Instruction/ maintenance manual of the product 8800C Fisher
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Model 8800C and Model 8800A V or tex Flowm eter with F OUNDATI ON ™ Fieldbus (Dev ice Re vis ion 2) 00809- 0100-477 2 Englis h Re v . D A.
Product Man ual Model 8800C and Model 8800A V or tex Flo wmeter with F OUNDATION ™ Fieldb us (Device Rev ision 2 ) Rosemo unt, th e Rosem ount lo gotype, Fi sher -Rosem ount, M anagin g the Pr ocess B etter, and Plan tWeb are mark s of on e of th e Fishe r-Ros emount gr oup of compan ies.
T ab le of Contents Procedures and instructions in this manual may require special precautions to ensure the saf ety of t he personnel perf orming the operations. Refer to the safety messages at the beginning of each section befor e performing any op erations.
ii Calibratio n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-22 Software Configurati on . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-22 T agging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
iii Filtering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-14 Flow Ra te V alue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-14 Shedding Frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
iv Remote E lectronics P rocedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-19 Disconnect the Coaxial Cable at the Mete r . . . . . . . . . .6-19 Detach the Meter Adapte r . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-20 Attach the Meter Adapt er .
v Configuratio n Data Sheet (CDS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-14 Item . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-14 U .S. Unit (SI Unit) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
vi Applicatio n Example: Pres sure Tran smitter use d to Me asure Level in an Open T ank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-9 Situation # 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-9 Solution t o Situati on #1 .
vii APPENDIX D Operation with Fisher-Rosemount ® DeltaV™ Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-1 Software Functional ity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-1 Configure the L oop .
Section 1-1 1 Intr oduction HOW TO USE THIS MANUAL This manual pr ovides ins tallation, configuration, t roublesho oting, and other procedur es for the Rosemount Model 8800C V ortex Flowmeter with F OUN DAT ION fieldb us . S pecificatio ns and other important infor mation are also i nclude d.
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION ™ Fieldbus 1-2 SAFET Y MESS AG ES Procedures and instructi ons in this manual may requir e special precau tions to ens ure th e safe ty of the pers onne l perfo rming the operations .
Section 2-1 2 Installation Section 2 provide s specific inf ormation pertaini ng to th e installa tion o f the Model 8 800C V ortex Flo wmeter wit h F OUNDAT ION fieldbus . SAFET Y MESS AG ES Instructions and procedures in this sectio n may require special precau tions to ens ure th e safe ty of the pers onne l perfo rming the operati ons .
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION ™ Fieldbus 2-2 Flo wmeter Orientation Design pro cess piping so the meter bod y will remain full , with no entrapped air . Allow enough straig ht pipe both upstream and downstream of the met er body to ensure a nonskewe d, symmetrical profile.
2-3 Installation Upstream/Downstrea m Piping The vortex meter may be installed with a minimum of ten straight pipe diameters (D ) upstream and five straight pipe diameters (D) downstrea m. Rated accuracy is based on the number of pipe diameters from an upstrea m disturbance.
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION ™ Fieldbus 2-4 Har dware Configuration The hardw are jumpers on the Mo del 8800C Flowmeter en able you to set the fi eldbus simulat e enable and tra nsmitter secu rity (see Figure 2-4).
2-5 Installation LCD Indicator Option If your electroni cs are equipped with the LCD indicator (O ption M5), the fieldbus simulate e nable a nd transmitt er security jumpers are located on the face of the indicator as shown in Figure 2-5. Figure 2-5. LC D Indicator Fie ldbus Simula te En able an d T ra nsm itt er Security J umpers.
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION ™ Fieldbus 2-6 T ABLE 2- 1. Minim um Recommen ded Stud B olt Le ngth s for W afer Inst all ati on with ANSI Flanges. T ABLE 2- 2. Minim um Recommen ded Stud B olt Le ngth s for W afer Inst all ati on with DIN Flanges.
2-7 Installation W a fer -Style Flo wmeter Alignment and Mounting Center the wafer-style m eter b ody in side dia met er wi th respe ct to t he inside diame ter of t he adjo ining upstrea m and down stream piping, which will ensure that the flowmeter achieve s its specified accuracy .
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION ™ Fieldbus 2-8 FIGURE 2-6. W afe r-Style Flowmet er Install ation with Al ignment Rings. FIGURE 2-7.
2-9 Installation Flanged-Style Flowmeter Mounting Mounting a flanged-s tyle flowme ter is s imilar to instal ling a typi cal sectio n of pipe. C onventi onal tools , equipment, a nd accessories (such as bolts a nd ga skets) are required . Tight en the nuts f ollow ing the sequ ence shown in Figure 2- 8.
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION ™ Fieldbus 2-10 High-T emperature Ins tallations Inst all the mete r body so the el ectr onics are p ositio ned t o th e side of or below the pipe, as shown in Figure 2- 1 on page 2- 2. Insulation m ay be required aro und the pi pe to mainta in a temper ature below 185 °F (85 °C).
2-11 Installation Figure 2-10. Flanged-Style Flo wmeter Dimension al Drawings ( 1 / 2 - through 8-in. / 15 through 200 m m Line Size s). T ABLE 2-5. Flanged -Style Flo wmeter ( 1 / 2 -t h r o u g h2 - i n .
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION ™ Fieldbus 2-12 T ABLE 2-6. Flanged-Styl e Flowmete r (3- through 8-in. / 80 through 200 mm Line Siz es). (1) (1) Ref e r to Figure 2-10. Nominal Size Inch (mm) Flan g e Rating Face-to-face A Inch (mm) A ANSI RTJ Inch (mm) Diameter B Inch (mm) C Inch (mm) We ight (2) lb (kg) (2) Add 0.
