Instruction/ maintenance manual of the product 3 Apple
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Ap ple Remote Deskt op A dministra tor ’ s Guide V ersion 3.
K Apple Computer , Inc. © 2006 Apple C omputer , Inc. All rights reserved. The owner or authoriz ed user of a valid copy of Apple Remote Desktop software may repr oduce this publication for the purpose of learning to use such software.
3 3 C on ten ts Prefac e 9 About This Book 1 0 Using This Guide 1 0 Remote Desktop Help 1 0 Notation Con ventions 1 1 Where to F ind More Inf ormation About Apple Remote Desktop Chapter 1 1 3 Using Ap.
4 Contents 4 1 Upgrading the Remote Desktop A dministrator Software 42 Upgrading the Client Software 42 Method #1—Remote Upgrade Installation 43 Method #2—Manual Installation 43 Upgrading Apple Re.
Contents 5 68 Command-Line SSH Acc ess 68 Managing Client Administration Settings and P rivileges 69 Getting an Administration Settings Repor t 69 Changing Client A dministrator P rivileges Chapter 6 .
6 Contents 93 Sharing a Screen with Client C omputers 94 Monitoring a Screen Sharing T asks 94 Interacting with Y our Apple Remote Desktop Administrat or 94 Requesting Administrat or Atten tion 95 Can.
Contents 7 1 29 Renaming Computers 1 29 Synchronizing Comput er Time 1 30 Setting Computer Audio V olume 1 3 1 Repairing File P ermissions 1 3 1 Adding Items to the Dock 1 3 2 Changing Energy Saver P .
8 Contents Appendix B 1 65 Repor t F ield Definitions Reference 1 65 S ystem Overview Repor t 1 6 7 Storage Repor t 1 6 9 USB Devices Report 1 6 9 Fir eWire Devices Report 1 6 9 Memor y Report 1 6 9 P.
9 Prefac e About T his Book What Is Apple Remote De sktop? Apple Remote Desktop is easy-to-use , pow er ful, open standards-based, desktop management software for all your netw orked Macs.
10 Preface About This Book Using This Guide The Apple Remote Desktop Administr ator’ s Guide contains chapters to help you use Remote Desktop . I t contains o verviews and explanations about Apple Remote Desktop ’ s f eatures and commands .
Preface About This Book 11 T erminal Command C on ven tions Commands or command paramet ers that you might type, along with other text that normally appears in a T erminal window , are shown in this fon t. F or example: Y ou can use the doit command to get things done.
12 Preface About This Book The Apple Remote Deskt op Support website provides a database of technical articles about product issues, use, and implementation: www .apple.c om/support/remotedesktop/ T o provide feedback about A pple Remote Desktop , visit the feedback page: www .
1 13 1 Using A pple Remot e Desktop Apple Remote Desktop helps y ou keep Macintosh c omputers and the software running on them up to date and tr ouble free . And it lets you inter act direc tly with Macin tosh users to provide instructional and troubleshooting support.
14 Chapter 1 Using Apple Remote Desktop Y ou can administer client comput ers individually , but most Apple Remote Desktop feature s can be used to manage multiple comput ers at the same time . F or example, you may wan t t o install or updat e the same applications on all the computers in a particular department.
Chapter 1 Using Apple Remote Desktop 15 Deploying Software Apple Remote Deskt op lets you distribute software and related files to client computers from your Apple Remot e Desktop administrator c omputer or from a comput er running Mac OS X Ser ver . Distributing Installer Packages Y ou can distribute and automatically install packages in .
16 Chapter 1 Using Apple Remote Desktop F or example, you can use Apple Software Update to do wnload an iCal update or an operating system update to a t est computer . I f the update w orks as expected and introduce s no compatibility issues, copy the installer package to the administrator computer to distribute t o computers that need upgrading .
Chapter 1 Using Apple Remote Desktop 17 Client computers that boot fr om a NetBoot image get a fresh system en vironmen t every time they star t up. F or this reason, using NetBoot images is useful wh.
18 Chapter 1 Using Apple Remote Desktop T aking Inv entory Apple Remote Desktop lets y ou capture data describing the attribute s of client computers , then generate r eports based on the data. Y ou specify how often you wan t to capture data, the data you want to capture , and the computers you wan t to profile .
Chapter 1 Using Apple Remote Desktop 19 File Search Report Use the F ile Search report to search client systems for s pecific files and folders and t o audit installed applications. This report can help you find out ho w man y copies of a particular application are in use so you don ’t violate license agreements.
20 Chapter 1 Using Apple Remote Desktop Application Usage Report Use the Application Usage r epor t to find out which applications ha ve been running on your client comput ers and who ran those applications.
Chapter 1 Using Apple Remote Desktop 21 Housekeeping Apple Remote Desktop pr ovides sev eral ways to remot ely control clien t computers f or housekeeping activities, which you can c onduct using one or more Apple Remote Desktop windows. Managing P ow er State Use Apple Remote Deskt op to control the po wer state of clien t computers.
22 Chapter 1 Using Apple Remote Desktop Locking Computer Scr eens Y ou can lock the screens of client comput ers for specified durations when y ou don ’t want the computers to be used . F or example, you ma y need to perform network maintenance and wan t to make sure computers don ’t use the network for a few hours .
