On Using the Batter y P ack ❑ Do not leave batter y packs in t emperatures a bov e 140°F (60 °C), such a s in a ca r parked in the sun or unde r direct sunlig ht. ❑ Batter y li f e is shor ter in a cold environm ent. This is due to dec reased batte r y efficien cy at low temp eratures.
128 nN Precau tions On Using Headphones ❑ Road safety – Do not use headph ones while d riv ing, cycling , or operat ing any motor ized v ehi cle. It may create a traffic hazard and is ill egal in som e areas. It c an also be po tentially dangerous to play loud music whil e walking, espec ially at pedestr ian cr ossings.
129 nN Precau tions On Handling Memor y Stic k Media ❑ Do not us e the media in a loc ation subje ct to static electr icity o r electri cal noise. ❑ Do not touc h the Mem or y Stick media connecto r with your finger or metalli c objects. ❑ Use only the adhes iv e lab el suppl ied with th e Memor y Sti ck media as a l abel.
130 nN Precau tions On Handling the Hard Disk The ha rd disk ha s a high storage dens ity and reads or wri tes data in a short tim e. However, i t can be e asily dama ged by mechan ical vi bration, sh ock, or dus t.
131 nN Precau tions On Handling the Memor y Card Adapter ❑ Do not touc h the mem or y card adapte r connec tor with your finge r or metal lic object s. ❑ Use only the adhes iv e lab el e xclu siv ely des igned for the memor y c ard adap ter as a lab el.
132 nN T r oublesho oting T rou b leshoo ting This section d escribes how to sol ve comm on problem s you m ight enc ounter when using y our VAIO computer. Many prob lems have s imple solu tions. T ry these sugg estions before vis iting the So ny onlin e support W eb site at: http: //esu ppor t.
133 nN T r oublesho oting ❑ A udio/Video (page 16 8) ❑ Memory S tick Media (page 1 69) ❑ P erip heral s (page 170) ❑ Docking St ation (page 171).
134 nN T r oublesho oting Computer What should I do if m y computer does not st ar t? ❑ Make sure your comput er is securel y plugged into a power sourc e and tur ned on. Ma k e sure the pow er indi cator shows the power is on . ❑ Make sure the b atter y pack is i nstalled pr operly and cha rged.
135 nN T r oublesho oting What should I do if a BIOS error appear s when I turn on my computer? If the message "P ress <F1> to resume, <F2 > to setup" a ppears at th e bottom of y our compu ter screen, fo llow these s teps: 1 Pres s the F2 key .
136 nN T r oublesho oting What should I do if the pow er indicat or (Green) lights b ut m y computer screen sta ys bla nk ? Foll ow these steps : 1 Press and hold the power button f or more t han f our seco nds to check that the power indic ator goes out.
137 nN T r oublesho oting Wh y doesn't my computer enter Sle ep or Hiber nate mode? Your co mputer may become unstable if t he operat ing mode i s change d before the c omputer complete ly enters Sl eep or Hibernate. To restore you r computer to normal op erating stability 1 Close al l open programs.
138 nN T r oublesho oting What should I do if a message windo w , notifying o f incompatibility or improper installa tion of the battery pac k, appears and my computer enters Hibernate mode? ❑ This sy mptom co uld be due to the batter y pack not being install ed proper ly .
139 nN T r oublesho oting What should I do if m y g ame software does not w ork or it k eeps cr ashing? ❑ Check the Web site of the game if the re are any patche s or updates to download. ❑ Make sure you have installed the latest vide o driver . ❑ On some V AIO mo dels, the graphics mem ory is shared with the syste m.
140 nN T r oublesho oting What should I do if I cannot boot my computer from the USB flo pp y disk driv e connected to the computer? To boo t your comp uter from th e USB floppy disk drive , you need to change the boot devi ce. Turn on your co mputer an d press the F11 key when the V AIO logo ap pears.
141 nN T r oublesho oting System Security This section provides informat ion about kee ping you r computer operatin g smoothly and protecti ng against p otentia l threats to the c omputer's secu rity.
142 nN T r oublesho oting Batter y How do I fi nd the batter y charging stat us? See Charging the B attery Pack ( page 24) . When is m y computer using A C po wer? When y our compute r is dire ctly conne cted to the AC adapter , it uses A C power, even if the batt ery pack i s install ed.
143 nN T r oublesho oting Should I b e concer ned that the installed batter y pack is warm? No, it is normal for th e battery pa ck to be w arm when it is p owering your computer.