2-13 Installation Figure 2-11. Waf er-Style Dimens ional Dr aw ings ( 1 / 2 - through 1 1 / 2 -in. / 15 through 40 mm Line Sizes) . NO T E Electr onics hou sing may be r otate d in 90 degree inc rements. T erminal Cover 1.00 (25) NO T E Dime nsions are in i nches (mi llimeter s).
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION ™ Fieldbus 2-14 Figure 2 -12. W afer-Style Dimensional Dr awings (2 - through 8-in. / 50 thr ough 200 mm Li ne Siz es). NO T E Electro nics housi ng may be rotated in 90 deg ree increm ents.
2-15 Installation Figure 2 -13. V or te x Dual-Sensor Style Fl owm eter Dim ensional Dr awings ( 1 / 2 - through 8-in. / 15 through 200 mm L ine Sizes). T ABLE 2-11. V or tex Dual-Sens or Style Flowmeter ( 1 / 2 through 1 1 / 2 -in. / 15 through 40 mm Line Siz es).
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION ™ Fieldbus 2-16 T ABLE 2-12. V or tex Dual-S ensor Style Flowm eter (2- through 8-in. / 50 through 200 mm L i ne Sizes ).
2-17 Installation Figure 2 -14. Dimensio nal Dra wings f or Remote M ount T ransmit ters. Figure 2 -15. Dimensional Drawings f or Remote Moun t Wa fer-Style F lowmeters ( 1 / 2 - t hroug h 8-in. / 15 th rough 2 00 mm Li ne Sizes) . NO TE Dimensions ar e in inches (millime ters).
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION ™ Fieldbus 2-18 Figure 2 -16. Dimensional Dra wings f or Flanged- and Dual-Sen sor Flang ed-Style Remote M ount Flo wmeters ( 1 / 2 - thr ough 8-inch / 15 through 20 0 mm Line Sizes). E NO T E Dimens ions ar e in inche s (millim eters).
2-19 Installation ELECTR IC AL CONSIDERATIONS Prope r elect rical inst allation is neces sary to preve nt errors due to electrical noise and interference.
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION ™ Fieldbus 2-20 Figure 2- 17. Model 8800C T ransmitter Field W ir in g. Remote E lectronics If you order one o f the remote electro nics options (opti ons R10, R20, R30, or RX X), the f lowmete r assembly w ill be s hipped in two p arts: 1.
2-21 Installation Cable Connections Refer to Figure 2-18 and the following instructions to connect the loose end of the coaxial cable to the elect ronics housing.
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION ™ Fieldbus 2-22 Calibration Model 8 800C F lowmeters are wet-cal ibrated at the factory a nd need no further calibration duri ng installation. Th e calibratio n factor (K-factor) is stamped o n each meter body and is entered into the el ectronics .
Section 3-1 3 Flo wmeter Operation Section 3 covers basic opera tion, software f unctionality , and b asic configuration p rocedures f or the Mo del 8800C V ortex Flowmete r with F OUNDATION fi eldbus.
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION ™ Fieldbus 3-2 ASSIGNING DEV ICE T AG AND NODE ADDRESS The Model 8 800C Fl owmeter is shipped with a bla nk tag and a tempor ary addres s to allow a host to a utomati cally ass ign an add ress and a ta g.
3-3 Flowmeter Operation GENERAL BLOC K CONFIGURATION In general, only t he transducer bl ock and A I block have configurations for flow-specific parameters . All other function blocks are configured by linking the AI block to othe r blocks to be used f or control and/or monitoring app lications.
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION ™ Fieldbus 3-4 Cascade Control Cascade cont rol appl ications require two input s . T he config uration is to link the outpu t of one AI b.
Section 4-1 4 T ransducer Bloc k OVERVI EW Sect ion 4 contains informatio n on the M odel 8800C V ortex Flowmete r transducer block. Descrip tions of a ll transduce r block param eters, errors, and diagnostics are liste d. Also, the mod es, alarm detection, status ha ndling, application informat ion, and trou bleshoo ting are discusse d.
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION ™ Fieldbus 4-2 Configuration Or de r The Model 8 800C Transd ucer Block parame ters can be co nfigured in any order , but the following is offered as a recommende d procedure and can be used as a checklist f or configurat ion item s .
4-3 T ransducer Block If Standard/N ormal e ngineering units are s elected (N ormal m 3 /sec, Standard ft 3 / sec, etc .) and you have the Density Ratio , then you must configure: 1. P rocess Densit y Rati o Using the Resource Block RESTART parameter , initiate a PROCESS OR restar t.
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION ™ Fieldbus 4-4 P arameters and Descriptions T ABLE 4-1. T ransducer Bloc k Pa rameters . P aramet er Index Number Def init ion ALERT_KEY 4 The aler t ke y is the identification number of the plant unit.
4-5 T ransducer Block LFC_IN_ENG_UNITS 44 This read-only parameter will indicate Lo w Flow Cutoff in currently configured engineering units. LINEAR_TYPE 27 This parameter represents the linearization type used to describe the behavior of the sensor output.
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION ™ Fieldbus 4-6 PROCESS_TEMP_UNITS 52 The engineer ing units of process temperature: 1001 = °C 1002 = °F PROCESS_TEMPERA TURE 51 P rocess temperature is the configured temperature of the process fluid, in unit s of °C or °F .
4-7 T ransducer Block SIMULA TION_UNITS 62 This defines the units used to interpret the Simulation Hi gh and Low points. Acceptable values are: 1 = PV Engineer ing Units: V alues ar e in currently configured engineer ing units. 2 = PV Percent of Range: V alues are a perc ent of PV Range.
