Instruction/ maintenance manual of the product Rapier i AT-RP16Fi/SC Allied Telesis
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RAPIER SWITCH USER GUIDE Software Release 2.6.1.
2 Rapier Switch User Guide for Software Rele ase 2.6.1 Document Number C613-02025-00 REV C. Copyright © 2003 Allied T ele syn International, Corp. 960 Stewart Drive Suite B, Sunnyvale CA 94086, USA. All rights reserved. No part of this public ation may be repr oduced without prior written permission from Allied T elesyn.
Contents CHAPTER 1 Introduction Introducing the Rapier Se ries Switch ................................ ............. ................ .... 7 Why Read this User G uide? ....... ................ ................ ................ ............. ..........
4 Rapier Switch User Guide Software Release 2.6.1 C613-02025-00 REV C The Diagnost ics Menu . ............. ................. ................ ................ ............... 36 Changing the P assword ............ ................. ................ .
5 Software Release 2.6 .1 C613-02025 -00 REV C The Forwarding Process ............ ................. ................ ................ ............... 84 Layer 2 Filtering ..................... ................ ................ ................. .....
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Chapter 1 Intr oduction Intr oducing the Rapier Series Switch Congratulations on purchasing the Rapier Seri es Layer 3 Fast Ethernet Switch, which combines wir e speed Layer 2 and Layer 3 IP switching with a power ful multiprotocol r outing softwar e suite.
8 Rapier Switch User Guide Software Release 2.6.1 C613-02025-00 REV C This user guide is or ganised into the following chapters: ■ Chapter 1, Introduction gives an overview of the switch featur es and of the documentation supplied with your switch.
Introduction 9 Software Release 2.6 .1 C613-02025 -00 REV C ■ Rapier Series Switch Docu mentation and T ools CD-ROM The Rapier Series Switch Document ation Set in Adobe Acr obat PDF format is bundled with every switch—the complete refer ence to inst alling, configuring and managing the switch, includi ng detailed descriptions of all commands.
10 Rapier Switch User Guide Software Release 2.6.1 C613-02025-00 REV C Management Features The following featur es enhance management of the switch: ■ A sophisticated and configura ble event logging facility for monitoring and alarm notification to single or multiple management centres.
Introduction 11 Software Release 2.6 .1 C613-02025 -00 REV C ■ IPv6 multicast routing support, including Multicast Listener Discovery (MLDv2) and Pr otocol Independent Multicast (PIM) Sparse and Dense Modes. ■ OSPF , RIP (IP and Novell®), SAP (Novell®), EGP and BGP routing protocols.
12 Rapier Switch User Guide Software Release 2.6.1 C613-02025-00 REV C ■ Demand IPX ■ IPX/SPX Spoofing ■ IPX Filtering (not between swi tch ports) ■ AppleT al k ■ Resource Reservation Pr oto.
Chapter 2 Getting Started with the Command Line Interface (CLI) This Chapter This chapter describes how to access the switch’s CLI, and provides basic information about configuring the sw itch, incl.
14 Rapier Switch User Guide Software Release 2.6.1 C613-02025-00 REV C Connecting a T erminal or PC The first thing to do after physically inst alling the switch is to start a terminal or terminal emulation session to access the switch. Then you can use the command line interface (CLI) to configur e the switch.
Getting Started with th e Command Li ne Interface (CLI) 15 Software Release 2.6 .1 C613-02025 -00 REV C If a modem is connected, configur e the sw itch to make and/or accept calls via the modem.
16 Rapier Switch User Guide Software Release 2.6.1 C613-02025-00 REV C If IP addresses on your LAN are assi gned dyn amically by DHCP , you can set the switch to request an IP address from the DHCP se.
Getting Started with th e Command Li ne Interface (CLI) 17 Software Release 2.6 .1 C613-02025 -00 REV C T o add a static route, enter the command: ADD IP ROUTE= ipadd INTERFACE= interface NEXTHOP= ipadd [CIRCUIT= miox-circuit ] [DLCI= dlci ] [MASK= ipadd ][METRIC=1.