Chapter 1 Using Apple Remote Desktop 23 Pro viding Help Desk Support When a user is having tr ouble, Apple Remote Desktop pro vides several ways to in teract with the user and his or her computer to diagnose and fix the problem.
24 Chapter 1 Using Apple Remote Desktop Screen C ontrolling Use Apple Remot e Desktop to con trol the user’ s screen in order to diagnose and fix the problem. Y ou may hav e unlimited contr ol, or a user can grant you temporary guest access so you can con trol the computer only during tr oubleshooting.
Chapter 1 Using Apple Remote Desktop 25 Inter acting with Students Apple Remote Desktop helps instructors teach mor e efficiently by letting them int eract with student computers individually or as a gr oup. Using T ext Messages Send Apple Remote Desktop text messages t o communicate with students .
26 Chapter 1 Using Apple Remote Desktop Locking Screens Lock student scr eens to preven t students from using their c omputer when you wan t them to focus on other activities. T erminating C omputer Use Remotely log students out or shut down their c omputers at the end of a class or school day .
Chapter 1 Using Apple Remote Desktop 27 Additional inf ormation can be obtained at several Apple w ebsites: Â F or information about NetBoot and Network Install, download the system imaging administration guide at: www .
2 28 2 Getting to Know Remote Desktop Remote Desktop is the administr ator application f or Apple Remote Desktop . I ts attractive int er face is pow er ful, yet simple to use. Remote Deskt op ’ s in ter face is cust omizable , allowing you t o get the informa tion you wan t quickly , the way y ou want it.
Chapter 2 Getting to Know Remote Desktop 29 Remote Desktop Main Window The main window of Remote Deskt op has a customizable toolbar , groups of lists , tasks, and scanners on the left, and the main window area t o the right. “List M enu Icons ” on page 1 62 con tains icons seen in the list menu of the main window .
30 Chapter 2 Getting to Know Remote Desktop F Scanner: Scanners find clients to add to the All Computers list. Y ou can make new scanners and customize them for y our needs. See “Making a New Scanner ” on page 52. G T ask ser ver list: This lists tasks delegated to the T ask Ser ver , rather than run those run directly from the application.
Chapter 2 Getting to Know Remote Desktop 31 T ask Dialogs When you click a task, a dialog appears to let you set task parameters or confirm the task. A T ask type header : This header area shows y ou the kind of task represented . B Saved task name: When you save a task, you name it for y our own use.
32 Chapter 2 Getting to Know Remote Desktop Con trol and Observe Window This window is the same f or both controlling and observing a single client. The only difference is the stat e of the Observe or Control toggle butt on. When it’ s selected, you have c ontrol ov er the remote client.
Chapter 2 Getting to Know Remote Desktop 33 Multiple-Client Observe Window When you observe many clients at the same time , they all appear in the same window . If you have mor e computers than will fit in the window , they are divided acr oss several pages.
34 Chapter 2 Getting to Know Remote Desktop Repor t Window Reports ser ve as valuable shortcuts when y ou’ re copying file s and or ganizing computer lists. G Computer status: Shows basic computer status beneath each clien t screen. H Cy cle through pages : Manually advances to the next page of screens.
Chapter 2 Getting to Know Remote Desktop 35 Changing Report Layout Y ou can customize report layouts for y our own purposes . By default , repor ts include a column for each inf ormation type you selected before running the report, in the order present ed in the report dialog.
36 Chapter 2 Getting to Know Remote Desktop Configuring Remote De sktop Y ou can configure the Remote Deskt op administrator application to meet your w ork needs.
Chapter 2 Getting to Know Remote Desktop 37  Whether other Apple Remote Deskt op administrators can access y our local T ask Ser ver  Whether clients collect user and application tracking data  .
38 Chapter 2 Getting to Know Remote Desktop Drag and drop works on c onfiguration dialogs Configuration dialogs accept dragged it ems. Computer lists in the dialogs accept dragged computers. The C opy Items dialog accepts dragged files to c opy , without having to bro wse the file system for them.
3 39 3 Installing Apple Remot e Desktop T o use Apple Remot e Desktop , install the administration software on the administrator c omputer first, and then install and enable the clien t software on the computers y ou wan t to manage.
40 Chapter 3 Installing Apple Remote Desktop Network Requiremen ts  Ethernet (recommended), AirPort, FireWire , or other network c onnection See “Setting Up the Network ” on page 7 1 f or more information.
Chapter 3 Installing Apple Remote Desktop 41 1 0 Configure some client computers f or administration, find them in a scanner , and add them to a computer list.
42 Chapter 3 Installing Apple Remote Desktop Upgrading the Client Software This section contains information on installing A pple Remote Desktop 3 on client computers. Since Apple Remot e Desktop client software was automatically included on the clients running Mac OS X v1 0.
Chapter 3 Installing Apple Remote Desktop 43 Method #2—Manual Installation This method works best if y ou have nev er enabled Apple Remote Desktop on y our clients and hav e an existing software distribution infrastructure. T his method also allows for the gr eatest pow er and configuration flexibility .