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION ™ Fieldbus 4-8 Bloc k/T ransducer Error s The following conditions are reported in the BLOCK_ERR and XD_ERROR parameters. Conditions in italics are inactive for the transducer block and are given here o nl y for your reference .
4-9 T ransducer Block Diagnostics In additio n to the BLOCK_ERR and XD_ERROR para meters , more detailed information o n the me asurement s tatus can be o btained vi a TB_ELECTRONICS_STATUS . T able 4-4 lists the potenti al errors and the poss ible correctiv e actions for the giv en values.
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION ™ Fieldbus 4-10 Alarm De tection Alarms are not generated by the t ransducer block. By correctly handling the s tatus of the channel va lues, the down st ream blo ck (AI) will generate the nece ssary a larms for the me asurement.
4-11 T ransducer Block T RANSDUCER BLOCK The transd ucer block contains the actu al flow me asurement d ata. The data include informat ion about sens or type, engineer ing units, digital filter se ttings, damping, and diagnostics. Pr ocess V ariable s (PV) PV V alue PV V alue is the actual meas ured flow rate in t he line.
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION ™ Fieldbus 4-12 This value mus t be enter ed if usin g Standar d or Norma l units (SCFM , SCFH, NCMM, NCMH, NCMD).
4-13 T ransducer Block Servic e T ype The flowmet er can be used f or liquid or gas /steam applic ations, but it must be confi gured specif ically for t he applicati on. If th e flowme ter is not configured for the prope r service type , readings will be inaccurate.
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION ™ Fieldbus 4-14 Flange T ype Flange Type enables yo u to specify t he type of flan ge on the flowmeter for later reference. This variable is pres et at the factory but can be cha nge d i f ne ce ssa r y .
4-15 T ransducer Block Filter A uto Adjust The F i lter Auto Adjus t is a function that can be used to optimize the range of t he flowmet er based on the den s ity of the f luid. The elec tronics uses process dens it y to calculate the minimum measurable flow rate, while reta ining at leas t a 4.
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION ™ Fieldbus 4-16 Sim - Ex tern al Ge nera tor Sim - External G enerator f l ow allows you to disconnect the se nsor electronically so an external f requency source can b e used.
Section 5-1 5 Resour ce Bloc k OVERVI EW Section 5 contai ns information o n the Mode l 8800C F lowmeter reso urce block. Descriptions of all resource block parameters, erro rs, and diagnost ics are included. Also the modes, alarm detection, status handling, V irtual Communication Relationships (VCRs), and troubles hooti ng are dis cussed.
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION ™ Fieldbus 5-2 DEV_REV 12 DEV_REV spec ifies the manuf acturer revision number associated with the res ource— used by an i nterface device t o locate the DD file f or the resource.
5-3 Resource Bloc k SA VE_CONFIG_BLOCKS 57 This parameter represents the number of EEPROM b locks that ha ve been modified since the last burn. This value will count down to zero when the configuration is saved. SA VE_CONFIG_NOW 56 SA VE_CONFIG_NOW controls saving of configuration in EEPRO M .
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION ™ Fieldbus 5-4 Bloc k Errors T able 5-2 li sts cond itions repo rted in the BL OCK_ER R parameter . Conditions in italics are inactiv e for the reso urce blo ck an d are gi ven here only for your referen ce.
5-5 Resource Bloc k Alarm De tection A block alarm will be generated whenever the BLOCK_ERR has an error bit set. The types of block error for the resource block are defined above (see T able 5 -2). A write alarm is generate d whenever the WRIT E_LOCK p arameter is cleared .
Section 6-1 6 Maintenance and T roub leshooting T able 6-1 provides summarized trou b leshooting s uggestions f or t he most common problems that occur during operation.
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION ™ Fieldbus 6-2 T ROUB LESHOOTING TA B L E S The most commo n problems experienced by users of the M odel 8800C Flowmete r are list ed in T able 6-1, along with potentia l causes of the proble m and sugg ested co rrective actions.
6-3 Maintenance and T roubleshooting Flow in P ipe, Incorrect Output (cont inued ) 50/60 Hz Measurement • Ma y indicate electrical or magnetic interf erence; c heck the meter ground. • If the meter is located near a large motor or electric furnace, tr y diff erent meter orientations to reduce the noise.
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION ™ Fieldbus 6-4 ADV AN CED T ROUB LESHOOTING Th e Model 8800C ele ctronics provid es several adva nced troubles hooting fe atures. These feature s enhance your abili ty to lo ok inside the e lectronics a nd can be help ful for troubl eshoot ing inaccurate readings.
6-5 Maintenance and T roubleshooting TP1 is easil y measured wi th standard equip ment. Figures 6- 3, 6-4, a nd 6-5 s how ide al (clean ) waveforms and waveforms that m ay cause th e outp ut to be in accurate. Pleas e consu lt the factory if the wave form you detect is not similar in principle to these wa veforms.
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION ™ Fieldbus 6-6 Shedding Frequency O ut Shedding freq uency out is prob ably the easies t point to measure and interpret; i t is the final waveform after all fi ltering has taken pl ace.
6-7 Maintenance and T roubleshooting HARD WAR E MAINTENANCE The Model 8800C Flowmeter has no moving parts and requires a minimum amount of scheduled maintenance . The transmitter features a modular design for easy maintenance. I f you suspect a malfunction, chec k for an external cause before perfo rmi ng the diagnostics presented b elow .
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION ™ Fieldbus 6-8 Replacing the F OUNDATION Fieldb us T erminal Block in the Housing T o replace the F OUND ATION fieldbus field termina l block in the housing, you will nee d a small, flat-he a d screwdriv er .