18 Rapier Switch User Guide Software Release 2.6.1 C613-02025-00 REV C ■ Do not use your birth date, str eet number or telephone number . ■ Do not write down y our passwor d anywher e. Make sure you remember the new passw o rd creat ed as you cannot retri eve a lost password.
Getting Started with th e Command Li ne Interface (CLI) 19 Software Release 2.6 .1 C613-02025 -00 REV C Aliases The command line interface supports aliases.
20 Rapier Switch User Guide Software Release 2.6.1 C613-02025-00 REV C Enabling Special Featur e Licences Y ou must enab le the special feature lice nce you have purchased before you can use the licenced featur es. Y ou will need the passwor d provided by your authorised distributor or r eseller.
Chapter 3 Getting Started with the Graphical User Interface (GUI) This Chapter This chapter describes how to access th e switch’s HTTP-based Graphical User Interface (GUI), and provides basic inform.
22 Rapier Switch User Guide Software Release 2.6.1 C613-02025-00 REV C What is the GUI? The GUI (Graphical User Interface) is a web-based device management tool, designed to make it easier to configure and monitor the switch. The GUI provides an alternative to the CLI (Comma nd Line Interface).
Getting Started with the Grap hical User Interface (GUI) 23 Software Release 2.6 .1 C613-02025 -00 REV C T o enabl e JavaScript in Netscape 6.2 . x : 1. From the E dit menu, select Prefer ence 2. Select the Advanced menu option. 3. Ensure that the “Enable JavaScript for Naviga tor” checkbox is checked.
24 Rapier Switch User Guide Software Release 2.6.1 C613-02025-00 REV C Establishing a Connec tion to the Switch Before you start, consider how the switch fits into your network. If you are installing a new switch, consider w het her you want to configure it before deploying it into the LAN, or want to configure it in si tu .
Getting Started with the Grap hical User Interface (GUI) 25 Software Release 2.6 .1 C613-02025 -00 REV C Option 1: Configuring the Switch before Installation Use this procedur e if: ■ Y ou want to configure the switch before installing it i n your LAN.
26 Rapier Switch User Guide Software Release 2.6.1 C613-02025-00 REV C 9. At the login prompt, enter the user name and passwor d The default username is manager: User Name: manager Password: friend The System Statu s or System Har dwar e Details page is dis played (Figur e 6 on page 31).
Getting Started with the Grap hical User Interface (GUI) 27 Software Release 2.6 .1 C613-02025 -00 REV C Y ou can br owse to the switch thro ugh any VLAN , a s l o n g a s y o u gi v e t h a t VL A N a n I P address (see be low). These instructions assume you will use vlan1.
28 Rapier Switch User Guide Software Release 2.6.1 C613-02025-00 REV C 10. Point your web browser at the LAN interface’ s IP address For normal access, point your web br owser to http:// ip-address For secure access, point your web browser to https:// ip-address where ip-addr ess is the interface’s IP add ress.
Getting Started with the Grap hical User Interface (GUI) 29 Software Release 2.6 .1 C613-02025 -00 REV C 4. Browse to the switch For normal access, point your web br owser to http:// ip-address where ip-addr ess is the interface’s IP add ress.
30 Rapier Switch User Guide Software Release 2.6.1 C613-02025-00 REV C 3. Enable system security T o enable system security , use the command: ENABLE SYSTEM SECURITY 4. Create an RSA key pair for this switch. T o create an RSA key pair , use the command: CREATE ENCO KEY=0 TYPE=RSA LENGTH=102 4 5.
Getting Started with the Grap hical User Interface (GUI) 31 Software Release 2.6 .1 C613-02025 -00 REV C 10. Configure an IP interface to run S SL over T o configure an IP interface that SSL will be run over , first enable IP using the command: ENABLE IP To m a k e VLAN1 the IP interface, and 172 .
32 Rapier Switch User Guide Software Release 2.6.1 C613-02025-00 REV C Using the GUI: Navigation and Featur es The GUI consists of a large number of pages , which you navigate betw een using the menu on the left of the br owser window . This section de scribes how to use the GUI, and gives an overview of its functionality .