44 Chapter 3 Installing Apple Remote Desktop T o upgrade existing clien t software using SSH: 1 Create the custom clien t installer package. F or detailed instructions, see “Creating a Custom Client Installer” on page 4 4. 2 Open the T erminal application (located in /Applications/Utilitie s/).
Chapter 3 Installing Apple Remote Desktop 45 4 Click Continue t o begin creating a custom installer . 5 Choose whether to start Remote Desktop sharing at system star tup . This changes the setting f ound in the Sharing pane of System P refer ences. 6 Choose whether to hide or show the Apple Remot e Desktop menu bar icon.
46 Chapter 3 Installing Apple Remote Desktop 1 7 Click Continue . 1 8 Select a location for the installer . 1 9 Click Continue to creat e the installer .
Chapter 3 Installing Apple Remote Desktop 47 5 Delete the Remote Desktop documentation using the f ollowing commands in the T erminal application. sudo rm -r /Library/Documentation/Applications/Remote.
48 Chapter 3 Installing Apple Remote Desktop Uninstalling the Client Software fr om Client C omputers T o remove A pple Remote Desktop client software from Mac OS X clients , you need to remove a number of software componen ts from each client syst em.
4 49 4 Organizing Clien t Computers In to C omputer Lists Apple Remote Desktop use s lists of client comput ers to logically organize the clien t comput ers under your con trol. Connecting to client c omputers on the network and adding them to your list is nec essary to administer them.
50 Chapter 4 Organizing Client Computers Into Computer Lists If you want to change the defa ult display list f or the scanner , you can select Edit > View Options and choose any of the other available options (which include C omputer Info F ields, Ethernet ID , Label, or others).
Chapter 4 Organizing Client Computers Into Computer Lists 51 T o search a range of netw ork addresses: 1 Select a scanner at the lef t of the Remote Deskt op window . 2 Select Network R ange. 3 Enter the beginning and ending IP addre ss. 4 Click the Refresh button.
52 Chapter 4 Organizing Client Computers Into Computer Lists F inding Clients b y F ile Impor t Y ou can impor t a list of comput ers into Apple Remot e Desktop by importing a file listing the computers ’ IP addr esses.
Chapter 4 Organizing Client Computers Into Computer Lists 53 5 Customiz e the search by ent ering the specific parameters f or the search (such as an IP address range , or file location).
54 Chapter 4 Organizing Client Computers Into Computer Lists Creating an Ap ple Remote Desktop C omputer List Y ou can make more specific, targeted lists of computers fr om your All Comput ers list. The easiest way to make a new list is to use computers already in the All C omputers list.
Chapter 4 Organizing Client Computers Into Computer Lists 55 T o create a smart computer list: 1 Choose File > New Smart List. 2 Name the smart computer list. 3 Choose “an y ” or “all” criteria to match. 4 Select the attribute to select by , using the pop-up windows and t ext entry field.
56 Chapter 4 Organizing Client Computers Into Computer Lists 8 Add other conditions and criteria as desir ed. 9 Create the final Smart List by clicking OK.
Chapter 4 Organizing Client Computers Into Computer Lists 57 8 Select the expor ted list, and click Open. The list now appears in Remote Desktop ’ s main window .
58 Chapter 4 Organizing Client Computers Into Computer Lists T o transfer the comput er lists: 1 Open Keychain Acc ess (located in /Applications/Utilitie s) on the source computer . 2 Choose File > New Key chain. 3 Name the new keychain, and click Create.
5 59 5 Understanding and C on trolling Acc ess P rivileges There are sev eral diff eren t wa ys to acce ss and authen ticate to Apple Remote Desktop clien ts. Some depend on Apple Remote Desktop settings , and others depend on other client settings, or third-part y administra tion tools.
60 Chapter 5 Understanding and Controlling Access Privileges The follo wing table shows the settings in the Apple Remote Deskt op settings in the Sharing Pr eference pane and the f eatures of Remot e Desktop that they corres pond to .
Chapter 5 Understanding and Controlling Access Privileges 61 Setting Apple Remote Desktop A dministrat or Acc ess Authoriza tion and Privileges U sing Local A ccoun ts T o prepare a client f or admini.
62 Chapter 5 Understanding and Controlling Access Privileges Apple Remote Desktop A dministrat or Acc ess U sing Director y Ser vices Y ou can also grant Apple Remot e Desktop administrator acce ss without enabling any local users at all by enabling group-based authorization if the clien t computers are bound to a directory ser vice.
Chapter 5 Understanding and Controlling Access Privileges 63 In the XML, you name a privilege key and make the value the name of the gr oup or groups you want t o possess the privilege. Use the sample XML below to make your managemen t/key designation XML.
64 Chapter 5 Understanding and Controlling Access Privileges F or more information on using Workgr oup Manager , and Open Dir ector y , see their documentation at: www .apple.c om/server/documentation The follo wing is the sample XML format you need t o use to assign management privileges via MCX keys.
Chapter 5 Understanding and Controlling Access Privileges 65 Method #2 Y ou can create groups with s pecial names that corres pond to the privilege keys above: ard_admin, ard_repor ts, ard_manage, and ard_interact. The corresponding privileges are a utomatically assigned to these s pecially named groups.