6-9 Maintenance and T roubleshooting Replacing the F OUNDATION Fieldb us Electr onics Boar ds The Model 8 800C Fl owmeter F OUNDATION field bus el ect roni cs boar ds may ne ed to be re placed if they hav e bee n dama ged or ot herw ise become dysf unctional.
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION ™ Fieldbus 6-10 Install the E lectronics Boards 1. V erify that electri c power to the Model 8 800C Fl owmeter is off . 2. Align the two electroni cs boards over the capt ive screw holes in the housing .
6-11 Maintenance and T roubleshooting 5. Use a hex wren ch to loosen the hou sing rotati on screws (at the base o f the el ectronics housing) by turning t he screws clockwise (inward) unti l they clear the bracket. Se e Figure 6- 9. Figure 6-9. Ho using Rotation Scre ws.
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION ™ Fieldbus 6-12 Replacing the Sensor The sensor for the M odel 8800C is a se nsitive i nstrument that shou ld not be removed unless t here is a problem with it. If you must replace the senso r , follow t hese procedures closely .
6-13 Maintenance and T roubleshooting Sensor Compatibility Guide 1. Determine the sensor serial number . The senso r serial number is located on t he top of the sensor . 2. V e rify meter body number designator as either “none”, “ A”, or “B”.
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION ™ Fieldbus 6-14 Replacing the Sensor : Remov able and Integral Suppor t T ubes The following procedure app lies to flowmeters equipped with a removable sup p ort tube , i.e. all flanged meters and ½- throug h 4-inch (DN 15 thr ough 1 00) wafer mete rs.
6-15 Maintenance and T roubleshooting Integral Support Mount (fo r 6- to 8-in. wafer meters ) 6. Remove access cover . (See Figure 6-11.) FIGURE 6 -11. Integ ral Support T ube Asse mbl y . 7. P roce ed to step 8. 8. Loosen an d remove the se nsor nut from the sens or cavity with a 1 1 / 8 -inch open end wrench.
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION ™ Fieldbus 6-16 Cleaning the Sealing Surface Before installing a sensor in the meter body , clean the s ealing surface by completing the fo llowing procedure .
6-17 Maintenance and T roubleshooting Sensor Installation 1. Carefully pla ce sensor over the post in the s e nsor cav ity . 2. Insure that the sensor is cent ered on the post. See Fig ure 6-13 for an example o f imprope r installati on and Figure 6-14 for an examp le of proper insta llation.
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION ™ Fieldbus 6-18 3. S ensor shoul d rema in as close to verti cal a s possib le whe n applying force to seat. See Figure 6-15. FIGURE 6 -15. Sensor Installa tion – Applying F orce. 4. M anually push do wn on the se nsor by ap plying equa l pressure for engagement onto the po st.
6-19 Maintenance and T roubleshooting Remote E lectronics Pr ocedure If the Model 88 00C elec tronics hous ing is mount ed remotely , some replaceme nt procedures are diff erent than for the fl owmeter with integral electronics. The fo llowing pro cedures are exactly the same: • Rep lacing the Field T erminal Blo ck (see page page 6- 8).
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION ™ Fieldbus 6-20 Detach the Meter Adapter The above instructions w ill provid e access to the mete r body .
6-21 Maintenance and T roubleshooting Coaxial C able at the Electroni cs H ousing Disconnect the Coaxial Cable from the Electronics Housing 1. Loosen th e three screws fr om the housing ad apter . 2. Remove the a dapter from th e housing. 3. L oosen and remo ve the co axial cabl e nut from t he bas e of the electron ics housing .
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION ™ Fieldbus 6-22 Connect the coaxia l cable 1. At tach and securely tighten the co axial cabl e nut to the connectio n on the electronics housing . 2. Ali gn the housing adapte r with the housing and attach with three screws .
6-23 Maintenance and T roubleshooting RETURN OF MATERIAL T o expedite the return process, call the Rosemount North American Respon se Center at 800 -654-RSMT (7768) . The ce nter , available 24 hours a day , wi ll assist y ou with any ne eded informat ion or materials.
Section 7-1 7 Options The optio ns available for the Mo del 8800C Flowmet er are d escribed in this section. The numbers in parent heses refer to the codes used to order ea ch option.
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION ™ Fieldbus 7-2 Figure 7-1. Mod el 8800C Flowmete r with F OUNDATION Fiel dbus with Option al Indicator . The indicator features an eight-character (and five alphanumeric) LCD that gives a direct reading of the digital si gnal from the microprocess or .
7-3 Options Installing the Indic ator F or flowmeters ordered wi th the LCD indi cator , the indicator is shi pped installed. When purchased s eparately from the Model 88 00C Flowmete r , y ou must inst all the indicator using a small instrument screwdriver and the indicator kit.
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION ™ Fieldbus 7-4 Diagnostic Messages In ad dition to the outp ut, the LCD indicator di splays diag nostic messages for t roubleshootin g the flowme ter . These me ssages are as follow s: FA U LT _ R O M The flowmete r electronics ha ve undergone an EPROM chec k sum fault.
Section 8-1 8 Specifications SPECIFICA TIONS Functional Specifications Servic e Liquid, gas, and steam appl ications. Fluids must be homogeneous and single-pha se. Line Sizes W afer , Flanged, and Dual-Sensor Style 1 / 2 , 1, 1 1 / 2 , 2, 3, 4, 6, and 8 in.