Getting Started with the Grap hical User Interface (GUI) 33 Software Release 2.6 .1 C613-02025 -00 REV C T o delete or destroy an item, select it by clicking on the op tion button at the beginning of its entry in the selection table. Then click the Remove button.
34 Rapier Switch User Guide Software Release 2.6.1 C613-02025-00 REV C Figure 8: An example of a po pup “add” page Figure 9: An example of a po pup “modify” page Editable Fields GUI pages allow you to enter values or select options through a range of field types.
Getting Started with the Grap hical User Interface (GUI) 35 Software Release 2.6 .1 C613-02025 -00 REV C • radio button lists, to choose one of a set of mutually-exclusive options • checkboxes, to enable or disable features.
36 Rapier Switch User Guide Software Release 2.6.1 C613-02025-00 REV C The Management Menu Y ou can use the GUI to manage the switch itself, includ ing: • cr eating user accounts an d enabling syste.
Getting Started with the Grap hical User Interface (GUI) 37 Software Release 2.6 .1 C613-02025 -00 REV C • displaying the contents of th e switch’s file system and how much memory is used and available. Y ou can also delete files • an interface to the switch’s command line interface, allowing you to enter CLI commands.
38 Rapier Switch User Guide Software Release 2.6.1 C613-02025-00 REV C Combining GUI and CLI Configuration Y ou can alternate between the GUI and the CLI without difficulty .
Getting Started with the Grap hical User Interface (GUI) 39 Software Release 2.6 .1 C613-02025 -00 REV C If you have multiple valid r esource files an d rele ases stor ed on the switch, use the SET INST ALL command to change the release and resour ce file the switch uses (see below).
40 Rapier Switch User Guide Software Release 2.6.1 C613-02025-00 REV C T r oubleshooting The GUI resour ce file has an 8-di git name, with the file extension rsc (for example, d_r48e03.
Getting Started with the Grap hical User Interface (GUI) 41 Software Release 2.6 .1 C613-02025 -00 REV C • The IP addr ess of the switch’s interface may be incorrect.
42 Rapier Switch User Guide Software Release 2.6.1 C613-02025-00 REV C ■ Check that the switch is passing the corr ect DNS information to hosts on the LAN, if the switch is a DHCP server .
Getting Started with the Grap hical User Interface (GUI) 43 Software Release 2.6 .1 C613-02025 -00 REV C Problem The switch’ s time is incorre ct, even though it assigns the correct time to devices on the LAN. Solution The UTC offset is pr obably incorrec t, or needs to be adjusted for the beginning or end of summer time.
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Chapter 4 Operating the switch This Chapter This chapter introduces basic oper ations on the switch, including: ■ “ User Accounts and Privileges ” on page 45 ■ “ Normal Mode and Security Mod.
46 Rapier Switch User Guide Software Release 2.6.1 C613-02025-00 REV C In normal mode, a user with manage r privilege can create and delete accounts for users with any of these privilege levels. User s and passwor ds are managed by the User Au thentication Faci lity .
Operating the switch 47 Software Release 2.6 .1 C613-02025 -00 REV C See the Operations chapter in the Rapier Seri es Switch Software Reference for: ■ More information about managing and using accou.
48 Rapier Switch User Guide Software Release 2.6.1 C613-02025-00 REV C When the switch is in security mode, a us er with security of ficer privilege is the only person who can execute commands which af fect switch security . T a ble 5 on page 48 lists commands that only a se curity officer can exe cute when the switch is in security mode.
Operating the switch 49 Software Release 2.6 .1 C613-02025 -00 REV C DESTROY SA DESTROY ST AR DISABLE FEA TURE DISABLE IPSEC DISABLE ISAKMP DISABLE PKI DEBUG DISABLE SA DISABLE SSH DISABLE USER DUMP E.
50 Rapier Switch User Guide Software Release 2.6.1 C613-02025-00 REV C Remote Management Y ou can manage remote switches as easily as you manage the local s witch a terminal is connected to.