66 Chapter 5 Understanding and Controlling Access Privileges T o allow guest acce ss: 1 On the client computer , open System Pref erence s and click Sharing. If prompted , enter the user name and password of a user with administrator privileges on that computer .
Chapter 5 Understanding and Controlling Access Privileges 67 Each of these featur es can be enabled or disabled independently of each other , or you can enable all of Remote Desktop ’ s features for nonadministrat or users. T o enable User Mode: 1 Make sure you are logged in as an administrator user .
68 Chapter 5 Understanding and Controlling Access Privileges T o allow VNC access: 1 On the client computer , open System Pref erence s and click Sharing. If prompted , enter the user name and password of a user with administrator privileges on that computer .
Chapter 5 Understanding and Controlling Access Privileges 69 Getting an Administration Settings Report Y ou can quer y active Apple Remot e Desktop clients f or a report on what commands they are accepting from y our administrator a uthentication.
70 Chapter 5 Understanding and Controlling Access Privileges 8 Add a new user by clicking Add and filling in the appropriat e information. Click OK after adding each user , and click Continue when y ou ’ re r eady to go on. 9 Choose whether to assign Apple Remote Deskt op administrator access privilege s to Director y Services groups.
6 71 6 Setting Up the Network and Maintaining Security This chapter de scribes the main aspects of setting up your network f or use with Apple Remote Desktop syst em administration, as well as best-practice tips f or your netw ork.
72 Chapter 6 Setting Up the Network and Maintaining Security  Organize comput ers you ’ re administering using Apple Remote Desktop into small groups, and close the Remote Desktop administrator application when not in use . This helps reduce the number of status queries , thus reducing network traffic.
Chapter 6 Setting Up the Network and Maintaining Security 73 Â Wireless networks also ar e not suited for multicast traffic. However A pple Remote Desktop ’ s multi-observe feature is diff erent beca use it doesn ’t use multicast traffic . Â Display shar ed screens in black and white rather than in color .
74 Chapter 6 Setting Up the Network and Maintaining Security Administrat or Application Security  Make use of user mode to limit what nonadministrator users can do with Remote Desktop . See “ Apple Remote Desktop Nonadministrator Acc ess” on page 66.
Chapter 6 Setting Up the Network and Maintaining Security 75 Â Quit the Remote Desktop application when you ha ve finished using it. If you have not stored the Remote Desktop passw ord in your keychain, the application prompts you to ent er the administrator name and passwor d when you open it again.
76 Chapter 6 Setting Up the Network and Maintaining Security T o enable Observe and Contr ol transport encryption: 1 Choose Remote Desktop > P refer ences. 2 Click the Security button. 3 In the “Controlling comput ers” section, select “Encr ypt all network data.
7 77 7 Int eracting with Users Apple Remote Desktop is a po wer ful tool f or int eracting with computer users across a netw ork. Y ou can interact by contr olling or obser ving remot e screens , text messaging with remote users , or sharing your screen with others .
78 Chapter 7 Interacting with Users Con trolling Apple Remot e Desktop allows you to control remote computers as if you were sitting in front of them. Y ou can only contr ol the keyboard and mouse of any one computer at a time.
Chapter 7 Interacting with Users 79 Also , special keys including the sound v olume, screen brightness, and Media Ejec t keys do not affect the client computer .
80 Chapter 7 Interacting with Users Switching the C on trol Window Between F ull Siz e And F it-T o-Window When controlling a clien t, you can see the client window at full size , or scaled to fit the control windo w . Viewing the client window at full siz e will show the client scr een at its real pixel r esolution.
Chapter 7 Interacting with Users 81 Hiding a User’ s Screen While C on trolling Sometimes you ma y want to con trol a client comput er with a user at the client computer , but you don’ t want the user to see what y ou’ re doing.
82 Chapter 7 Interacting with Users Sharing Clipboards f or Cop y and P aste Y ou can transfer data between the Clipboar ds of the administrator and clien t comput er . F or example , you ma y want to c opy some text from a file on the administrator computer and paste it int o a document open on the client comput er .
Chapter 7 Interacting with Users 83 2 Select one computer from the list. 3 Choose Interact > Con trol. If the controlled computer’ s screen is larger than your con trol window , the screen scrolls as the pointer appr oaches the edge of the window .
84 Chapter 7 Interacting with Users VNC Con trol Options After you hav e added a VNC server to a computer list (or when you ar e first adding it), you can set a custom port for VNC communication, and you can designate a displa y to control.
Chapter 7 Interacting with Users 85 If you want to con trol the third dis play , you w ould enter: vncserver.example.com:5902 Configuring an A pple Remote Desktop Clien t to be C ontr olled by a VNC V iewer When configured to do so , an Apple Remot e Desktop client can be con trolled with a non–Apple VNC viewer .
86 Chapter 7 Interacting with Users Remote Desktop allows y ou to observe multiple clients on the same screen, c ycling through the list of observed computers.
Chapter 7 Interacting with Users 87  the obser v e window is resiz ed, shrinking the information beneath the threshold  the setting for the number of viewed machine s is changed The computer inf ormation area is reenabled when the size s are returned to more than the image size threshhold .