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION TM Fi el dbus 8-2 NO TE The ρ in T ables 2 and 3 i s the process f luid densit y at flow ing conditi ons in lb/ft 3 for ft/s and kg/m 3 for m/s . Process T emperature Limits Standar d –40 to 4 50 °F (–4 0 to 2 32 °C).
8-3 Specifications T A BLE 8 -5. Air Flow R ate Li mit s at 59 °F ( 15 °C) . NO TE The Model 8800C Flo wmeter measures the volumetric flo w under operati ng conditions (i.e., t he actual volume at the operat ing pres- sure a nd temperature—acfm or acmh) , as shown above.
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION TM Fi el dbus 8-4 T ABLE 8-6. Saturated Steam Flo w Rate Limits. Process Pressure Flow Rate Limits Minimum and Maximum Saturated Steam (1) Flow Rates (1) Assumes Steam Quality is 100%. ½ in.
8-5 Specifications Pressure Limits Flange and wafer rated for ASME B16.5 (ANS I) Class 150, 300 , and 600; DIN PN 10, 16, 25, 40, 6 4, and 100; and JIS 10K, 20K, and 40K. P ower Suppl y External pow er supply required. Flowmet er oper ates on 9 to 32 V dc, 17.
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION TM Fi el dbus 8-6 KEMA/CENE LEC Flameproof Cert ifications ED EEx d ia IIC T6 (T amb =70 °C) Special Conditions When installing the instrum.
8-7 Specifications Pressure Loss Equations to determin e approximat e pressure lo ss: Engli sh Metric where: ∆ P = Press ure loss (psi or kP a) r f = Density at operat ing condit ions (lb/ft 3 or kg/m 3 ) D = Flowmeter bore diameter (in.
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION TM Fi el dbus 8-8 Alarms The AI block allows the user to configure the alarm to HI-HI, HI, LO, or LO-L O wi th a vari ety of prio rit y lev els. Security When the secu rity jumper is on, t he electron ics will not allow you to modify parame ters that affect flowme ter output.
8-9 Specifications Liquids—for Re y nolds Number s ov er 20,000 Gas and Steam— for Rey nolds Numbers o v er 15,0 00 NO TE As the Re ynolds nu mber decrea ses below th e stat ed limit to 10 ,000, the positive limit of the accuracy error band will increase to 2.
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION TM Fi el dbus 8-10 Vibration Effect An output with no proces s flow may be detec ted if sufficient ly high vibration is prese nt.
8-11 Specifications Process-We tted Mate rials Meter Body 316L wro ught s tainless and CF-3 M cast stainles s or Hast ello y C-22 and C-276 w rought Hastello y or CX2MW a nd CW1 2MW cast Hast elloy . Flanges 316/316L stainle ss stee l. Collars Hastel loy C- 22.
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION TM Fi el dbus 8-12 OR DERING INF ORMATION Mode l Product Description 8800C V or tex Flo wmeter, Stainless Steel W afer , Flanged, and Dual-s.
8-13 Specifications Code Option s PlantW eb S oftware Functions A01 Basic Control: One Propor tional/Integral/ Der ivativ e (PID) Function Block • Hazardous Locatio n Certifications E5 Factory Mutua.
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION TM Fi el dbus 8-14 CONFIGURATION DATA SHEE T (CDS) One comple ted configurat ion data sheet (008 06-0100- 4772) is required for each flowmeter ordered.
Section 9-1 9 Electr onics V erification Electronic s verification of the Model 8 800C can be do ne by either utilizing t he internal signa l simulatio n capability or by a pplying a n exte rnal si gnal sourc e to the “TEST FREQ IN” a nd “GND” pins .
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION TM Fieldbus 9-2 ELECTRONI CS V ERIFICATION Electronics function ality can be verified v ia two different verification methods: • Flow Simu.
9-3 El ectr onic s V erif icatio n Electr onics V erifica tion U s i n ga nE x t e r n a l Frequency Generator If an ext ernal frequ ency so urce is desi rable, then test p oints at th e top of the electr onics are ava ilable (s ee Figure 9- 2).
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION TM Fieldbus 9-4 Calculating Output V ariables with Kno wn Input Frequency Use the following equations wit h a known input frequency fo r verificati on of a flow rate wit hin a given calib rated range.
9-5 El ectr onic s V erif icatio n T o V erify a Mass Flow Rate P erform the following calculation to verify a mass flow rate for a given mass f requency and K- factor (compe nsated).
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION TM Fieldbus 9-6 T ABLE 9-1. Unit Con version s. ρ =operating density C x Units (act) Con version F actor C 1 gal/s 1.00000E+00 C 2 gal/m 1.66667E-02 C 3 gal/h 2.77778E-04 C 4 Impgal/s 1.20095E+00 C 5 Impgal/m 2.
9-7 El ectr onic s V erif icatio n EXAMPL ES The f ollowing examples illustrate the calculatio ns that may be nece ssary for your app licatio n. The firs t set of th ree example s is in English units.
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION TM Fieldbus 9-8 Example 2 (E nglish Units) In this appli cation, an inp ut freq uency of 400 .00 Hz rep resents a flow rate of 19 ,271.2 lb/h. Given: • M = mass flow rate • F = freque ncy: 400.
9-9 El ectr onic s V erif icatio n Exam ples: SI Units Example 1 (SI Units) In th is ap plica tion, an i nput fre quency of 80 .00 Hz rep resent s a flow rate of 1, 686.8 lp m. Given: •Q = f l o w r a t e • F = frequency: 8 0.00 Hz • K = K-facto r (compensa ted): 10.
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION TM Fieldbus 9-10 Example 2 (SI Units) In this appli cation, an inp ut freq uency of 650 .00 Hz rep resents a flow rate of 3, 446.4 kg /hr . Given: • M = mass flow rate • F = freque ncy: 650.