Operating the switch 51 Software Release 2.6 .1 C613-02025 -00 REV C Storing Files in FLASH Memory When you purchase the switch, the switch softwar e re lease, the online help files, and a de fault configuration file are stor ed in FLASH memory , where they are saved even if the switch is powered down.
52 Rapier Switch User Guide Software Release 2.6.1 C613-02025-00 REV C Using Scripts When you star t or re start the swi tch, or when it a utomatically r estart s, it executes the configuration command s in the boot script. A boot script is a text file containing a sequence of standar d commands that the switch executes at startup.
Operating the switch 53 Software Release 2.6 .1 C613-02025 -00 REV C Storing Multiple Scripts Y ou can store multiple configuration scripts on the switch. This allows you to test new configuration scripts once , before setting them as the default configuration.
54 Rapier Switch User Guide Software Release 2.6.1 C613-02025-00 REV C Y ou may see files on your switch with file name extensions not li sted in T able 6 on page 53. If you require mor e information about file types and file name extensions, contact your author ised distributor or reselle r.
Operating the switch 55 Software Release 2.6 .1 C613-02025 -00 REV C T o load a file onto the switch using the HTTP protocol, enter the command: LOAD [METHOD={HTTP|WEB|WWW}] [DELAY= delay ] [DESTFILE= destfilename ] [DESTINATION= BOOTBLOCK|FLASH}] [HTTPPROXY={ hostname | ipadd } [PASSWORD=passwor d] [PROXYPORT=1.
56 Rapier Switch User Guide Software Release 2.6.1 C613-02025-00 REV C T o load a patch fi le 1. Configure the LOADER. Set the LOADER module with defaults to make the pr ocess of downloading files in future simpler . SET LOADER METHOD=HTTP SERVER=192.
Operating the switch 57 Software Release 2.6 .1 C613-02025 -00 REV C 2. Upload the conf ig uration file. Upload the configuration file fr om the switch into the TF TP directory of the TF TP server on the network, using the defaults set above. UPLOAD FILE= filename.
58 Rapier Switch User Guide Software Release 2.6.1 C613-02025-00 REV C When the switch r eboots, it checks the i nstall information in a s trict or der: • Firstly , the switch checks the temporar y install. If a temporary ins tall is specified, the swit ch loads it into RA M and runs it.
Operating the switch 59 Software Release 2.6 .1 C613-02025 -00 REV C Example: Upgrade to a Ne w Softwar e Release Using TF TP This example assume s the switch is co rrectly configured to allow TF TP to function. This means that IP is conf igured and the switch is able to communicate with the designated TF TP se rver .
60 Rapier Switch User Guide Software Release 2.6.1 C613-02025-00 REV C compatible, so your curr ent configuration should run with little or no modifications on the later r elease. CREATE CONFIG= myconfig.cfg SET CONFIG= myconfig.cfg The SET CONFIG information survives the release update.
Operating the switch 61 Software Release 2.6 .1 C613-02025 -00 REV C The switch reboots, loading the new patch file and the specified configuration. Check that the s witch operates corr ectly with the new patch file. 3. Make the patch part of the defau lt (permanent) releas e.
62 Rapier Switch User Guide Software Release 2.6.1 C613-02025-00 REV C SNMP and MIBs Y ou can remotely monitor some features o f the switch using Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP). For information about the MIBs supported by the switch, see Appendix C: SNMP MIBs in the Rapier Series Switch Software Refer ence.
Operating the switch 63 Software Release 2.6 .1 C613-02025 -00 REV C ■ How to use LDAP to load PKI certif icates and CRLs onto your s witch. ■ Switch Startup Operations ■ How to use FLASH compaction to regain storage space on the switch. Read “ Warn ing about FLAS H memory ” on page 12 befor e you attempt to do this.
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Layer 2 Swi tching 65 Software Release 2.6 .1 C613-02025 -00 REV C Chapter 5 Layer 2 Switching This section descri bes the Layer 2 switching features on the Rapier Serie s Switch, and how to configure them. Switch Ports Each Ethernet switch port is unique ly identified by a port number .