144 nN T r oublesho oting Inter net What should I do if m y mod em does not work? ❑ Make sure the te lepho ne cable is secur ely plugged into the m odem por t on your com puter and the wall jack. ❑ Make sure t he telepho ne cable is wor king. Plug the cable into an ordinar y tel ephone and listen for a dial t one.
145 nN T r oublesho oting Wh y is m y modem connection slow? Your c omputer is equipped with a V.9 2/ V.90 compatib le modem. Many fact ors may in fluence m odem con nection spee d, inclu ding telep hone line n oise or com patibility w ith telepho ne equipme nt, such as fax machin es or other modems.
146 nN T r oublesho oting Networking What should I do if m y computer cannot connect to a wireless LAN access point? ❑ Connecti on av ailability is affected by distanc e and obst ructio ns. Y ou m a y need to m ov e your compute r a wa y from obst ruct ions or cl oser to any ac cess po int you may be using.
147 nN T r oublesho oting Wh y is the data tr ansf er speed slo w? ❑ The wi reless LAN data transfer speed i s affected by distan ce a nd obstr uctions between devices and acces s poin ts. Other factors incl ude device configu rations, radio con ditions, and so ftware comp atibility .
148 nN T r oublesho oting What are channels? ❑ Wireles s LAN co mmunicatio n occurs o n divided freq uency ba nds known as channels. Thir d-par ty w ireless LAN access poin t channels m ay be preset to d iff erent c hannels f rom Sony devices.
149 nN T r oublesho oting Bluetooth T echnolog y What should I do if o ther Bluet ooth de vices cannot disco v er m y compu ter? ❑ Make sure both devices hav e the Bluetooth functi onality enabled. ❑ If the Bl uetooth ind icator is off, turn on the WIREL ESS sw i t c h .
150 nN T r oublesho oting What should I do if o ther Bluet ooth de vices cannot con nect to m y computer? ❑ Make sure the o ther device is au thenticate d. ❑ Y our co mputer may not all ow connections from other de vices. T o en ab le Bl uetooth device con nections, follow these st eps: 1 Right-c lick the Bluetoo th icon on t he taskba r .
151 nN T r oublesho oting Wh y is m y Bluetooth connectio n slow? ❑ The dat a transfer speed depen ds on the o bstacles a nd/or the distance between the two de vices, on t he radio wav e quality , and on the operating sy stem or the software in use.
152 nN T r oublesho oting Can I use a de vice with Bluetooth technolog y on air planes? With Bluetooth technol ogy, your com puter tran smits a radio frequency of 2.4 GHz. S ensitive location s, suc h as h ospitals a nd airpl anes, may have re striction s on use of Blueto oth devices, due to radio interferenc e.
153 nN T r oublesho oting Optical Discs Wh y does my computer freez e when I tr y to read a disc? The di sc that your co mputer is t rying to read may be di rty or dam aged. Follo w these steps : 1 Restar t the comp uter by clicking Start , the arrow next to the Lock b utton, and Rest art .
154 nN T r oublesho oting What should I do if I cannot pla y a CD o r D VD prop er ly on m y computer? ❑ Make sure t he disc was ins er ted into the optic al disc dr ive with the la bel f aci ng upward. ❑ Make sure t he necessar y program(s) is instal led accor ding to the manufacturer's inst ruc tions.
155 nN T r oublesho oting 6 Double-click the de sired dr ive . Y ou can c onfir m the dr iv er software by selecti ng the Driver tab , and c licking Driver Details . 7 Click OK to close the window . ❑ Make sure a n adhesive label is not affixed to a CD o r D VD .
156 nN T r oublesho oting What should I do if I cannot write data to CD media? ❑ Make sure you neith er launc h any software a pplication nor allow any to lau nch autom atically , not ev en a sc reen saver .
157 nN T r oublesho oting Displ a y Wh y did my computer scr een go blan k? ❑ Y our comput er screen ma y go blank i f the computer has lo st power or has en tered a power saving mode (Sleep or Hiber nate). If the co mputer i s in LCD (V ideo) Sleep mo de, press any k ey to activate the computer screen.
158 nN T r oublesho oting How do I change the screen resolution on my TV screen? ❑ Y our TV scr een may not show the w hole screen i mage of a v ideo if the s creen resol ution is se t larger th an 1024 x 768. Adjust the scr een reso lution to 1024 x 768 or smalle r .
159 nN T r oublesho oting Wh y doesn't my computer screen displa y a video? ❑ If the exter nal displ a y is selected f or the di splay output and t he externa l display is disconn ected, you cannot displ a y a video on your computer sc reen.
160 nN T r oublesho oting What should I do if t he e x ternal displa y sta y s b lank? If yo u cannot cha nge the di splay output with the Fn + F7 keys , you nee d to chang e the settings for the e xternal disp lay with VAIO Centr al .