Appendix A-1 A F OUNDATION ™ fieldb us T echnolog y and Fieldb us Function Bloc ks OVERVI EW This section introduces fieldbus systems t hat are common to all fieldbus devices .
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION TM Fi el dbus A-2 Figure A-1 illustrate s the in ternal structure o f a function block. When execution begins , input parameter values from other blocks are snapp ed-in by the b l ock. The input snap process ens ures that these values do no t change during the block ex ecution.
A-3 F OUNDATION TM fieldbus T echnology and Fieldb us Function Bl ocks interoperabili ty of function blocks within device s from various vendors. Additional ly , human int erface devi ces , such as operat or consoles and computers , do not have to be prog ra mmed specificall y for each type o f device on the bus .
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION TM Fi el dbus A-4 Figure A-2. Simpl e, Single-Link Fieldb us Network. Link Active Scheduler (LAS) All links h ave on e and only o ne Link Ac tive Sche duler (LAS ). Th e LAS operate s as the bus arb iter for the link.
A-5 F OUNDATION TM fieldbus T echnology and Fieldb us Function Bl ocks De vice Addr essing Fieldbus uses addr esses bet ween 0 and 255. Addr esses 0 through 15 are reserved for group addre ssing and for use by the data link layer . F or all Fish er -Rosemount fieldbus devices addresse s 20 through 35 are available to the device.
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION TM Fi el dbus A-6 Figure A-3 . Scheduled Da ta T ra nsfer . Unscheduled T ransfers Figure A-4 diagrams an unscheduled transfer . Unschedule d transfers are used fo r things like user-initiated changes, including set po int changes , mode changes , tuning changes , and upload/download.
A-7 F OUNDATION TM fieldbus T echnology and Fieldb us Function Bl ocks Function Block Scheduling Fig ure A-5 sho ws an ex ample of a link schedul e. A single iteratio n of the lin k-wide schedu le is called t he macrocycle . When the syst em is configured and the function blocks are linked, a master link- wide schedule is created for the LAS.
Appendix B-1 B Analog Input (AI) Function Bloc k The Analog Input (AI) funct ion block processes field device measureme nts and mak es them ava ilable to other functio n blocks. The output val ue from the AI block is i n engineeri ng units and contains a status indicating the qu a lity of the measurement.
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION TM Fi el dbus B-2 BLOCK_AL M 21 None The block alarm is used for all confi guration, hardware, connection f ailure or system problems in the b lock. The cause of the alert is entered in the subcode field.
B-3 Analog Input (AI) Function Bloc k Simulatio n T o support t e sting , you can either c hange the mode of t he bloc k to manual and adjust the output value, or you can enable simulation through the configuration tool and manually enter a value for the measurement value and i ts status .
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION TM Fi el dbus B-4 Figure B-1. Analog I nput Functio n Block Schem atic. Figure B-2. Analog In put Function Bloc k Timing Diagr am. Filtering The fil tering featur e changes the respon se time of the devi ce to smooth variations i n output readings caused by rapid change s in input.
B-5 Analog Input (AI) Function Bloc k Signal Con version Y ou can set t he signal co nversion ty pe with the Linear ization Ty pe (L_TYPE) parameter . Y ou can view the converted signal (in percent of XD_SC ALE) through the FIELD_V AL parameter .
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION TM Fi el dbus B-6 Indirect Square Root Indire ct Square Root signal conversio n takes the square ro ot of the value computed w ith the indirect s ignal convers ion and scale s it to the range and unit s of the PV and OUT parame ters .
B-7 Analog Input (AI) Function Bloc k • Out of Se rvice (O/ S) Th e block is not process ed. FIELD _V AL and PV are not upda ted and the OUT status is se t to Bad: Out of Service. The BLOCK_ERR parameter shows Out of Service . In this mode, you can make change s t o all configurable parameters.
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION TM Fi el dbus B-8 NOTES 1. The inst rument must be in Manual or O u to fS e r v i c e m ode to set th e status opt ion.
B-9 Analog Input (AI) Function Bloc k . Figure B-3. Analog In put Function Bloc k Diagram f or a T ypical T emper ature T ransmi tter . Application Exa mple: Pressure T ransmitter us ed to Measure Level in an Open T ank Situation # 1 The level of an open t ank is to be me asured usi ng a pres sure tap at the bottom of the t ank.
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION TM Fi el dbus B-10 Figure B-5. Fu nction Bloc k Diagram f or aP r e s s u r eT r a n s m i t t e ru s e di nL e v e l Measur ement.
B-11 Analog Input (AI) Function Bloc k Application Example: Differential P ressure T r ansmitter to Measure Flow Situation T he liquid f low in a l ine is to be me asured usi ng the d iffer ential pressu re across an orific e plate i n the li ne, a nd the flow m easurement will be use d in a fl ow control lo op.
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION TM Fi el dbus B-12 T roubleshooting Refer to T able B-7 t o trouble shoot any p roblems that you e ncounter . T ABLE B-7. T roub leshooting . Symptom Possible Cau ses Corrective Action Mode will not leave O OS T arg et mode not set.
Appendix C-1 C PID Function Bloc k The PID function block comb ines al l of the nece ssary log ic to perform proportiona l /integral/ derivative (P ID) control. The b lock suppo rts mode control, signal s caling an d limiting, feedforward control, override tracking, alarm limit detection, and signal status p ropagati on.
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION TM Fi el dbus C-2 T o further customize the block fo r use in your app lication, you can configure filte ring , feedforward input s, t racking inputs , setpoint and output li miti ng, PID equation struct ures, and block ou tput ac tion.