66 Rapier Switch User Guide Software Release 2.6.1 C613-02025-00 REV C Resetting Ethernet ports at the hardware level discar ds all frames queued for reception or transmission on the port, and r estarts autonegotiation of port speed and duplex mode.
Layer 2 Swi tching 67 Software Release 2.6 .1 C613-02025 -00 REV C Actual speed/duplex The port speed and duplex mode that this port is actually running at. A combination of a speed (one of “10 Mbps”, “100 Mbps” or “1 000 Mbps”) and a d uplex mode (one of “half duplex” or “full duplex”).
68 Rapier Switch User Guide Software Release 2.6.1 C613-02025-00 REV C Autonegotiation of Port Speed and Duplex Mode Each of the switch ports can operate at either 10 Mbps or 100 Mbps, in either full duplex or half duple x mode.
Layer 2 Swi tching 69 Software Release 2.6 .1 C613-02025 -00 REV C The SHOW SWITCH POR T command displays the port speed and duplex mode settings. Port T runking Port trunking, also known as port bund ling or link aggregation, allows a number of ports to be configur ed to jo in together to make a single logical connection of higher bandwidth.
70 Rapier Switch User Guide Software Release 2.6.1 C613-02025-00 REV C All the ports in a tr unk gr oup must belong to the same VLAN. Ports in a tr unk group can be added to other VLANs, either as individual ports or as an entire group.
Layer 2 Swi tching 71 Software Release 2.6 .1 C613-02025 -00 REV C Packet Storm Protection The packet storm pr otection feature al lows the user to set limits on the reception rate of br oadcast, multicast and destina tion lookup failure packets.
72 Rapier Switch User Guide Software Release 2.6.1 C613-02025-00 REV C the BCLIMIT parameter description for important information about packet rate limiting. The default value for this parameter is NONE. If packet s torm protection limits ar e set on the swit ch, the POR T parameter must specify complete processing blocks.
Layer 2 Swi tching 73 Software Release 2.6 .1 C613-02025 -00 REV C T o send packets that match particular criteri a to the mirror port, first creat e a classifier o r classifiers us ing the command: C.
74 Rapier Switch User Guide Software Release 2.6.1 C613-02025-00 REV C Figure 13: Example output from the SHOW SWITCH PORT INTRUSION command. A switch port can be manually locked be fore it reaches th.
Layer 2 Swi tching 75 Software Release 2.6 .1 C613-02025 -00 REV C Devices that are members of the same VLAN only exchange data with each other thr ough the switch’s switching ca pabilities. T o exchange data between devices in separate VLANs, the s witch’s routi ng capabilities are used.
76 Rapier Switch User Guide Software Release 2.6.1 C613-02025-00 REV C Figure 14: Format of user priori ty and VLAN data in an Ether net frame. Ethernet packets which contain a VLAN tag are r eferred to as tagged frames, and switch ports that transmit ta gged fra mes are r eferred to as tagged ports .
Layer 2 Swi tching 77 Software Release 2.6 .1 C613-02025 -00 REV C Every frame admitted by the switch has a VID associated with it. If a frame arrives on a tagged port, the associated VID is determined from the VLAN tag the frame had when it arrived.
78 Rapier Switch User Guide Software Release 2.6.1 C613-02025-00 REV C Figure 15: VLANs with tagged ports. VLAN Membership of Untagged Packets A VLAN that does not send any VLAN-ta gged frames is a logical gr ouping of ports. All untagged traf fi c arri ving at those ports belongs to that VLAN.
Layer 2 Swi tching 79 Software Release 2.6 .1 C613-02025 -00 REV C If the network includes VLANs that do not need to share network resour ces or span several switches, VLAN member ship can useful ly be based on untagged ports. Otherwise, VLAN membership s hould be determined by tagging (see “ VLAN T agging ” on page 75).