161 nN T r oublesho oting Pr inting What should I do if I cannot print a document? ❑ Make sure your pr inter is on, and the printer cable is secu rely connec ted to the po r ts on the p rin ter and comp uter . ❑ Make sure your pr inter is compatible wit h the Wind ows operating syste m installed on your compute r .
162 nN T r oublesho oting Microphone What should I do if m y microp hone does not work? If yo u are using an external microphon e, make sur e the micro phone is tur ned on and is proper ly plugged i nto the mi crophone jack on your com puter.
163 nN T r oublesho oting Mouse What should I do if m y computer does not re cogniz e m y mouse? ❑ Make sure your mous e is secur ely plugge d into the p or t. ❑ Res tar t y our co mpute r wi th y our mous e conn ect ed. What should I do if t he pointer does not mov e when I use m y mouse? ❑ Make sure anoth er mouse i s not connec ted.
164 nN T r oublesho oting Speak ers What should I do if m y spea kers do not w ork? ❑ Make sure your speakers a re proper ly connec ted and the v olume is tu rned up loud en ough to hea r sound. ❑ Make sure your speakers a re designed f or compu ter use.
165 nN T r oublesho oting T ouch P ad What should I do if t he touch p ad does not work? ❑ Y ou may hav e disabled the to uch pad witho ut connectin g a mouse to y our computer . See Using the T ouch P ad (page 31) . ❑ Make sure that a mouse i s not connected to your compu ter .
166 nN T r oublesho oting K e yboard What should I do if t he k e yboard configur ation is wrong? The la nguage lay out of your c omputer's ke yboard is l abeled on t he packag ing box. If you choose a d ifferent reg ional keybo ard when yo u complet e the Wind ows setup, the key co nfiguration will be mis matched.
167 nN T r oublesho oting Flopp y Disks Wh y doesn't the Saf ely Remov e Hardwar e icon appear on the t askbar when the drive is connected ? Your com puter doe s not recog nize the floppy disk drive. Fir st, make s ure the USB c able is pr operly c onnected to th e USB port.
168 nN T r oublesho oting A udio/Video What should I do if I cannot use my D V camcorder? If the message app ears to ind icate DV equipment seems to be d isconnect ed or tur ned off, the i.LINK ca ble may n ot be securel y plugge d into the p orts on you r compu ter or cam corder.
169 nN T r oublesho oting Memor y Stick Media What should I do if I cannot use Memor y Stick media , which were fo r matted on a V AIO computer , on other de vices? You may need to refo rmat your Memory Sti ck media. Form atting Mem ory Stick m edia erases all data , includ ing musi c data pr eviously saved on it.
170 nN T r oublesho oting P eripherals What should I do if I cannot connect a USB de vice? ❑ If applic able, chec k the USB device is tur ned o n and usi ng its own power supply . F or e xample, if you are us ing a di gital camera, che ck the batter y is charged .
171 nN T r oublesho oting Dock ing Station Wh y can't I use my TFT/D VI monitor connected to the D VI-D por t? The DVI-D port on th e docking s tation is enabled onl y when a m odel with the NVIDIA vid eo control ler is attache d to the docki ng station.
172 nN Support Options Suppor t Options The s ection conta ins informati on on wher e to go for an swers to que stions a bout your V AIO comput er and the preinstalled software . Sony Suppor t Inf or mation See the following source s for answe rs in the s equence l isted below.
173 nN Support Options 5 V A IO Update When yo ur computer is connec ted to the Internet, VAIO Update automati cally noti fies you wh en critic al software a nd security i nformation is pos ted on the support Web site. Clic k the VAIO Updat e notic e to ope n the VA IO Suppor t Web site and vi ew th e info rmat ion.
174 nN Support Options For users in Latin Amer ican countri es or areas Cust omer I nform ation Center If you do not fi nd the in formatio n you are looking for at our site, you may call Son y directly.
175 nN Support Options In orde r to contac t a Sony te chnical s upport repres entative , please ca ll the fol lowing num bers: ❑ In Arge ntina: (011) 67 70-SONY ( 7669) ❑ In Me xico : In Me xico .
176 nN Support Options Program Suppor t Inf or mation Dependi ng on the c omputer m odel and p articular c onfigurat ion you pur chased, yo ur compu ter may not include all of the software p rograms lis ted below. Contacts for Sony software p roducts are listed below : ❑ F or us ers in USA We b si t e http://es uppor t.
