Instruction/ maintenance manual of the product ZeusIOPS SimpleTech
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Zeus IOPS Fibre Channel 3.5-Inch Solid State Drive Product Manual 61000-04522-101: Revision 1.0.
ii Export Administra tion Regula tion This document may conta in technica l data co ntrolled by the U.S. Export Administration Regulations, and may be subject to the appr oval of the U.S. Department of Commerce prior to export. Any export, directly or indirectly, in contravention of the U.
ZEUS IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1.0 iii M ANUAL C ONVENTIONS The following icons are used throughout this document to identify additional information of wh ich the reader should be aware. SHOCK HAZARD: This icon indicates the danger of an electrical shock that may harm or otherwise prove fatal to the user.
iv ZEUS IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel So lid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1. 0.
Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1.0 v R EVISION H ISTORY Revision Status Summary Sheet Revision Date Sheet(s) Affected 0.
vi Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1. 0.
Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1.0 vii T ABLE OF C ONTENTS Manual Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ii i Revision History . . . . . . . . . . .
viii Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Dr ive Product Manual Rev. 1.0 Reliability .................................................................................................................... ..... 21 Environmental Characteristics ..
Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1.0 ix Ready LED Out Signal ..................................................................................................... ...... .. 29 -Parallel ESI and SEL_n/P_ESI_n .....
x Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1. 0 Verify (10) (2Fh) ...................................................................................................... 48 Write Buffer Command (3Bh).......................
Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1.0 xi Drive Orientation .............................................................................................................. 67 Cooling Requirements ....................
xii Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1. 0.
Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev 1.0 xiii L IST OF T ABLES 1. Product ID Codes ......................................................................................... 17 2. Data Transfer Rates ...................
xiv Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1. 0 29. Persistent Reserve In ....................................................................................51 30. Persistent Reserve Out ...............................
Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1.0 xv L IST OF F IGURES 1. The ZeusIOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive ............................................. 17 2. SCA-2 Interface Connector ....................
xvi Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1. 0.
Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1.0 17 S COPE Figure 1. The Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Cha nnel Solid State Drive M ANUAL O VERVIEW This product manual describes the applications, s pecifications, and installation of the 3.
18 Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1. 0 A UDIENCE This manual is intended for system engineers or system designers employed by an Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM).
Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1.0 19 FC-AL F EATURES This section discusses issues related to the FC-AL ports and loop addressing of the Zeus IOPS 3.5- inch Fibre Channel SSD. This section also provides a table of the SCSI commands implemented on the Zeus IOPS 3.
20 Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1. 0 R EFERENCE D OCUMENTS The following list of ANSI Fibre Channel documents relate to the Zeus IOPS 3.5-inch SSD: • X3.230-1994 FC Physical and Signaling Interface (FC-PH) • X3.
Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1.0 21 P ERFORMANCE • Maximum Read of 200 Mbytes/sec • Maximum Write of 100 Mbytes/sec • Cache of 512MBytes • Command queuing of up to 512 commands (256 commands per port) • Background processing of queue P HYSICAL C HARACTERIS TICS • 3.
22 Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1. 0 E NVIRONMENTAL C HARACT ERISTICS • Operating Temperature Range – Commercial range of 0°C to 55°C • 0dB Noise Amplitude P OWER • Input Voltage: +12 V DC ± 10% • Typical consumption: – Idle/Standby of 5.
Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1.0 23 P RODUCT D ESCRIPTION G ENERAL D ESCRIPTION The Zeus IOPS 3.5-inch Fibre Channel Solid State Driv e (SSD) incorporates advanced Single-Level Cell (SLC) NAND flash memory technology to deliv er a state-of-the-art, non-volatile mass storage device.
24 Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1. 0 P ERFORMANCE C HARACTERISTICS E NDURANCE The useful life of the flash media is limited by the number of write/erase operations that can be performed on the media. Typically, the write/er ase cycles for flash media ranges between 100,000 and 300,000.
Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1.0 25 M OUNT T IME The amount of time required to initialize and mount a Zeus IOPS SSD varies according to the operating system (Windows®, Linux®, etc.) and the storage capacity of the drive.
26 Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1. 0 E RASE T IMES The time required to erase a Zeus IOPS SSD varies according to the total capacity of the drive. The Erase utility will erase every physical memory storage location that can be accessed by the host interface.
Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1.0 27 C ACHE O PERATIONS The Zeus IOPS SSD is configured with 512 MB of cache. Write data can be flushed to the cache with the Synchronize Cache command. H OT P LUGGING The Zeus IOPS 3.