80 Rapier Switch User Guide Software Release 2.6.1 C613-02025-00 REV C T o add tagged ports to a VLAN, use the command: ADD VLAN={ vlan-name |1..4094} PORT={ port-list |ALL} FRAME=TAGGED A port can be tagged for any number of VLANs. T o add untagged ports to a VLAN, use the command: ADD VLAN={ vlan-name |1.
Layer 2 Swi tching 81 Software Release 2.6 .1 C613-02025 -00 REV C Summary of VLAN tagging rules When designing a VLAN and adding ports to VLANs, the foll owing rules apply . 1. Each port, except for the mir ror port, mus t belong to at least one static VLAN.
82 Rapier Switch User Guide Software Release 2.6.1 C613-02025-00 REV C Generic VLAN Registration Pr otocol (GVRP) The GARP application GVRP allows switches in a network to dy namically share VLAN membership information, to r educe the need for statically configuring all VLAN membership change s on all switches in a network.
Layer 2 Swi tching 83 Software Release 2.6 .1 C613-02025 -00 REV C The default settings for the Ingr ess Rules ar e to Admit All Frames, and for Ingress Filtering to be OFF . This means that if no VLAN configuration has be en done, all incoming frames pass on to the Le arning Pr ocess, r egardless of whether or not they are VLAN tagg ed.
84 Rapier Switch User Guide Software Release 2.6.1 C613-02025-00 REV C If the frame’s sour ce addr ess is not alr e ady in the Forwar ding Database for the VLAN, the address i s added and an ageing timer f or that entry is started.
Layer 2 Swi tching 85 Software Release 2.6 .1 C613-02025 -00 REV C the switch floods the fr ame on all ports in the VLAN except the port on which the frame was rece ived.
86 Rapier Switch User Guide Software Release 2.6.1 C613-02025-00 REV C Figure 17: Example output from the SHOW SWITCH FIL TER command. For each VLAN, the destination MAC address of a frame to be forwarded is checked against the Forwar ding Database.
Layer 2 Swi tching 87 Software Release 2.6 .1 C613-02025 -00 REV C The Egr ess Rules Once the Forwardin g Process has dete rmined which ports and transm ission queues to forward a frame from, the Egress Rules for each por t determine whether or not the outgoing frame is VLAN-tagged with its numerica l VLAN Identifier (VID).
88 Rapier Switch User Guide Software Release 2.6.1 C613-02025-00 REV C T o display the mapping of user prio rity to QOS egr ess queues, use the command: SHOW SWITCH QOS Figure 18: Example output from .
Layer 2 Swi tching 89 Software Release 2.6 .1 C613-02025 -00 REV C Spanning T r ee Pr otocol (STP) The Spanning T ree Pr otocol (STP) makes it poss ible to automatically disabl e redundant paths in a network to avoid loops, and enable them when a fault in the network means they are nee ded to keep tr affic flowing.
90 Rapier Switch User Guide Software Release 2.6.1 C613-02025-00 REV C A spanning tree r unning in standar d mode can take up to one mi nute to re build after a topology or configuration chan ge. The Rapid Spanning T ree algorithm provides for a mor e rapid r ecovery of connectivity following the failure of a bridge, bridge port, or a LAN.
Layer 2 Swi tching 91 Software Release 2.6 .1 C613-02025 -00 REV C T o specify whether the STP will operat e in ST ANDARD mode or RAPID mode, use the command: SET STP={ stp-name |ALL} [MODE={STANDARD|RAPID} ] [ other parameters ] The default is ST ANDARD.
92 Rapier Switch User Guide Software Release 2.6.1 C613-02025-00 REV C Configuring STP By default, the switch has one defau lt STP which cannot be destr oyed. In most situations this defaul t STP will suf fice. By default, all VLANs, and therefor e all ports, belong to the default STP .
Layer 2 Swi tching 93 Software Release 2.6 .1 C613-02025 -00 REV C switches. The Bridge Identifier parame ter is used in all configuration Spanni ng T ree Protocol packets transmitted by th e switch.