177 nN Support Options America Online ® ( Dial-Up) Ameri ca Online, Inc. ❑ F or use rs in USA and Canada We b si t e http://www .aol.com AOL ® Musi c No w Ameri ca Online, Inc. ❑ F or use rs in USA and Canada We b si t e http://www .premiums er vices.
178 nN Support Options AOL ® Inst ant Messe nger ™ Ameri ca Online, Inc. ❑ F or use rs in USA and Canada We b si t e http://www .aim.com Ask Sear ch Assistant IAC Searc h & Media , Inc. For cont acts abou t the software , see Program Support Information (page 17 6) .
179 nN Support Options Click to DVD ® softw are Sony E lectronic s Inc. At the tou ch of a but ton, Click to DVD software al lows you to a utomaticall y burn DVDs fr om a digital video (DV ) device.
180 nN Support Options Imag e Conv erte r 2 Plu s Sony E lectronic s Inc. Image Converter 2 P lus allows you to eas ily conv ert movie a nd pictur e files on your co mputer to yo ur Memor y Stick ® media. For cont acts abou t the software , see Program Support Information (page 17 6) .
181 nN Support Options 60-Day Trial Version of Microsoft ® Offi ce ! The Mic rosoft Offi ce 60-Day T rial software i ncluded wi th this comput er system is intended for evaluati on purposes only . The sof twa re ha s been instal led and you mu st activat e the software before you can use it.
182 nN Support Options Netscape ® Browse r Ameri ca Online, Inc. ❑ F or use rs in USA and Canada We b si t e http://br owser .net scape.com Norto n Interne t Securi ty ™ Symante c Corporation ❑ F or use rs in USA and Canada We b si t e http ://www .
183 nN Support Options Quicken ® New User Edition Intuit Inc . ❑ F or use rs in USA and Canada We b si t e http://www .intuit.com /suppor t/q uick en/ Roxio ® Easy M edia Creator ® 9 Suit e Sonic Sol utions ❑ F or use rs in USA and Canada We b si t e http://s uppor t.
184 nN Support Options SonicSta ge ® softw are Sony E lectronic s Inc. The So nicStage jukebox software pr ogram giv es you al l the tools you need t o manag e music on your co mputer. SonicS tage softw are suppor ts high-qua lity digita l audio st orage, a sl eek pla yer skin des ign, and a udio CD burni ng capabil ity.
185 nN Support Options Ulead BD D iscRecorde r for VAIO ® compu ters Ulead S ystems, Inc. For ques tions and technical assistanc e, pleas e check the help and th e readme fil es. VAIO ® Acti on Setup Sony E lectronic s Inc. VAIO Ac tion Setup manages t he setting s for your c omputer's s hortcut keys .
186 nN Support Options VAIO ® Central Sony E lectronic s Inc. VAIO Ce ntral provid es a cen tral locati on that gath ers reso urces t o configure your VAIO compute r and view y our compute r's configura tion and s pecificati ons. For cont acts abou t the software , see Program Support Information (page 17 6) .
187 nN Support Options VAIO Me dia ™ software Sony E lectronic s Inc. VAIO Medi a ™ software br ings mult imedia to y our netwo rk, enablin g you to sha re musi c, video, an d still i mage file s between y our VAIO ® computers.
188 nN Support Options VAIO ® Update Sony E lectronic s Inc. The VA IO Update utili ty helps y ou keep your V AIO ® compute r up to date by regularly ch ecking th e Sony online support Web si te for impor tant software updates a nd informati on for your s pecific VA IO compute r model.
© 2007 S ony Corpor ation n.
An important point after buying a device Sony VGN-C200 (or even before the purchase) is to read its user manual. We should do this for several simple reasons:
If you have not bought Sony VGN-C200 yet, this is a good time to familiarize yourself with the basic data on the product. First of all view first pages of the manual, you can find above. You should find there the most important technical data Sony VGN-C200 - thus you can check whether the hardware meets your expectations. When delving into next pages of the user manual, Sony VGN-C200 you will learn all the available features of the product, as well as information on its operation. The information that you get Sony VGN-C200 will certainly help you make a decision on the purchase.
If you already are a holder of Sony VGN-C200, but have not read the manual yet, you should do it for the reasons described above. You will learn then if you properly used the available features, and whether you have not made any mistakes, which can shorten the lifetime Sony VGN-C200.
However, one of the most important roles played by the user manual is to help in solving problems with Sony VGN-C200. Almost always you will find there Troubleshooting, which are the most frequently occurring failures and malfunctions of the device Sony VGN-C200 along with tips on how to solve them. Even if you fail to solve the problem, the manual will show you a further procedure – contact to the customer service center or the nearest service center