28 Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1. 0 E LECTRICAL S PECIFICATIONS P OWER S UPPLY The following voltage specification applies to t he drive power connector. Connections to the drive should be made in a safety extra low voltage (SELV) circuit.
Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1.0 29 G ROUNDING Signal and chassis ground are not connected together in the drive. To ensure minimal EM emissions, the user should provide maximu m surface contact area when connec ting the drive to chassis ground.
30 Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1. 0 SEL_ID F UNCTION The SEL_ n (TTL compatible) inputs (defined when -Par allel ESI is de-asserted) provide a binary value of a loop identifier to the drive.
Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1.0 31 P_ESI_ n F UNCT ION The SEL_N (TTL compatible) inputs and outputs (defi ned when -Parallel ESI is asserted) provide an interface between the enclosure and the drive. Table 8 summarizes the signals.
32 Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1. 0 -D RIVE P RESENT This signal is connected to the ground plane of the drive.
Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1.0 33 I NTERFACE S PECIFICATIONS SSD O PERATION The Zeus IOPS Fibre Channel SSD is comprised of the fo llowing primary functional blocks: the SCA- 2 interface connector, a Host FPGA, which contains a processor, NAND FP GA, NAND flash memory, and DRAM.
34 Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1. 0 SCSI I NTERFACE B LOCK This section provides information on the SCA-2 connector of the Zeus IOPS Fibre Channel SSD. SCA-2 I NTERFACE C ONNECTOR The 3.5-inch SSD is equipped with a 40-pin SCA-2 bus connector.
Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1.0 35 C ONNECTOR L OCATION Figure 3 shows the relative location of the SCA-2 connecto r on the rear of the SSD. Please note the location of Pin 1 relative to the connector. Figure 3.
36 Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1. 0 C ONNECTOR P INOUT This section provides the pinout of the 40-pin SC A-2 connector, the pinout signal characteristics, and the use of the pinout signals with respect to the SSD.
Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1.0 37 FC-AL F EATURES L OOP C ONNECTIO NS The Zeus IOPS 3.5-inch Fibre Channel SSD features tw o independent FC-AL ports. These ports may be connected in different loops or the same loop.
38 Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1. 0 FCP-SCSI C OMMANDS S UPPORTED SCSI C OMMANDS Table 12 summarizes the SCSI commands supported by the Zeus IOPS SSD. Command queuing is supported with all tag types (Head of Queue, Or dered Queue and Simple Queue).
Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1.0 39 R EPORT L UNS (A0h) The REPORT LUNS command will request that the peripheral device logical unit inventory accessible to the I_T nexus be sent to the application client.
40 Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1. 0 T EST U NIT R EADY C OMMAND (00h) The TEST UNIT READY command provides a method to check if the logical unit is ready.
Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1.0 41 W RITE (6) C OMMAND (0Ah) The WRITE (6) command requests that the target wr ite the data transferred by the initiator to the medium . The logical block address field specifies the l ogical block at which the write operation s hal l be gi n.
42 Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1. 0 An EVPD bit of zero specifies that the driv e return the standard INQUIRY data. If the page code field is not zero, the target shall return CHECK CONDITION status with the sense key set t o ILLEGAL REQUEST and an additional sense code of INVALID FI ELD IN CDB.
Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1.0 43 M ODE S ENSE (6) C OMMAND (1 Ah) The MODE SENSE (6) command provides a means for a target to report parameters to the initiator. It is a complementary to the MODE SELECT (6) command.
44 Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1. 0 S END D IAGNOSTIC P AGE (1Dh ) The SEND DIAGNOSTIC command is a six byte CD B. The Parameter List Length is two bytes (Bytes 2 and 4). Bytes 1 through 5 are ignored. Table 21.
Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1.0 45 L OG S ENSE C OMMAND (4Dh) The LOG SENSE command provides a method for the applicat ion client to retrieve statistical or other operational information maintained by the SCSI ta rget device about the SCSI target device or its logical units.
46 Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1. 0 R EAD C APACITY (25h) The READ CAPACITY c ommand provides a means for the ini tiator to r equest information regarding the capacity of the logical unit. Bytes 1 throug h 9 are ignored.
Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1.0 47 R EAD E XTENDED (10) (2 8h) The READ (10) EXTENDED (28h) command requests that the target transfer data to the initiator. The most recent data value written in the addressed l ogical block is returned.
48 Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1. 0 W RITE E XTENDED (10) (2Ah ) The WRITE (10) EXTENDED (2Ah) command requests that the drive write the data transferred by the initiator to the medium. Bytes 1 and 9 are ignored.
Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1.0 49 W RITE B UFFER C OMMAND (3Bh) The WRITE BUFFER command is complementary to the READ BUFFER command as a diagnostic function for testing logical unit memory in the SC SI target device and the integrity of the service delivery subsystem.
50 Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1. 0 M ODE S ENSE (10) C OMMAND (5Ah) The MODE SENSE (10) command provi des a means for a target to report parameters to th e initiat or. It is complementary to the MODE SELECT (10) command.
Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1.0 51 P ERSISTENT R ESERVE I N (5Eh) C OMMAND The PERSISTENT RESERVE IN (5Eh) command will obtain information about persistent reservations and reservation keys that are ac tive within the device server.
52 Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1. 0 U NSUPPORTED C OMMANDS Table 31 lists the mandatory commands that are not supported by the Zeus IOP S drive.
Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1.0 53 F IBRE C HANNEL S TANDARD The Fibre Channel standard has coined various terms that are important to know when using the Zeus IOPS SSD. This section will present the basic terms in context to help provide an intuitive understanding of the Fibre Channel interface.
54 Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1. 0 An Arbitrated Loop has certain rules: 1 Each port on the loop has an Arbitrated Loop Physical Address (AL-PA) that is set on t he “backplane” or the board to w here the device is connected.
Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1.0 55 F ABRIC N ODE C ONNECTIO N The Zeus IOPS SSD can also be connected to a “fabric” where any node on the fabric can connect to any other node in the fabric. See Figure 5 .
56 Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1. 0 An Arbitrated Loop has the following states: A node can be “hot plugged” where it is inserted or removed from the loop. When hot plugged, the loop loses “sync” and must “reini tialize”.
Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1.0 57 The Fibre Channel standard is structured into FCP Function Levels, where “FCP” is “Fibre Channel Protocol”. There is a hierarchy of function levels , written FC-0 to FC-4, and on top of those lies the Upper Level Protocols or ULP.
58 Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1. 0 P HYSICAL C HARACTERISTICS G ENERAL P HYSICAL C HARACTERIST ICS M ATERIALS All acceptable enclosure materials have been independent ly tested by an NRTL and are certified to comply with the following standards: • ANSI/UL60950-1-2002 • CAN/CSA-C22.
Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1.0 59 E XTERIOR D IMENSIONS Zeus IOPS SSD internal components are housed within precision machined aluminum alloy enclosures. The overall dimensions for the 3.5-inch form factor are illustrated in Figure 7 .
60 Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1. 0 E NVIRONMENTAL C HARACTERISTICS O VERVIEW Zeus IOPS SSDs are subjected to a series of environm ental tests to validate the portability and suitability of the SSDs for operation in harsh and mobile conditions.
Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1.0 61 M AXIMUM C OMPONENT T EMPERA TURES Critical drive component temperatures must be kept within certain limits to prevent damage to the SSD. The approximate component locations wi thin the drive are illustrated in Figure 8 .
62 Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1. 0 I NSTALLATION S YSTEM R EQUIREMENTS SCSI C ONNECTIONS The Zeus IOPS 3.5-inch Fibre Channel SSD can be instal led in an operating system environment that supports SCSI-3 or greater dev ices (the SSDs are intended to be compliant to future SCSI-4 standards).
Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1.0 63 For host systems that are not DMP capable, having two paths from the same host machine to the same drive can cause problems.
64 Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1. 0 P OWER -O N F AULT C ONDITIONS The fault codes listed in Table 37 indicate that a fault has been detected during the power-on sequence. As a result, the unit is in a non-operational state and remedial action is required to replace the unit.
Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1.0 65 O PERATIONAL F AULT C OD ES The following codes indicate that a fault has been detected during drive oper ation. The drive will remain operational despite the fault. The drive s hould be replaced at the earliest possible opportunity.
66 Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1. 0 S INGLE C HANNEL M ODE FOR E ARLY R EVISION D RIVES On early revisions of the drive, JP1 did not exist. These drives are identified by having a serial number of “50” or less and only have an 8-way right-angl ed manufacturing connector.
Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1.0 67 D RIVE O RIENTATION The SSD can be installed in any number of orientat ions within the enclosure. The drive will operate and meet all the requirements as outlined in this spec ification regardless of the mounting orientation.
68 Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1. 0 C OOLING R EQUIREMENTS If necessary to maintain the required operating te mperature range, the host enclosure may remove heat by conduction, convection, or other forced air flow.
Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1.0 69 M OUNTING H OLE D IMENSIONS Figure 11 shows relative locations of the mounting holes. Careful attention should be made to the length of the mounting screws and the recommended to rque to prevent damage to the enclosure; the maximum screw penetration is 5 mm.