94 Rapier Switch User Guide Software Release 2.6.1 C613-02025-00 REV C Figure 20: Example output from the SHOW STP command. STP Information ---------------------------------------- -------------------- Name .................. grey Mode ...............
Layer 2 Swi tching 95 Software Release 2.6 .1 C613-02025 -00 REV C T able 18: Parameters in the outp ut of the SHOW STP c ommand . Parameter Meaning STP Name The name of the Spanning T ree Pr otocol entity . Mode Whether STP is running in standard, or rapid mode.
96 Rapier Switch User Guide Software Release 2.6.1 C613-02025-00 REV C The various parameters used by the Spa nning T ree Algorithm for the specifie d ports, or all ports within the specified STP , or.
Layer 2 Swi tching 97 Software Release 2.6 .1 C613-02025 -00 REV C Each port also has a path cost, which is used if the port is the r oot port for the STP on the switch. The path cost is added to the r oot path cost field in configuration messages received on the po rt to determine the total cost of the path to the root bridge.
98 Rapier Switch User Guide Software Release 2.6.1 C613-02025-00 REV C Figure 21: Example output from the SHOW STP POR T command. STP Port Information ---------------------------------------- -------------------- STP ..................... grey STP Status .
Layer 2 Swi tching 99 Software Release 2.6 .1 C613-02025 -00 REV C The spanning tre e algorithm can be recalc ulated at any time, and all timers and counters be initialised, us ing the command: RESET .
100 Rapier Switch User Guide Software Release 2.6.1 C613-02025-00 REV C Figure 22: Example output from the SHOW STP COUNTER command STP Counters --------------------------------- ---------------------.
Layer 2 Swi tching 101 Software Release 2.6 .1 C613-02025 -00 REV C If necessary , all the ST P configuration th at users have created on the switch can be re m o ve d , s o th a t a ll S T P s e x c .
102 Rapier Switch User Guide Software Release 2.6.1 C613-02025-00 REV C out all ports. IGM P snooping is in dependent of the IGMP and Layer 3 configuration, so an IP interface does no t have to be attached to the VLAN, and IGMP does not have to be enabled or configur ed.
Layer 2 Swi tching 103 Software Release 2.6 .1 C613-02025 -00 REV C Figure 23: Example output from the SHOW IP IGMP command. IGMP Protocol ------------------------------------ ----------------------------------------- ----- Status ....................
104 Rapier Switch User Guide Software Release 2.6.1 C613-02025-00 REV C T riggers The T rigger Facility can be used to automatically r un specified command scripts when particular triggers are activa ted. When a tr igger is activated by an event, global parameters and parameters specific to the event are passed to the script that is run.
Chapter 6 Layer 3 The Rapier Series Switch r outes IP and IP multicasting traf fic at wir e speed between VLANs, and supports a number of other Layer 3 pr otocols.
106 Rapier Switch User Guide Software Release 2.6.1 C613-02025-00 REV C Inter net Protocol (IP) The switch performs IP r outing at wir e speed between VLANs that have been configur ed as IP int erfaces. For exampl e, to add the admin VLAN as an I P interface, giving it an IP address of 192.
Layer 3 107 Software Release 2.6 .1 C613-02025 -00 REV C Routing Information Pr otocol (RIP) Routing protocols such as RIPv1 and RIPv2 can be enabled on a VLAN.
108 Rapier Switch User Guide Software Release 2.6.1 C613-02025-00 REV C Figure 26: Example output from the SHOW IPX CIRCUIT command. AppleT alk AppleT alk is enabled with a sp ecial feature lice nse. T o obta in a speci al feature license contact an Allied T elesyn auth orised distributor or reseller.
Layer 3 109 Software Release 2.6 .1 C613-02025 -00 REV C Figure 27: Example output from the SHOW APPLE POR T command. Resour ce Reservation Pr otocol (RSVP) RSVP is enabled with a special featu re license. T o obtain a special feature license contact an Allied T elesyn authorised distributor or reseller.