C-3 PID Function Bloc k FF_SCALE 41 None The high and low scale v alues, engineering units code, and number of digits to the right of the decim al point associated with t he feedf orward value (FF_V AL). FF_V AL 40 EU of FF_SCALE T he feedf orward contro l input v alue and status.
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION TM Fi el dbus C-4 SP_FTIME 69 Seconds The t ime constant of the f irst-order SP filter . It is the time r equired for a 63 percent change in the IN value. SP_HI_LIM 21 EU of PV_SCALE The highest SP v alue allowed.
C-5 PID Function Bloc k Figure C-1. PID Func tion Bloc k Schematic. FF_V AL BKCAL_IN TRK _IN_ D CAS_IN IN TRK _V AL FF_ GA IN FF_SCALE RCAS_OUT RCAS_IN SP_HI_LIM SP_LO_LI M SP_RA TE_DN SP_RA TE_UP SP_.
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION TM Fi el dbus C-6 Setpoint Selection and Limiting The setp oint of th e PID bloc k is de term ined b y the mode. Y ou c an configure the SP _HI_LI M and SP _LO_ LIM param eters to limi t the setpoint.
C-7 PID Function Bloc k Output Selection and Limiting Output s election is determined by t he mode and the setpoint. In A utomatic , Cascade , or RemoteCascade mode, the output is computed by the PID control equation.
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION TM Fi el dbus C-8 Rever se and Direc t Action T o configure the bloc k output action, en able the Direct Acting control option. This option defines the relatio nship between a ch ange in PV and the corres ponding cha nge in output.
C-9 PID Function Bloc k RemoteOutput (Rout)—The OUT IS provided by a host computer that writes to t he ROUT_IN parameter Local Override (LO)—T he track functio n is act ive.
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION TM Fi el dbus C-10 Status Handling If the input sta tus on th e PID blo ck is Bad , the mode of th e block reverts to Ma nual . In addition, you can se lect the T ar get to Manu al if Bad IN status option to direct the target mode to revert to manual.
C-11 PID Function Bloc k The MOD E parameter is a switch tha t indicates t he targ et and a ctual mode of opera t ion. Mode selecti on has a large impact on the operati on of the PID block: • Manual mod e allows the ope rator t o set t he val ue of the lo op output signal directly .
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION TM Fi el dbus C-12 Solutio n The PI D loop us es TT10 1 as a n input and p rovides a sign al to th e analog ou tput TCV1 01. The BKCAL_O UT of the AO block and t he BKCAL_IN of the PID block communicate the status and quality of information b eing passed be tween the blocks.
C-13 PID Function Bloc k Figure C -6. Fun c tion Blo ck Diagr am fo r Feed forw ard Control. Application Example: Cas cade Contr ol with Master and Slave Loops Situation A s lave loop is added to a basic P ID cont rol configurati on to mea sure and control st eam flow to the stea m heater .
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION TM Fi el dbus C-14 Solutio n If the flow is control led, st eam pres sure variati ons will be compens ated befo re they sig nificant ly affect th e heat exc hanger te mperatu re . The output f rom the master te mperature loop is used as the setpoint for the sla ve steam flow loop .
C-15 PID Function Bloc k If the instrument connect e d to the AI block fails, you can place the AI block in Manua l mode and set the output to some nominal value for use in the I nteg rator f uncti on b lock. In this case, IN at the s lave PID bl ock is con stant an d preve nts the in tegral term from i ncreasin g or decreasing.
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION TM Fi el dbus C-16 T roubleshooting Refer to T able C-3 t o trouble shoot any p roblems that you e ncounter . T ABLE C-3. T roublesh ooting. Symptom Possible Cau ses Corrective Action Mode will not leave O OS T arg et mode not set.
C-17 PID Function Bloc k Mode sheds fro m RCAS to AUT O Remote Cascade V alue Host system is not wr iting RCAS_IN with a quality and status of “good cascade” within shed time (see 2 below). Shed Timer The m ode shed timer , S HED_RCAS in the resource block is set too low .
Appendix D-1 D Operation with Fisher -Rosemount ® DeltaV ™ INTR ODUCTION Appendix D provides s pecific instructi ons for perfor ming basic configuration op erations on the Mo del 8800C V ortex Flowme ter using the Fisher-Rosemount Del taV host s oftware .
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION TM Fi el dbus D-2 CONFIGURE THE LOOP T o compl etely configure the tr ansmitt er for use in a fieldbus l oop, you must perform t he following procedure: 1.
D-3 Operation with Fisher-Rosemount ® DeltaV ™ The FI ELDBUS D EVI CE PROPERTIES dialog bo x appears ( see Figure D-2). Figure D-2. FIEL DBUS DE VICE PR OPERTIES Dialog Box . 4. Enter a ll of the requeste d device inf ormation in the dialog box. NOTE The Delta V software auto matically complete s the ADDRESS field.
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION TM Fi el dbus D-4 Define the Control Strategy 1. Cli ck STAR T and s elect DELTAV > ENGINEERING > CONTROL STUD IO from the menus that appear . The MAIN CONTRO L STUDIO screen appears (see Figure D- 3 ).
D-5 Operation with Fisher-Rosemount ® DeltaV ™ 6. Co nnec t the blo cks as yo u want th em to ex ecu te. F o r the p urpos e of this ex ample, we connecte d the blocks a s in Figure D -5. NOTE If you are not able to draw connections between the blocks (as in Figure D-5), select t he CONNECT but ton ( ) and try again.