70 Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1. 0 D RIVE I NSTALLATIO N To install the SDD in a server or host system: 1 Power down the computer/host system. 2 Remove the access cover. 3 Position the SSD in an available drive bay or choose a suitable mounting location.
Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1.0 71 O PERATING S YSTEM S PECIFICAT IONS The Zeus IOPS SSDs are compatible with Microsoft Windows® and alternative operating systems. The SSDs are low-level formatted at the factor y.
72 Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1. 0 SSD M ANAGEM ENT U TILITY The firmware and hardware on a Zeus IOPS SSD can be upgraded in the field. The drive management utility, “Giddy”, uses signed Java applet technology and the Java native interface to maintain the SSD.
Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1.0 73 NAND F LASH S UPPORT The device will support multiple mutually agr eed upon and approved NAND flash memory vendors prior to release to manufacturing for proposed capacities in the design without changes to the hardware or firmware.
74 Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1. 0 R EGULATORY C OMPLIANCE M ARKING , A PPROVALS AND S UPPORTING D OCUMENTATION The SSDs will have the following marks, approvals and documentation as outlined in Table 41. Table 41.
Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1.0 75 R ADIO F REQUENCY E MI SSIONS The Zeus IOPS SSD has passed radiated emissions testing (10 meter chamber) with a minimum margin of 4dB below the EN55022 radiated emissions limits in all applicabl e customer platforms, without any required changes to the system platforms.
76 Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1. 0 E LECTROST ATIC D ISCHARGE (ESD) The SSDs will meet the ESD limits specifi ed in the 61000-4-2 guidelines and the customer’s enhanced ESD procedure. The specification will deter mine whether the cont act or air discharge method should be used.
Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1.0 77 C ONTACT AND O RDERING I NFORMATION Contact Information For more information on Zeus IOPS Solid State Drives, contact t he STEC Solid State Drive Team. Ordering Information Telephone: 800-796-4645 (Toll free; U.
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Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev 1.0 77 I NDEX A Arbitrated Loop Arbitration ......... ........... ......... .......... 56 Bypass Circuit ......... ........... ......... ... 5 6 Closed ........ ........... ........
78 Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1. 0 Operating System Specifications .71 Operatio n al Fault Code s ......... ......65 Power-On Fault Con ditions ........ .. .64 SCSI Connections ....... ........... ........ 62 Single Channel Operation .
Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev 1.0 79 S Scope Audience ......... ......... ........... ......... ... 1 8 Manual Overview ...... ......... ........... . 17 Product ID Codes ......... ........... ...... 17 SCSI Commands Inquiry Command (12h) .
80 Zeus IOPS 3.5-Inch Fibre Channel Solid State Drive Product Manual Rev. 1. 0.
81 C ERTIFICATION AND W ARRANTY FCC Declaration of Conformit y Zeus IOPS Solid Stat e Drives carry the FCC-Mark in acc ordance with related Federal Communication s Commission (FCC)–USA directives. This device c omplie s with Part 15 of the FCC Rules.
STEC Inc. World Headquarters 3001 Daimler Street Santa Ana, CA 9270 5 USA Tel: 949.260.8345 Fax: 949.417.1335 Web: www.stec-inc.com 61000-04522-101: Revision 1.
An important point after buying a device SimpleTech ZeusIOPS (or even before the purchase) is to read its user manual. We should do this for several simple reasons:
If you have not bought SimpleTech ZeusIOPS yet, this is a good time to familiarize yourself with the basic data on the product. First of all view first pages of the manual, you can find above. You should find there the most important technical data SimpleTech ZeusIOPS - thus you can check whether the hardware meets your expectations. When delving into next pages of the user manual, SimpleTech ZeusIOPS you will learn all the available features of the product, as well as information on its operation. The information that you get SimpleTech ZeusIOPS will certainly help you make a decision on the purchase.
If you already are a holder of SimpleTech ZeusIOPS, but have not read the manual yet, you should do it for the reasons described above. You will learn then if you properly used the available features, and whether you have not made any mistakes, which can shorten the lifetime SimpleTech ZeusIOPS.
However, one of the most important roles played by the user manual is to help in solving problems with SimpleTech ZeusIOPS. Almost always you will find there Troubleshooting, which are the most frequently occurring failures and malfunctions of the device SimpleTech ZeusIOPS along with tips on how to solve them. Even if you fail to solve the problem, the manual will show you a further procedure – contact to the customer service center or the nearest service center