88 Chapter 7 Interacting with Users Changing Screen Titles While Obser ving While you are observing multiple computers, you can change the title underneath the desktops shown in the observe window .
Chapter 7 Interacting with Users 89 There are tw o levels of detail for syst em statistics. The top level is a single ic on (a red , yellow , or green icon). Y ou show the second level of detail b y placing the mouse pointer ov er the high-level status icon.
90 Chapter 7 Interacting with Users T o show system sta tus in the observe window : 1 Click View Options in the obser ve windo w ’ s toolbar . 2 Select Display Computer Inf ormation.
Chapter 7 Interacting with Users 91 Obser ving Multiple C omputers When you observe multiple client comput ers, each client screen is scaled down, so that several computers can be view ed at the same time. Y ou can set the number of client screens that appear at any one time .
92 Chapter 7 Interacting with Users Sending Messages Apple Remote Desktop allo ws you to communicat e with users of Apple Remote Desktop client comput ers using text messaging. Y ou can use text messages t o give instructions or announcements, to collaborate remotely , or troubleshoot with users.
Chapter 7 Interacting with Users 93 5 Pr ess the Return key to complete and send each line. Viewing Atten tion Requests After a client user sends an atten tion request, the Apple Remote Desktop administrat or can read the attention r equest text. T o view atten tion requests: 1 Choose Window > Messages F rom Users.
94 Chapter 7 Interacting with Users Monitoring a Screen Sharing T asks Y ou may want to keep track of the screen sharing tasks y ou have begun. Y ou can get information on all active screen sharing tasks , and can sort the tasks by time star ted , source screen, or target computers.
Chapter 7 Interacting with Users 95 Canceling an A tten tion Request If a user no longer needs the Apple Remote Desktop administrat or ’ s atten tion, he or she can cancel the attention r equest after it has been sent. T o cancel an atten tion request: 1 Click the Apple Remote Desktop status ic on and choose Message to A dministrator .
8 96 8 Administ ering Clien t C omput ers Apple Remote Desktop giv es y ou pow er ful administrativ e contr ol. Y ou can manually or aut omatically get detailed information about ev ery computer , install software, and maintain systems fr om a single administrat or computer .
Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers 97 Remote Desktop keeps track of three kinds of task progress: active , T ask Server , and completed . Active tasks are those which are currently being proce ssed by the client computers , and the client c omputers hav e not all reported back to the administrator console.
98 Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers Getting Active T ask Status When you get a task’ s current status, you see the progress of the task, the computers inv olved , and their feedback to the administrator computer . T o get status on a curren tly running task: 1 Select the Active T asks list.
Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers 99 T o stop a curren tly running task: 1 Select the Active T asks list. 2 Select the desired task in the Remote Desktop window . The task status and computers in volv ed are shown in the Remote Desktop windo w .
100 Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers Creating and U sing T ask T emplates In each task configuration dialog , you can save a task’ s settings to a template to reuse for future tasks of that same type.
Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers 101 Editing a Sav ed T ask Y ou may wan t to change a previously saved task, changing whether what the task doe s or changing the target computers . T o edit a sav ed task: 1 Double-click the saved task y ou want to edit.
102 Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers Y ou can choose t o initiate the installation of a package from the de signated T ask Ser ver rather from a Remote Desktop task. This allows you to install packages on to computers that may not be c onnected to the network (with a status of “Offline”) when you run the task.
Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers 103 7 Select other installation parameters, as desired. F or more information on the a vailable options , see “Copy Options” on page 1 07. Note: Client computers ar e not restarted automatically after an installation is complet e unless explicitly selected in the task command .
104 Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers Installing by Using the C opy Items C ommand Many applications can be installed simply by copying the application or its folder to the client computer . Consult the application ’ s documentation to v erify that you can simply copy the application to the hard disk t o install it.
Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers 105 The software is copied to the indicat ed destination. If the copy is operation unsuccessful, an error message appears in the task feedback window . 8 Select a computer that received the copy of the installer .
106 Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers 3 Use the appropriate installation method to install the new v ersion of the software. For more information, see: Â “Installing by P ack age and Metapac.
Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers 107 If you choose to copy out to man y client comput ers simultaneously , Remote Desktop uses network multicasts to send the files . I f there is a significan t number of multicast networking errors, Remote Desktop tries to copy individually to each client computer .
108 Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers More Options When the Item Already Exists If an item with the same name as the item you selected to c opy already exists at the destination, you have several options f or handing the name conflict.
Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers 109 Cop ying Using Drag and Drop Using Apple Remote Deskt op , you can c opy items by dragging them between F inder windows on your administrat or computer , the Remote Deskt op window , and control windows.
110 Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers Alternatively , you can drag items from a control windo w to the administrator computer’ s desktop. Restoring Items from a Master C opy Y our client computers can r estore non-syst em software from a master copy .
Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers 111 Creating Reports Apple Remote Desktop allo ws you to query client computers for man y kinds of information, from installed software to network speed and reliability . Cr eating reports gives you v aluable information about the clien t computers.
112 Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers The database , which is a P ostgreSQL database located at /var/db/Remot eManagement/ RMDB/ can be accessed using other tools beside s Remote Desktop . T o find out more about the database schema, see “P ostgreSQL Schema Sample” on page 1 80.
Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers 113 Y ou do this using the Get Info windo w of any client computer or the client’ s own Apple Remote Desktop pref erences . See “Setting the Client’ s Data Repor ting P olicy ” on page 1 5 2 and “Creating a T emplate Data Reporting Policy ” on page 1 5 3.
114 Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers System Report Size The file system data which is uploaded to the r eport database (labeled “F ile Search data ” in the Scheduling sheet of the T ask Ser ver pr eferenc e pane) contains a significant amount of data.
Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers 115 T o generate a U ser History repor t: 1 Select a computer list in the Remote Desktop window . 2 Select one or more computers in the selected computer list. 3 Choose Repor t > User Hist or y . 4 Select the time frame for the user history information.
116 Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers F inding F iles , F olders, and Ap plications Apple Remote Desktop allo ws you to search the c ontents of clien t computer hard disks for specific file s, folders, or applications. A dditionally , it can compare the re sults of such searches to the it ems on the administrator computer .
Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers 117 The results of the sear ch are listed in the pane at the bottom of the window . Note: The “Home ” Spotlight search location means the Home folder of the currently logged in user .
118 Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers 7 Click Search. The newly generated report window appears. Comparing Software Apple Remote Desktop has several specialized reports for comparing software on clien t computers with software on the administrator c omputer .
Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers 119 T o generate a Software Diff erence report: 1 Select a computer list in the Remote Desktop window . 2 Select one or more computers in the selected computer list. 3 Choose Repor t > Software Differenc e. 4 Select the sof tware type you want t o compare .
120 Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers Getting Serial Numbers Although there is no specific serial number report for Apple Remote Desktop , the serial number of any client is in the C omputer section of the System Overview Repor t.
Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers 121 Getting FireW ire Device Inf ormation The F ireWire Devices r eport gets information about FireWire device s connected to the client computer .
122 Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers T o generate a USB Devic es report: 1 Select a computer list in the Remote Desktop window . 2 Select one or more computers in the selected computer list. 3 Choose Repor t > USB Devices . 4 Select the USB device information desired .
Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers 123 Getting Memor y Informa tion The Memory repor t gets specific information about the installed memory in a client computer .
124 Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers T o generate a PCI C ards report: 1 Select a computer list in the Remote Desktop window . 2 Select one or more computers in the selected computer list. 3 Choose Repor t > PCI Cards . 4 Select the PCI card information desired .
Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers 125 Here are some suggestions f or evaluating your netw ork per f ormance based on this report: Â The number of r outers between your computer and another computer can affect the time the packets take to return.
126 Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers  Unicode (UTF-1 6): Best choice if the repor t con tains Asian language characters. 7 Select a field separator .  T ab: Inserts a T ab character between column v alues.  Comma: Inserts a comma between column values .
Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers 127 Maintaining Syst ems Apple Remote Desktop pr ovides easy and pow er ful tools f or maintaining client computers , including tasks such as deleting files , empt ying the Tr ash, and setting computer startup options.
128 Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers Emptying the T rash Apple Remote Desktop allo ws you to empty the T rash on clients to free up disk spac e. T o find out how much free disk space is on a c omputer , create a S ystem Overview or Storage report using the Repor t menu.
Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers 129 If you select Restar t When Done, the client comput er will restart after having its star tup volume set. Y ou need to hav e Restart privileges to use this option. 8 Click Set. Renaming C omputers Apple Remote Desktop can set the name that a clien t computer uses f or file sharing.
130 Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers T o synchronize clien t computer clocks: 1 Select a computer list in the Remote Desktop window . 2 Select one or more computers in the selected computer list.
Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers 131 5 Alternatively , manually enter the UNIX command. a T ype or paste the f ollowing UNIX command: osascript -e 'set volume output volume any_number_from_0-100' b or for Mac OS X v . 1 0.3 clients enter or past e the following: osascript -e 'set volume any_number_from_0-7' 6 Click Send.
132 Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers 4 T ype or paste the f ollowing UNIX command (replac e /Path_To_Application with your own path to the desir ed application, and be sure t o include the application file extension, .app): defaults write com.
Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers 133 a T ype or paste the f ollowing UNIX command: systemsetup -setsleep minutes number_of_minutes_to_sleep -setwakeonmodem (on | off) -setwakeonnetworkaccess (on | off) -setrestartpowerfailure (on | off) -setrestartfreeze (on | off) b Set the permissions for this command to root.
134 Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers T o set up printer pref erence s using Copy Items: 1 Set up a client computer’ s print preference using the P rinter Setup Utility . 2 Use the Copy Items task to copy the f ollowing file and f older to all the target computers: /private/etc/cups/printers.
Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers 135 Managing Computers Using Apple Remote Desktop , y ou can control multiple clien t computers simultaneously , issuing commands that are f ound in Mac OS X’ s Apple menu (Log Out, Sleep , Restart, etc .), as well as other c ommands.
136 Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers T o open an item: 1 Select a computer list in the Remote Desktop window . 2 Select one or more computers in the selected computer list. 3 Choose Manage > Open Items. 4 Click the Add (+) button and br owse for the it em on the administrator computer .
Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers 137 Quitting Applications Without Logging Out the U ser Apple Remote Deskt op can quit running applications on client comput ers. Y ou can quit both Mac OS X and Classic applications with this command . The administrat or must be able to use the Send UNIX Command on the client c omputer .
138 Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers W ak ing Up a Comput er Apple Remote Deskt op can wake up computers that hav e gone to sleep or been put to sleep with Remote Desktop .
Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers 139 T o lock a computer screen: 1 Select a computer list in the Remote Desktop window . 2 Select one or more computers in the selected computer list. 3 Choose Interact > Lock Scr een. 4 Enter a message t o be display ed on the locked screen, if desir ed.
140 Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers Disabling a Computer Scr een Sometimes you ma y want to con trol a client comput er with a user at the client computer , but you don’ t want the user to see what y ou’ re doing. In such a case, you can disable the client computers scr een while preserving your own view of the client computer .
Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers 141 keystroke return end tell EndOfMyScript 5 Choose user “root” to run the c ommand. 6 Click Send. The client comput er execute s the script. Logging Out the C urren t User Apple Remote Desktop can log out the curren t user on a client computer .
142 Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers Shutting Down a Comput er Apple Remote Desktop can shut do wn a client computer . T his has the same result as choosing the Shut Down command from the client comput er ’ s A pple menu. Note: If you shut down an Apple Remote Deskt op client, you cannot star t it up using Remote Desktop .
Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers 143 UNIX Shell Commands In addition to its own tasks , Apple Remot e Desktop provide s a way to easily ex ecute UNIX commands on client computers . In order to send UNIX commands to the client computers , the client c omputers must hav e the BSD subsystem installed.
144 Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers F or more information about T ask T emplates , see “Cr eating and Using T ask T emplate s” on page 1 00.
Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers 145 Executing a Single UNIX C ommand Using the UNIX Command window , you can send a single c ommand to the selected client computers . The c ommand is executed using the bash shell. T o execut e a single UNIX command: 1 Select a computer list in the Remote Desktop window .
146 Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers T o copy and ex ecute a script: 1 Pr epare and save y our script. Make sure your script is saved as plain t ext with UNIX line breaks. 2 Open Remote Desktop . 3 Select a computer list in the Remote Desktop window .
Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers 147 Alternatively , you could use a UNIX “ read standard input” redirection which looks like: osascript <<EndOfMyScript .
148 Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers /System/Library/CoreServices/RemoteManagement/ARDAgent.app/Contents/Support/ networksetup -help  F or Mac OS X v . 1 0.4 clients use the follo wing from Send UNIX Command: networksetup -help A few of the capabilities of networksetup are list ed below .
Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers 149 Any command in the Mac OS X Server command-line guide which uses networksetup can be used in Remote Desktop using the Send UNIX Command task. Using systemsetup The command-line tool systemsetup is used to c onfigure other nonnetwork system settings.
150 Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers -setremotelogin ( on | off ) Sets remote login (SSH) to either on or off . Important If you turn off remote login, y ou won ’t be able to administer the server using SSH for remote login.
Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers 151 Any command in the Mac OS X Server command-line guide that uses systemsetup can be used in Remote Desktop using the Send UNIX Command task. Using kickstart The kickstart command-line utility is embedded within the Apple Remote Desktop client software.
152 Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers  Deactivate Remote Desktop acce ss for a computer: $ sudo /System/Library/CoreServices/RemoteManagement/ARDAgent.app/ Contents/Resources/kickstart -deactivate -configure -access -off Automa ting F unc tions Y ou can automate an y command or function in Remote Desktop .
Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers 153 The user accounting data include s all possible reported information for the follo wing report: Â User History The application usage data includes all pos.
154 Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers T o set the default data reporting policy template: 1 Choose Remote Desktop > P refer ences. 2 Select T ask Server . 3 Check which additional data types the clients will collect: Application Usage Data, User Accounting Data, or both.
Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers 155 T o set the T ask Server location: 1 Open Remote Desktop . 2 Choose Remote Desktop > P refer ences. 3 Click T ask Server . 4 If you want to use the database on this administrat or computer , selec t “Use T ask Server on this computer .
156 Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers 8 Click OK. 9 Save the task and choose where the task will appear in the Remote Deskt op window . Editing Scheduled T asks Once sav ed, a task can be changed and all future executions of the task will reflect the changes.
Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers 157 Remote Desktop ’ s AppleScript Basics AppleScript scripts c onsist of c ommands that are sent t o objects. Objects can be a wide variety of things, including applications, scripts , windows , settings, or the F inder .
158 Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers This entry tells you what the verb can act on and how . This entry says that Remote Desktop can add a specified comput er to a computer list. The objects “ computer ” and “ computer list” are being acted upon by “ add .
Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers 159 -- perform the task execute clean_task on these_computers -- empty the trash afterward execute (make new empty trash task) on these_computers -- unlock the.
160 Chapter 8 Administering Client Computers Using Automat or actions, you can even create your own in terfaces to Apple Remote Desktop functions without having to give users acc ess to Remote Desktop . F or instance, say you want ed to give all y our teachers a tool to lock and unlock screens in their classrooms.