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Chapter 7 Maintenance and T r oubleshooting This Chapter If you are familiar with networking and switch operations, you may be able to diagnose and solve some problems yourself. This chapter gives tips on how to: ■ start your switch (see “ How the Switch Starts Up ” on page 1 12).
112 Rapier Switch User Guide Software Release 2.6.1 C613-02025-00 REV C How the Switch Starts Up The sequence of operations that the s witch performs when it boots ar e: 1. Perform startup self te sts. 2. Perform the install override option. 3. Load the EPROM release as the INST A LL boot.
Maintenance and T roubles hooting 113 Software Release 2.6 .1 C613-02025 -00 REV C When you star t the switch t he EPROM r e lease is always loaded first. The EPROM re lease contains all the code r equir ed to obtain and check the INST ALL information.
114 Rapier Switch User Guide Software Release 2.6.1 C613-02025-00 REV C Backup switch If your network has many switches, yo u may wi sh to keep a back up switch ready to replace any switch that malfunctions. When you upgrade the software release or patch on the other switches in the network, upgrade the backup too.
Maintenance and T roubles hooting 115 Software Release 2.6 .1 C613-02025 -00 REV C What to Do if Y ou Clear FLASH Memory Completely DO NOT clear the FLASH memory comple tely . The software release files are stored in FLASH, and clearing it woul d leave no softwar e to run the switch.
116 Rapier Switch User Guide Software Release 2.6.1 C613-02025-00 REV C What T o Do if ISDN Fails to Connect Make sure the system territory is set to the country or re gion in which your switch is located.
Maintenance and T roubles hooting 117 Software Release 2.6 .1 C613-02025 -00 REV C Y ou ca n re se t p a ss wo rd s f or a cc ou n ts w i th MANAGER privilege wit h the same command, provide d the manager can lo gin to at least one account wi th MANAGER privilege.
118 Rapier Switch User Guide Software Release 2.6.1 C613-02025-00 REV C Resetting Switch Defaults T o restart the switch at any time with no configuration, enter the command: RESTART SWITCH CONFIG=NONE If boot.cfg has changed, to set it back to the default configuration by saving the default dynamic configuration to the boot.
Maintenance and T roubles hooting 119 Software Release 2.6 .1 C613-02025 -00 REV C If PING to the end destination fails, PING intermediate network address es. If you can successfully PING some network addr esses, and not others, you can deduce which link in the network is down.
120 Rapier Switch User Guide Software Release 2.6.1 C613-02025-00 REV C 5. Contact your authorised distri butor or reseller for assistance If the route still does not appear , co ntact your authorised distributor or resel ler for assistance. T elnet F ails 1.
Maintenance and T roubles hooting 121 Software Release 2.6 .1 C613-02025 -00 REV C In Microsoft® W i ndows™ 2000, click Setting s → Control Pane l → Network and Dial-up Connectio ns → Local Area Connecti on → Properties . Select Internet connection (TCP/IP) and click Properties .
122 Rapier Switch User Guide Software Release 2.6.1 C613-02025-00 REV C configuration of the workstation or file se rver . Check with your Novell network administrator .
Maintenance and T roubles hooting 123 Software Release 2.6 .1 C613-02025 -00 REV C Using T race Route for IP T raf fic Y ou can use trace route to discover the r oute that packets pass between two systems running the IP pr otocol. T race route sends an ini tial UDP packets with the T ime T o Live (TTL) field in the IP he ader set starting at 1.
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If you already are a holder of Allied Telesis Rapier i AT-RP16Fi/SC, but have not read the manual yet, you should do it for the reasons described above. You will learn then if you properly used the available features, and whether you have not made any mistakes, which can shorten the lifetime Allied Telesis Rapier i AT-RP16Fi/SC.
However, one of the most important roles played by the user manual is to help in solving problems with Allied Telesis Rapier i AT-RP16Fi/SC. Almost always you will find there Troubleshooting, which are the most frequently occurring failures and malfunctions of the device Allied Telesis Rapier i AT-RP16Fi/SC along with tips on how to solve them. Even if you fail to solve the problem, the manual will show you a further procedure – contact to the customer service center or the nearest service center