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION TM Fi el dbus D-6 The DEVICE COMMISSIONIN G WIZARD – ST AR T dialog box ap pears (see F i gure D-7). Figure D-7. DE VICE COMMISSIONING W IZARD – START Dialog Bo x. 4. Cli ck NEXT . The DEVICE COMMISSIONING WIZARD – RECONC ILE BLOCK dialog box 1 appe ars (see Figure D-8).
D-7 Operation with Fisher-Rosemount ® DeltaV ™ The DEVICE COMMISSIONING WIZARD – RECONC ILE BLOCK dialog box 2 appe ars (see Figure D-9). Figure D-9.
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION TM Fi el dbus D-8 Figure D- 11. W AITING FOR DEV ICE TO CHANGE STATE Dialog Bo x. Once the Delt aV software finishes commis sioning the device, the ico n in DELTAV EX PLORER changes from noncommiss i oned ( ) to commissioned ( ).
D-9 Operation with Fisher-Rosemount ® DeltaV ™ The TRANSDUCER BLOCK PR O PER TIES dialog box appears ( see Figure D-14) . Figure D- 14. T RANSDUCER BLOCK PR OPERTIES Dialog Box . 5. Cli ck the MODE tab. 6. S elect the O U TO FS E R V I C E (OOS) check box and dese l ect the AUT O check box i n the TA R G E T M O D E column of the dialog bo x.
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION TM Fi el dbus D-10 The ACTUAL MODE region changes to OOS . 9. Cli ck OK to return to the DELTA V EXPLORER . 10. Right-click on the TRANSDUCER blo ck icon to acce ss the CONFIGURATION PARAMETERS menu.
D-11 Operation with Fisher-Rosemount ® DeltaV ™ Download the Control Strate gy to the Device 1. Click ST AR T and select DE LTAV > ENGINEERING > CONTROL STUD IO from the menus that appear . The MAIN CONTRO L STUDIO screen appears (s ee Figure D-17).
Appendix E-1 E Appr o v al Drawings CSA Intrinsic Safety Installation Dra wings Rosemount Dr awing 08800-0111 , Rev . AA, 2 S heets: CSA Intrinsic Saf ety Installatio n Drawings for Model 88 00C . FM Intrinsic Safety Installation Dra wings Rosemount Dr awing 08800-0106 , Rev .
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION TM Fi el dbus E-2 8800-0 111AA.
E-3 Appro val Draw ings 8800-011 AA03.
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION TM Fi el dbus E-4 8800-011 1AA05.
E-5 Appro val Draw ings 8800-01 11AA04.
I-1 Inde x A Accuracy ....... ........... ...... 8 - 8 Address ..... .............. ...... A - 5 tempor ary ........... ......... A - 5 temporar y node ......... ...... 3 - 2 AI block configu ratio n genera l ........ ........... 3 - 3 tempe rature spec ific .
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION ™ Fi el dbus I-2 Device descriptions definition ...... ........... ... A - 2 Device ID ......... ........... .. 2 - 2 2 Device t ag .. ........... ......... 3 - 2 Diagram PID block ........
I-3 Ind ex Installatio n ....... ........... ... 2 - 1 Electrical ......... ........ .. 2 - 1 9 Wiring .............. ........ 2 - 1 9 Installatio n Effects ........... .. 4 - 1 3 Installatio n T asks .... ........ ... 2 - 5 Intrinsic Safety Insta llatoin Draw ings E-1 Introduction .
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION ™ Fi el dbus I-4 PID b lock ......... ..............C - 1 BLOCK_ERR conditions ..... ... C - 8 closed l oop con trol ....... .....C - 1 0 diagram .... .............. ... C - 1 filtering .. .
I-5 Ind ex Cleaning the Sensor Sealing Surface ....... ........... .. 6 - 1 6 Remova ble Support Tube ...... 6 - 1 4 Sensor Serial Number ........ .. 4 - 1 1 Sens or Signal St rength ......... 4 - 1 4 Service Ty pe ........... .... 4 - 1 1 ,4 - 1 3 Setpoin t selectio n PID block .
Rosemount Model 8800C V ort ex Flo w meter with F OUNDATION ™ Fi el dbus I-6 W W afer -style Flowmeter Alignment and Mounting .. ......... ........... 2 - 6 W afer-style F lowmet er Installat ion with Alignment Rings .... ...... 2 - 8 W etted Mate rial .
00809-01 00-4772 Rev. DA 1/00 ¢00809-0100-4772 S¤ Rose mount In c. 8200 Market Boulevard Chanhassen, MN 55317 USA T el 1-800-999-9307 Fax (612) 949-7001 © 2000 Rosemount Inc.
An important point after buying a device Fisher 8800C (or even before the purchase) is to read its user manual. We should do this for several simple reasons:
If you have not bought Fisher 8800C yet, this is a good time to familiarize yourself with the basic data on the product. First of all view first pages of the manual, you can find above. You should find there the most important technical data Fisher 8800C - thus you can check whether the hardware meets your expectations. When delving into next pages of the user manual, Fisher 8800C you will learn all the available features of the product, as well as information on its operation. The information that you get Fisher 8800C will certainly help you make a decision on the purchase.
If you already are a holder of Fisher 8800C, but have not read the manual yet, you should do it for the reasons described above. You will learn then if you properly used the available features, and whether you have not made any mistakes, which can shorten the lifetime Fisher 8800C.
However, one of the most important roles played by the user manual is to help in solving problems with Fisher 8800C. Almost always you will find there Troubleshooting, which are the most frequently occurring failures and malfunctions of the device Fisher 8800C along with tips on how to solve them. Even if you fail to solve the problem, the manual will show you a further procedure – contact to the customer service center or the nearest service center