161 A Appendix A Icon and P ort Reference The f ollowing tables illustr ate some of the ic ons found in the main window of Remote Deskt op . The final table shows which network port numbers are in use by Apple Remote Desktop . Client Status Ic ons The follo wing icons appear next to the names of computers in a scanner search r esults list.
162 Appendix A Icon and Port Reference List Menu Icons The following ic ons are used in the Apple Remote Deskt op list area of Remote Desktop ’ s main window . T ask Sta tus Icons The follo wing icons are used in task list areas of Remote Deskt op ’ s main window .
Appendix A Icon and Port Reference 163 Syst em Status Icons (Basic) The follo wing icons are shown as initial high-lev el status indicators for observed client computers. Syst em Status Icons (Detailed) The follo wing icons are shown after further inspection of obser ved client comput er status indicators.
164 Appendix A Icon and Port Reference T CP and UDP P or t Refer ence Apple Remote Desktop use s the following TCP and UDP ports for the functions indicated .
165 B Appendix B Repor t F ield Definitions Refer ence The follo wing sections describe the a vailable fields in some of the Apple Remote Desktop r epor ts.
166 Appendix B Report Field Definitions Reference V elocity Engine Y es/No L2 Cache Size In KB L3 Cache Size In KB Machine Model Memor y In KB Empty RAM Slots PCI slots Used Proce ssor Count CPU T ype.
Appendix B Report Field Definitions Reference 167 Primary Network Hardware Address Primary Network Input Errors Primary Network Input Packets Primary Network Output Errors Primary Network Output Packe.
168 Appendix B Report Field Definitions Reference Storage Report List category Field name Notes or example Hardware Options Drive Manufacturer Drive Model Drive Revision Drive Pr otocol Removable Y es.
Appendix B Report Field Definitions Reference 169 USB Devices Report F ireWire Devic es Report Memor y Repor t PCI Cards Report Field name Notes or e xample Product Name Product ID V endor ID V endor Name Device Speed 1 .
170 Appendix B Report Field Definitions Reference Network Int er faces Report ROM Revision Displays only Card Revision Card Memory Displays only Date collected Field name Notes or e xample List catego.
Appendix B Report Field Definitions Reference 171 Output Queue Stall Count Ethernet Statistics Ethernet Alignment Errors Ethernet FCS Errors Frame Check Sequence errors Ethernet Single Collision F ram.
172 Appendix B Report Field Definitions Reference Network T e st Repor t Administra tion Settings Repor t Ethernet T ransmitter Resource Errors Ethernet Collision F requencies List category Field name Notes or example Field name Notes or e xample Computer Computer sharing name Min,.
Appendix B Report Field Definitions Reference 173 Application Usage Report User History Repor t General Version Apple Remote Desktop version and build number Last Contacted Relative date List category.
174 Appendix C C AppleScript Remot e Desktop Suite This appendix shows the c onten ts of Remote Deskt op ’ s AppleScript Dictionar y . This appendix is not a substitute for the AppleScript Dictionar y view in Script Editor . It is included as a quick reference so that AppleScript c ommands might be found by a search of PDF conten ts.
Appendix C AppleScript Remote Desktop Suite 175 application n [inh. application; see also Standard Suite]: Remote Desktop ’ s top level scripting object.
176 Appendix C AppleScript Remote Desktop Suite copy items task n [inh. task > it em]: Copy items t o the target comput ers. ELEMENTS contained by application. PROPERTIES bandwidth limit (integer): Netw ork usage limit in kilobytes per second (0 = unlimited).
Appendix C AppleScript Remote Desktop Suite 177 empty trash task n [inh. task > item]: Empty the trash on the target computers . ELEMENTS contained by application. install package task n [inh. task > item]: Install package(s) on the target computers.
178 Appendix C AppleScript Remote Desktop Suite naming uniquely (boolean): Should each machine be forced t o have a numerically unique name target name (Unicode text): The new name for the computer . restart task n [inh. task > item]: Restart the target computers.
Appendix C AppleScript Remote Desktop Suite 179 share screen task n [inh. task > it em]: Share a computers screen t o the target computers. ELEMENTS contained by application. PROPERTIES source computer (c omputer): The computer (other than the admin) whose screen to share.
180 Appendix D D P ostgr eSQL Schema Sample This chapter c ontains SQL commands t o assist SQL programmers in obtaining the database schema used in Apple Remote Desktop ’ s repor t database . Y ou can use this knowledge about the schema to create y our own applications that acce ss Apple Remote Deskt op report information.
Appendix D PostgreSQL Schema Sample 181 lastupdated | timestamp with time zone | Sample list of propert y names Command: /System/Library/CoreServices/RemoteManagement/rmdb.
Index 182 Index A aborting a task 98 access changing privileges 69 group-based 62 via local account 61 Access Privileges 59 adding Dock items 131 administrator announce 92 Apple keyboard keys 79 Apple.
Index 183 G General preferences 36 group-based authorization 65 guest access 65 H hard disk maintenance 131 hardware asset management 119 Help Desk Mode.
184 Index Automator 159 Secure Screen Blanking. See curtain mode. security best practices 73 preferences 36 sending scripts via UNIX command 145–147 serial number 40 setting boot disk 128 setting en.
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